history final wendy smith 131

In April 1995, U.S. veteran Timothy McVeigh, who had become part of a militant antigovernment movement, killed 168 people when he blew up a van in front of a federal building in

Oklahoma city

In 1941, prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor,

President Franklin Roosevelt froze all Japanese assets in the United States.

Martin Luther King Jr. was leader of the

Southern Christian Leadership Conference.

The Warren Commission investigation of the assassination of President John Kennedy concluded

The Warren Commission investigation of the assassination of President John Kennedy concluded

in 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, the

United states ordered a naval and air blockade around Cuba

The most significant and largest public works project of the federal government under President Dwight Eisenhower involved

a federal highway system.

in his first year as President, Bill Clinton secured from Congress all of the following

a national health reform

in 1943, to simple tax collections, Congress enacted

a withholding system of payroll deductions.

All of the following statements regarding early television are true EXCEPT that a. the federal government largely kept big business sponsorship out of television advertising. b. in the 1920s there were experiments in broadcasting pictures and sound. c. television quickly became the most powerful medium of mass communication in history. d. in 1946 there were 17,000 television sets in the United States. e. all three major television networks had started as radio companies.

a. the federal government largely kept big business sponsorship out of television advertising.

In the 1980s and 1990s, the most divisive cultural issue in the United States was

abortion rights

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were

accused of passing American secrets to its enemies.

In 1948, President Harry Truman responded to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin by

airlifting supplies to West Berlin.

The first American to be launched into space, in 1961, was

alan shepard

The 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was in response to

alleged attacks by North Vietnamese torpedo boats on American destroyers.

the "lend lease" plan

allowed the U.S. to loan weapons to England, to be returned when the war was over

The first personal computer to be widely available to the public was introduced in 1977 by

apple

In mid-1945, evidence of Japan's desperation to continue the war included a. the loss of over 100,000 Japanese lives at Okinawa. b. All these answers are correct. c. nighttime attacks by Japanese troops against American lines. d. both the sending of thousands of pilots on suicide missions, and nighttime attacks by Japanese troops against American lines. e.the sending of thousands of pilots on suicide missions.

b. all these answers are correct

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 and subsequent related measures a. based aid on student need rather than school need. b. All these answers are correct. c. both offered aid to public and private schools, and based aid on student rather than school need. d. offered aid to both public and private schools. e. managed to circumvent objections that the Kennedy administration had faced

b. all these answers are correct

The rapid rise in the popularity of rock music was partly due to a. the success of American Bandstand. b. All these answers are correct. c. jukeboxes. d. innovations in television programming. e. innovations in radio programming.

b. all these are correct

the National security act of 1947 a. combined the functions previously performed separately by the war and navy departments b. all these are correct c. created the national security council d. created the department of defense e. created the central intelligence agency

b. all these are correct

In July 1940, opinion polls showed the clear majority of the American public

believed Germany posed a direct threat to the United States.

the "freedom summer" campaign in 1964 focused on

black voter registration and participation.

the United States was motivated to develop the Marshall Plan in 1947 due to

both humanitarian concern for the European people, and a desire to create strong European markets for American goods

All of the following statements regarding the 1968 Tet offensive are true EXCEPT that it a. suggested to the American public something of the brutality of the fighting in Vietnam. b. saw American troops inflict enormous casualties on the communists. c. involved the fall of Saigon to the communists. d. saw the communists fighting on the grounds of the American embassy in Saigon. e. began on a Vietnamese holiday.

c. involved the fall of Saigon to the communists.

in the 1960s, the philosophy of "black power"

called for an increased awareness of racial differences

The most impassioned opposition to globalization in the West

claimed it was an economic threat

In the early 1960s, the SNCC was formed primarily by

college students

Great Society reforms

contributed to the greatest reduction in poverty in American history.

The Soviet Union's 1948 blockade of West Berlin was primarily a response to the

creation of a unified West Berlin

at the conclusion of the Yalta conference in 1945, basic disagreements remained on? a. the unification of Germany b. war reparations to the Soviet Union c. both the government of Poland and the unification of Germany d. all these answers are correct e. the government of Poland

d. all these answers are correct

between 1945 and 1957, the growth of American consumerism was aided by a. revolving charge accounts b. the development of credit cards c. easy payment credit plans d. all these answers are correct e. an 800 percent increase in consumer credit

d. all these answers are correct

In 1973, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries a. raised the price of oil by 500 percent. b. helped to precipitate a fuel shortage in the United States. c. both refused to ship oil to all nations that supported Israel, and raised the price of oil by 500 percent. d. All these answers are correct. e. refused to ship oil to all nations that supported Israel.

d. all these are correct

The Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

declared that separate educational facilities were unlawful

Following the outbreak of war in Europe in 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt

declared the United States would remain neutral

In 1972, the Equal Rights Amendment a. had been promoted since b.the 1920s by some feminists. was passed by Congress and submitted to the states for ratification. c.was strongly opposed by some women. d. seemed almost certain to be ratified. e. All these answers are correct.

e. all these answers are correct

Which of the following statements regarding the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor is false a. the American aircraft carriers escaped the attack b. more than 2400 American soldiers and sailors died in the attack c. few American authorities believed Japan was capable of an attack on Pearl Harbor d. the Japanese suffered light losses in the attack e. the state department assumed the Japanese would not attack American territory

e. the state department assumed the Japanese would not attack American territory

In designing the structure of the new United Nations, planners called for

each nation on the Security Council to have veto power over the others.

in 1973, Vice president Spiro Agnew resigned because

evidence surfaced that he had accepted bribes.

Founded in 1968, the American Indian Movement (AIM)

focused on militant action.

In 1961, the "freedom rides" sponsored by CORE attempted to

force the desegregation of bus stations.

The Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty negotiated between the U.S. and the Soviet Union

froze the arsenals of some nuclear missiles on both sides at their current levels.

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

gave President Lyndon Johnson wide latitude to escalate the conflict

Betty Friedan's 1963 book, The Feminine Mystique,

gave a voice to a reemerging women's rights movement.

The Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944

gave economic and education subsidies to veterans

during the 1950s, television networks

generally sought to convey idealized image of a homogeneous America

In 1945, when Harry Truman became president, he

had almost no familiarity with foreign affairs.

The intent of President Richard Nixon's "Vietnamization" policy was to

have the South Vietnamese military do more of the fighting.

During Joseph McCarthy's investigation into alleged subversion in government,

he never produced conclusive evidence that any federal employee was a communist.

the 1969 "stonewall riot" is associated with the civil rights movement for

homosexuals

In his 1950 book, The Lonely Crowd, sociologist David Riesman argued that Americans were

increasingly more concerned with winning approval in the community or larger organization.

prior to ordering the use of an atomic bomb against Japan, President Harry Truman

issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or face utter devastation

In 1932, the Hoover administration, in response to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria,

issued warnings to the Japanese government.

During World War II, the first Axis country to be defeated was

italy

The primary goal of the American Apollo program was to

land men on the moon

On December 19, 1998, the House voted to impeach President Clinton for

lying to a grand jury and obstructing justice.

The Montgomery bus boycott of 1955-1956

marked the emergence of an effective form of racial protest.

The immediate cause of the Korean War, in 1950, was the

military invasion by North Korea into South Korea.

in 1946, Dr. Benjamin Spock's best-selling Baby and Child Care contended that

mothers should stay at home with their children

In 2002, President George W. Bush described an "axis of evil" made up of Iraq, Iran, and

north korea

the watergate scandal began in 1972 with a break in at the

offices of the democratic national committee

throughout the late 1960s

opposition in the United States to the Vietnam War intensified.

In 1949, the Truman administration made progress in civil rights by

ordering an end to discrimination in the hiring of government employees.

in their first year in office, the Bush administration

passed the largest tax cut in American history

Rachel Carson's 1962 book Silent Spring helped launch the modern environmental movement by focusing on problems concerning

pesticides

In 1954, the American scientist Jonas Salk developed a vaccine for the prevention of

polio

Michael Harrington's 1962 book, The Other America, focused on the problems of

poverty

Only weeks after taking office, President Lyndon Johnson declared a "war" on

poverty

in 2001, regarding an international treaty signed in Kyoto, Japan, to reduce emissions in the atmosphere, President George W. Bush

refused to participate in the agreement

In Miranda v. Arizona (1966), the Supreme Court

required authorities to inform a criminal suspect of his or her legal rights.

The so-called Pentagon Papers

revealed the government had misled the public regarding the progress of the war.

Like many early white rock musicians, Elvis Presley drew heavily from black traditions in

rhythm and blues

In 1998, the federal budget

saw its first surplus in thirty years

During the 1920s and 1930s, interest in pursuing an isolationist foreign policy

seemed to grow in the U.S. as it became apparent that Italy would invade Ethiopia.

The 2000 presidential election was characterized by the

sensational controversy over its results.

In the civil rights movement, the spirit of "massive resistance" is associated with the actions of

southern whites

In 1943, the country that pressed for an immediate Allied invasion of France against Germany was

soviet union

in the 1968 presidential campaign, Richard Nixon called for

stability and national law and order

Robert Kennedy's assassin had apparently been angered by Kennedy's

statements in favor of Israel

In April 1970, the antiwar movement was recharged by

the U.S. invasion of Cambodia.

The 1950 National Security Council report known as NSC-68 stated

the United States must resist communism anywhere it developed in the world.

After a difficult battle, Clinton won approval of the North American Free Trade Agreement (or NAFTA), which eliminated most trade barriers among

the United States, Canada, and Mexico

President Harry Truman's Fair Deal called for

the creation of national health insurance

in 1956, scheduled nation elections for Vietnam were canceled because?

the leader of the pro-western government in South Vietnam, Ngo Dinh Diem, refused to hold them

In his farewell address to the nation, President Dwight Eisenhower warned against the dangers of

the military industrial complex

The "Saturday night massacre" refers to an event that included

the resignation of two key Nixon administration officials.

in 1964, a dispute broke out at the University of California at Berkeley over?

the rights of students to engage in free speech

In the 1970s, the Nixon administration believed the world's most volatile region to be

the so called third world

in 1961, President John Kennedy believed the major struggle against communism in the future would be waged in

the third world

in 1942, when the United States interned Japanese Americans in "relocation centers"

there was no evidence that the Japanese Americans were a domestic security risk

in 1974, Richard Nixon left the presidency

through resignation

Under John Foster Dulles's policy of "massive retaliation," announced in 1954, the United States would

use nuclear weapons against communist aggression

In the 1960s, the youth counterculture

was openly scornful of the values and conventions of American middle-class society.

the battle of bulge

was the last major battle on the western front

the 2000 election results were decided

when the supreme court ended all efforts to recount the votes in Florida

In 2001, convinced that it harbored Al Qaeda terrorists, NATO, led by the United States, attacked

Afghanistan

Earth Day" in 1970 was

An example of the popularization of environmentalism

After 1943, the United States advanced on Japan primarily with the aid of forces from

Australia and New Zealand.

The costliest battle in the history of the United States Marines Corps was the Battle of

Iwo Jima

The Tripartite Pact was a defensive alliance among

Japan, Germany, and Italy.

Which of the following is true of the assassination of President John Kennedy?

Lee Harvey Oswald was shot and killed while in police custody