History of Modern Art Exam 1
Bauhaus
A German interdisciplinary school of fine and applied arts that brought together many leading modern architects, designers, and theatrical innovators.
Papier Colle
A collage composed of pieces of variously colored paper glued to a ground (board, canvas, paper, etc.)
Collage
A composition made by gluing pieces of paper, cloth, etc. on a canvas, paper, board, etc.
Pointillism
A method for applying paint in small dabs of pure color, which create optical mixtures in the eye when seen from several feet away. Seurat
New Objectivity
A reaction in art against Romantic idealism and extreme emotional expression Beckmann
Representational Art
Any work of art that seeks to resemble the world of natural appearance.
Pablo Picasso
Cubism
Man Ray
Dada
Marc Chagall
Drew upon childhood memories in rural Russia, as well as upon his awareness of avant-garde French painting (chiefly the Fauvist use of color). Cubism
Emil Nolde
Expressionism
Henri Matisse
Expressionism
Oskar Kokoschka
Expressionism
Constantin Brancusi
Futurism
Rayogram
Man Ray made these without a camera by placing objects-such as the thumbtacks, coil of wire, and other circular forms used here-directly on a sheet of photosensitized paper and exposing it to light.
Marcel Breuer
Model 3b chair, Tubular steel, Bauhaus
Robert Delaunay
Orphism
En Pein Air
Painting outdoors, rather than in the studio, in order to capture natural and differences of light. Impressionists did this.
Gustav Klimt
Symbolism
Odilon Redon
Symbolism
Edvard Munch
The Scream expresses anxiety Expressionism
Der Balue Reiter
The blue rider, group of artists united in rejection, founded by kandinsky and marc Kandinsky, Marc, Klee
Constructivism
The rejection of autonomous art, to construct art Rodchenko, Tatlin
Henri Rousseau
Works were studied by a younger generation who were interested in Romanticism Primitivism
Kinetic
art from any medium that contains movement perceivable by the viewer or depends on motion for its effect. This is attained by electronic or mechanical means.
George Seurat
artist credited with creating pointillism in art Pointillism
Edgar Degas
artist known for depicting dancers in his art Impressionism
Jean Arp
chance determined the forms of the collages Dada
Franz Marc
created abstracted works about animals in an expressionistic and abstracted portrayal
Non-Objective art
defines a type of abstract art that is usually, but not always, geometric and aims to convey a sense of simplicity and purity. It and was inspired by the Greek philosopher Plato who believed that geometry was the highest form of beauty. No relationship to any illusion in the real world.
Orphism
dynamic expanses of rhythmic form and chromatic scales rather than the monochromatic, gave priority to light and color, lyrical Delaunay
Metaphysical
early twentieth century Italian art movement typified by dream-like views of eerie arcaded squares with unexpected juxtapositions of objects. Example: Giorgio de Chirico
Monochromatic
exploration of one color, the examination of different values changing across a surface (painting/drawing)
Synthetic Cubism
later phase of cubism, generally considered to run from about 1912 to 1914, characterized by simpler shapes and brighter colors Picasso
Marcel Duchamp
nude descending a staircase introduced movement in space into cubism, large glass completed when it cracked in transit Dada
Facets
one side of something many-sided. For example: Picasso's Cubism
Futurism
originated in Italy in the early 20th century. It emphasized speed, technology, youth, violence, and objects such as the car, the airplane, and the industrial city. Boccioni, etc
Woodcut
printmaking technique consisting of a block of wood with a design cut into it. Example: Emil Nolde
Disorienting Diagonals
purposeful placement of accented or enhanced diagonal lines in painting or photography (or cinema) in order to create a sense of unease and discomfort in the viewer for expressive purposes. Example: Edvard Munch's "The Scream"
Analytic Cubism
refers to works in which the subject is: analyzed, broken down, and reconstructed as a series of lines and planes so that the subject depicted becomes abstract Picasso
Photomontage
the process and the result of making a composite photograph by cutting, gluing, rearranging and overlapping two or more photographs into a new image. Sometimes the resulting composite image is photographed so that a final image may appear as a seamless photographic print
Symbolism
the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities Klimt, Redon, Munch, Picasso, etc.
Max Beckmann
utilization of the triptych format evokes church altar pieces New Objectivity
Assemblage
work produced by the incorporation of everyday objects into the composition. Although each non-art object, such as a piece of rope or newspaper, acquires aesthetic or symbolic meanings within the context of the whole work, it may retain something of its original identity. Example: Marcel Duchamp