history of rock 3

this depression era folk singer wore the slogan "this machine kills fascists" on his guitar

woody guthrie

this studio started in 1950s by rick hall, billy sherrill and tom stafford. the studio occupied a former tobacco warehouse in muscle shoals in the early 1960s

FAME

nashville skyline

a year after john wesley harding -very relaxed w/ modest ambitions -singing with a "new voice"

simon and garfunkel parted ways following the bridge over troubled water album. art garfunkel went on to pursue a career in

acting

this album marked the end of what dylan called his "finger-pointing" songs

another side of bob dylan

daughter of a prominent baptist minister and activist. began her singing career in her fathers church and started recording at 14

aretha franklin

ahmet ertegun and herb abramson founded this record label

atlantic

motown was founded by

berry gordy jr.

atlantic records

best known for its many recordings of rhythm and blues, rock and roll, and jazz -brothers nesuhi and ahmet ertegun

first double album in rock music and recorded in nashville with session players

blonde on blonde

the house band on the recordings at stax was

booker T and the MGs

simon and garfunkel's biggest selling album was

bridge over troubled water

the beginning of the work of folk musicologists included the work by john and alan lomax along with

charles seeger

bob dylan album

consisted of familiar folk, blues and gospel material combined with two original compositions -album made little impact

this film director worked twice with Dylan in the 60s. the first film was don't look back. the second was:

eat the document

charles seeger, john and alan lomax

folk Musicologists

woody guthries song "this land is your land" was inspired by this song as performed by kate smith

god bless america

international talent management inc.

gordy created a musical version of the old hollywood studio system. performers were signed, had careers developed and stayed contractually bound for many years

maxine powell and cholly atkins

groomed, dressed and choreographed the acts on the motown label

this dylan album was named for great american arteriole that leads from north to the south and follows mississippi river

highway 61 revisited

motion's main songwriting/production team was

holland-dozier-holland

organized labor began with the formation of this organization

industrial workers of the world (IWW)

berry goody's first hit artist was

jackie wilson

the last group developed by berry gordy jr. in detroit was

jackson five

estelle axton

jim stewart's sister, began financial interest in tax company in 1958

in early 1960s this artist moved to forefront of american folk music revival. her personal convictions- peace, social justice, anti poverty- were reflected in the topical songs she chose

joan baez

bob dylan signed to his first recording contract by

john hammond

following the motorcycle accident, dylan settled into domestic life in woodstock where he and the members of the hawks recorded this set of songs

john wesley harding

dylans first hit single was a long song from highway 61. it went to #2 on charts . it was...

like a rolling stone

this artist was signed by motown in 1961. by the age of 13 he had a major hit, "fingertips pt. 2"

little stevie wonder

there were a variety of causes that led to the great depression. leading cause was:

market speculation

the acts on the motown label were groomed, dressed and choreographed for live performances by these two people

maxine powell and chilly atkins

smokey robinson

miracles lead singer that became vice president of the company

quality control

modeled after his assembly-line days at Lincoln-Mercury -producers had to run their mixers past quality control

this stax artist brought soul music to the 1967 monterey pop festival

otis redding

the primary songwriter in the duo simon and garfunkel was

paul simon

the "bridge" artist who connected the first and second folk music revivals was

pete seeger

the one person who was the link between the almanac singers was

pete seeger

this songwriter is best known as the author or co author of where have all the flowers gone" "if i had a hammer" and "turn turn turn"

pete seeger

albert grossman created this group in 1961 after auditioning several singers in the new york folk scene

peter, paul, and mary

this artist fused rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues style in recordings with atlantic recors

ray charles

this artist was signed in 1952 by atlantic and brought a string of hits

ray charles

after herb abrasmson was drafted, ahmet ertegun recruited jerry wexler, who is credited with coining this term to replace the previously used "race music" in reference to black music

rhythm and blues

bob dylan was born as

robert allen zimmerman

there were two distinct folk music revivals in the 20th century. the first grew out of the tradition from this ethnicity and region:

scots-irish appalachia

booker T and the MG's

shaping the sound of southern soul and memphis soul -booker T jones, steve cropper, donald "duck" dunn, al jackson jr. -house band of stax records -released instrumental records under their own name -one of the most prolific, respected, and imitated of their era

this duo began as tom and jerry in 1957 and had their first success with the minor hit "hey, schoolgirl"

simon and garfunkel

this record company was founded in memphis in 1957 by jim stewart and estelle axton

stax

dylans backup band on the 1965-66 tour was later known as

the Band

this group was less interested in recording than in appearing at union functions and anti war protests

the almanac singers

berry gordy ran motown according to lessons he learned working in this industry

the auto industry

this group formed in LA in 1964 and underwent multiple line up changes throughout its existence, with only frontman roger mcguinn remaining the consistent member

the byrds

the house band at FAME studio was

the funk brothers

the studio band at motown was known as

the funk brothers

the group who backed dylan on his "electric" tour of 1965-66 was

the hawks

the first "hit" group in the second folk music revival was

the kingston trio

this 1963 event featured some of the most influential performers of the time including joan base, bob dylan, peter, paul and josh white

the march on washington for jobs and freedom

the first act signed by berry gordy was the matadors. they changed their name to

the miracles

this group was said to have been as influential to soul as the beatles are to pop and rock

the temptations

the group found themselves blacklisted during the HUAC trials of the mcCarthy era

the weavers

bridge over troubled water

-final studio album -paul simon wrote all tracks except one -followed similar musical patter as bookends and introduced a combo of rock, rhythm and blues, gospel, jazz, world music, pop and other genres

the times are a changin'

-first album of original compositions -stark, sparsely arranged collection of story songs tackling issues of racism, poverty, and social change

the supremes

-first black female performers of rock era to embrace a feminine image -one of the first black musical acts to achieve complete and sustained crossover success

berry gordy jr.

-founded Motown -2 record labels: Tamla records and motown -started as a songwriter for local detroit acts

stay records

-founded by jim stewart in 1957 -early releases were country music, rockabilly records, or straight pop numbers

freewheelin' bob dylan

-gave dylan his fame -officially changed his name between 1st and 2nd album

the funk brothers

-house band on majority of motown recordings

pete seeger

-iconic figure in both american folk music revivals -"where have all the flowers gone?" "if i had a hammer" "turn, turn, turn"

aretha franklin

-includes gospel, jazz, blues, R&B, pop, rock, funk -one of most important popularizers of the soul music genre and is referred to as Queen of soul

1963 march on washington

-mahalia jackson led participants in the song, signaling the unity among the moderate members of the SCLC -performers: marian anderson, joan baez, bob dylan, mahalia jackson, peter, paul and mary, josh white

another side of bob dylan

-marks end of "finger pointing" songs -marks a move from the more socially conscious style of the times they are a changin'

bob dylan

-"robert zimmerman" -signed to columbia records in 1961 -some referred to him as "hammond's folly"

peter, paul, and mary

-albert grossman created group -"lemon tree" "500 miles" "if i had a hammer"

simon and garfunkel

-began as tom & jerry -sometimes had a rocky relationship, resulted in break up -bridge over troubled water was most successful album

the kingston trio

-bob shane, nick reynolds, dave guard -created commercial and mainstream audience for music in the folk tradition

folk music revivals

-came from an aural tradition of performance -brought a new genre of popular music with artists marketed by amplified concerts, recordings and broadcasting

joan baez

-career at 17 -personal convictions: social justice, peace, anti-poverty

blonde on blonde

-compels listeners to take responsibility for their own interpretation -recorded in nashville w/ nashville musicians

bringing it all back home

-cultural "call to arms" -mixed it up with his own sensibility, reading of history, his own life

john wesley harding

-dylan's return to acoustic music and traditional roots -shared many stylistic themes with the basement tapes -showed he was studying the bible more

IWW- industrial workers of the world

-members became known as the "wobblies" -pioneered creative tactics, and organized along the lines of industrial unionism rather than craft unionism -pursured "one big union" and abolition of the wage system

the almanac singers

-millard lapel, pete seeger, woody guthrie -topical and political music -showed power of song could be more than just for entertainment

james brown

-moved on a continuum of blues and gospel based forms and styles to a rhythmic approach to music making -his touring show was one of most extravagant productions in american popular music

otis redding

-one of the major figures in soul music and rhythm and blues, one of the greatest singers in popular music -helped craft the style of R&B that formed basis of stax sound

the weavers

-pete seeger, ronnie gilbert, lee hays, fred hellekman -political associations in the era of the red scare forced to break up for a couple years

ray charles

-pioneer in the genre of soul music during 1950s -fused rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues styles into his early recordings with atlantic records -helped racially integrate country and pop music with ABC records -

the jackson 5

-publicized their ages as younger than they were -video audition -very few in recording history to have their first 4 major label singles hit the billboard hot 100

marvin gaye

-refused to attend grooming school courses -"i heard it through the grapevine" -one of the few motown artists to write his own material

the hawks

-rick dank, garth hudson, richard manuel, robbie robertson, levon helm

stevie wonder

-signed at 13 -composed songs for himself and others within motown songwriting department -battled berry gordy over issues of creative autonomy

woody guthrie

-singer-songwriter and folk musician -songbooks includes hundreds of political, traditional and children's songs, ballads and improvised works -"this machine kills fascists" on his guitar -"this land is your land"

the byrds

-underwent multiple line up changes -frontman roger mcguinn remained constant -pioneered the musical genre of folk rock, melding the influence of the beatles and other british invasion bands with contemporary and traditional folk music

highway 61 revisited

-used rock band on every track except 1 -shows ability to combine driving, complex, blues based rock music with power of poetry