history of rock 3
this depression era folk singer wore the slogan "this machine kills fascists" on his guitar
woody guthrie
this studio started in 1950s by rick hall, billy sherrill and tom stafford. the studio occupied a former tobacco warehouse in muscle shoals in the early 1960s
FAME
nashville skyline
a year after john wesley harding -very relaxed w/ modest ambitions -singing with a "new voice"
simon and garfunkel parted ways following the bridge over troubled water album. art garfunkel went on to pursue a career in
acting
this album marked the end of what dylan called his "finger-pointing" songs
another side of bob dylan
daughter of a prominent baptist minister and activist. began her singing career in her fathers church and started recording at 14
aretha franklin
ahmet ertegun and herb abramson founded this record label
atlantic
motown was founded by
berry gordy jr.
atlantic records
best known for its many recordings of rhythm and blues, rock and roll, and jazz -brothers nesuhi and ahmet ertegun
first double album in rock music and recorded in nashville with session players
blonde on blonde
the house band on the recordings at stax was
booker T and the MGs
simon and garfunkel's biggest selling album was
bridge over troubled water
the beginning of the work of folk musicologists included the work by john and alan lomax along with
charles seeger
bob dylan album
consisted of familiar folk, blues and gospel material combined with two original compositions -album made little impact
this film director worked twice with Dylan in the 60s. the first film was don't look back. the second was:
eat the document
charles seeger, john and alan lomax
folk Musicologists
woody guthries song "this land is your land" was inspired by this song as performed by kate smith
god bless america
international talent management inc.
gordy created a musical version of the old hollywood studio system. performers were signed, had careers developed and stayed contractually bound for many years
maxine powell and cholly atkins
groomed, dressed and choreographed the acts on the motown label
this dylan album was named for great american arteriole that leads from north to the south and follows mississippi river
highway 61 revisited
motion's main songwriting/production team was
holland-dozier-holland
organized labor began with the formation of this organization
industrial workers of the world (IWW)
berry goody's first hit artist was
jackie wilson
the last group developed by berry gordy jr. in detroit was
jackson five
estelle axton
jim stewart's sister, began financial interest in tax company in 1958
in early 1960s this artist moved to forefront of american folk music revival. her personal convictions- peace, social justice, anti poverty- were reflected in the topical songs she chose
joan baez
bob dylan signed to his first recording contract by
john hammond
following the motorcycle accident, dylan settled into domestic life in woodstock where he and the members of the hawks recorded this set of songs
john wesley harding
dylans first hit single was a long song from highway 61. it went to #2 on charts . it was...
like a rolling stone
this artist was signed by motown in 1961. by the age of 13 he had a major hit, "fingertips pt. 2"
little stevie wonder
there were a variety of causes that led to the great depression. leading cause was:
market speculation
the acts on the motown label were groomed, dressed and choreographed for live performances by these two people
maxine powell and chilly atkins
smokey robinson
miracles lead singer that became vice president of the company
quality control
modeled after his assembly-line days at Lincoln-Mercury -producers had to run their mixers past quality control
this stax artist brought soul music to the 1967 monterey pop festival
otis redding
the primary songwriter in the duo simon and garfunkel was
paul simon
the "bridge" artist who connected the first and second folk music revivals was
pete seeger
the one person who was the link between the almanac singers was
pete seeger
this songwriter is best known as the author or co author of where have all the flowers gone" "if i had a hammer" and "turn turn turn"
pete seeger
albert grossman created this group in 1961 after auditioning several singers in the new york folk scene
peter, paul, and mary
this artist fused rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues style in recordings with atlantic recors
ray charles
this artist was signed in 1952 by atlantic and brought a string of hits
ray charles
after herb abrasmson was drafted, ahmet ertegun recruited jerry wexler, who is credited with coining this term to replace the previously used "race music" in reference to black music
rhythm and blues
bob dylan was born as
robert allen zimmerman
there were two distinct folk music revivals in the 20th century. the first grew out of the tradition from this ethnicity and region:
scots-irish appalachia
booker T and the MG's
shaping the sound of southern soul and memphis soul -booker T jones, steve cropper, donald "duck" dunn, al jackson jr. -house band of stax records -released instrumental records under their own name -one of the most prolific, respected, and imitated of their era
this duo began as tom and jerry in 1957 and had their first success with the minor hit "hey, schoolgirl"
simon and garfunkel
this record company was founded in memphis in 1957 by jim stewart and estelle axton
stax
dylans backup band on the 1965-66 tour was later known as
the Band
this group was less interested in recording than in appearing at union functions and anti war protests
the almanac singers
berry gordy ran motown according to lessons he learned working in this industry
the auto industry
this group formed in LA in 1964 and underwent multiple line up changes throughout its existence, with only frontman roger mcguinn remaining the consistent member
the byrds
the house band at FAME studio was
the funk brothers
the studio band at motown was known as
the funk brothers
the group who backed dylan on his "electric" tour of 1965-66 was
the hawks
the first "hit" group in the second folk music revival was
the kingston trio
this 1963 event featured some of the most influential performers of the time including joan base, bob dylan, peter, paul and josh white
the march on washington for jobs and freedom
the first act signed by berry gordy was the matadors. they changed their name to
the miracles
this group was said to have been as influential to soul as the beatles are to pop and rock
the temptations
the group found themselves blacklisted during the HUAC trials of the mcCarthy era
the weavers
bridge over troubled water
-final studio album -paul simon wrote all tracks except one -followed similar musical patter as bookends and introduced a combo of rock, rhythm and blues, gospel, jazz, world music, pop and other genres
the times are a changin'
-first album of original compositions -stark, sparsely arranged collection of story songs tackling issues of racism, poverty, and social change
the supremes
-first black female performers of rock era to embrace a feminine image -one of the first black musical acts to achieve complete and sustained crossover success
berry gordy jr.
-founded Motown -2 record labels: Tamla records and motown -started as a songwriter for local detroit acts
stay records
-founded by jim stewart in 1957 -early releases were country music, rockabilly records, or straight pop numbers
freewheelin' bob dylan
-gave dylan his fame -officially changed his name between 1st and 2nd album
the funk brothers
-house band on majority of motown recordings
pete seeger
-iconic figure in both american folk music revivals -"where have all the flowers gone?" "if i had a hammer" "turn, turn, turn"
aretha franklin
-includes gospel, jazz, blues, R&B, pop, rock, funk -one of most important popularizers of the soul music genre and is referred to as Queen of soul
1963 march on washington
-mahalia jackson led participants in the song, signaling the unity among the moderate members of the SCLC -performers: marian anderson, joan baez, bob dylan, mahalia jackson, peter, paul and mary, josh white
another side of bob dylan
-marks end of "finger pointing" songs -marks a move from the more socially conscious style of the times they are a changin'
bob dylan
-"robert zimmerman" -signed to columbia records in 1961 -some referred to him as "hammond's folly"
peter, paul, and mary
-albert grossman created group -"lemon tree" "500 miles" "if i had a hammer"
simon and garfunkel
-began as tom & jerry -sometimes had a rocky relationship, resulted in break up -bridge over troubled water was most successful album
the kingston trio
-bob shane, nick reynolds, dave guard -created commercial and mainstream audience for music in the folk tradition
folk music revivals
-came from an aural tradition of performance -brought a new genre of popular music with artists marketed by amplified concerts, recordings and broadcasting
joan baez
-career at 17 -personal convictions: social justice, peace, anti-poverty
blonde on blonde
-compels listeners to take responsibility for their own interpretation -recorded in nashville w/ nashville musicians
bringing it all back home
-cultural "call to arms" -mixed it up with his own sensibility, reading of history, his own life
john wesley harding
-dylan's return to acoustic music and traditional roots -shared many stylistic themes with the basement tapes -showed he was studying the bible more
IWW- industrial workers of the world
-members became known as the "wobblies" -pioneered creative tactics, and organized along the lines of industrial unionism rather than craft unionism -pursured "one big union" and abolition of the wage system
the almanac singers
-millard lapel, pete seeger, woody guthrie -topical and political music -showed power of song could be more than just for entertainment
james brown
-moved on a continuum of blues and gospel based forms and styles to a rhythmic approach to music making -his touring show was one of most extravagant productions in american popular music
otis redding
-one of the major figures in soul music and rhythm and blues, one of the greatest singers in popular music -helped craft the style of R&B that formed basis of stax sound
the weavers
-pete seeger, ronnie gilbert, lee hays, fred hellekman -political associations in the era of the red scare forced to break up for a couple years
ray charles
-pioneer in the genre of soul music during 1950s -fused rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues styles into his early recordings with atlantic records -helped racially integrate country and pop music with ABC records -
the jackson 5
-publicized their ages as younger than they were -video audition -very few in recording history to have their first 4 major label singles hit the billboard hot 100
marvin gaye
-refused to attend grooming school courses -"i heard it through the grapevine" -one of the few motown artists to write his own material
the hawks
-rick dank, garth hudson, richard manuel, robbie robertson, levon helm
stevie wonder
-signed at 13 -composed songs for himself and others within motown songwriting department -battled berry gordy over issues of creative autonomy
woody guthrie
-singer-songwriter and folk musician -songbooks includes hundreds of political, traditional and children's songs, ballads and improvised works -"this machine kills fascists" on his guitar -"this land is your land"
the byrds
-underwent multiple line up changes -frontman roger mcguinn remained constant -pioneered the musical genre of folk rock, melding the influence of the beatles and other british invasion bands with contemporary and traditional folk music
highway 61 revisited
-used rock band on every track except 1 -shows ability to combine driving, complex, blues based rock music with power of poetry