History Unit 4 Multiple Choice
The bloodiest single day in U.S. military history took place in September 1862 at: a. Antietam b. Bull Run c. Fort Sumter d. Shiloh
a. Antietam
Why did Sherman besiege Atlanta? a. Atlanta was the Confederacy's railroad hub, so taking Atlanta would cut southern supply lines. b. Atlanta was the capital of the Confederacy. c. Jefferson Davis had fled Richmond due to Lee's siege there and was in Atlanta. d. Atlanta was on the route of his March to the Sea.
a. Atlanta was the Confederacy's railroad hub, so taking Atlanta would cut southern supply lines.
How did Sherman take Atlanta? a. By abandoning his trenches and storming the city before new Confederate troops could move in. b. By staying safely entrenched until the city was starved out. c. By setting fire to the city. d. By fiercely bombarding the city with cannon until an accidental fire burned it.
a. By abandoning his trenches and storming the city before new Confederate troops could move in.
This famous conductor on the Underground Railroad was known as "Moses" to the hundreds of slaves led to freedom. a. Harriet Tubman b. Sojourner Truth c. William Still d. Martha Wright
a. Harriet Tubman
The Gettysburg Address while only three paragraphs long has been analyzed as historically significant. Which of the following is true of these analyses? a. Historians have shown that prior to November 19, 1863, proper grammar was "the United States are" while after that date people changed to "the United States is." b. In the speech, he declared his intention to seek an amendment banning slavery nationwide. c. The speech contained stirring rhetoric promising full civil rights to African Americans and women. d. The principal purpose of the speech was to bring attention to the victory at Gettysburg and to downplay the great loss of life.
a. Historians have shown that prior to November 19, 1863, proper grammar was "the United States are" while after that date people changed to "the United States is."
The idea of letting Popular Sovereignty decide whether a state would be slave or free led to violence particularly in which territory? a. Kansas b. Nebraska c. California d. Utah
a. Kansas
The massive death tolls in Civil War battles are best understand to flow from: a. Killing technology (defensive) having advanced beyond land taking (offensive) technology. b. The great hatred the two sides had for one another. c. Robert E. Lee's intense dedication to the Confederacy and his unwillingness to surrender. d. Abraham Lincoln's intense dedication to the Union and his unwillingness to compromise.
a. Killing technology (defensive) having advanced beyond land taking (offensive) technology.
All of the following are true of southern secession EXCEPT: a. Lincoln's election meant secession was inevitable since he had called for abolition of slavery nationwide. b. Lincoln had won about 60% of the Electoral College vote and the most popular votes nationally although not a majority. c. South Carolina was the first state to secede as of December 20, 1860. d. Jefferson Davis, a former Senator from Mississippi, was elected President of the Confederate States of America.
a. Lincoln's election meant secession was inevitable since he had called for abolition of slavery nationwide.
What did the KKK and other ex-Confederates call their process of using terror to end Reconstruction and to take back control in the south? a. Redemption d. Restitution c. Deconstruction d. Deliverance
a. Redemption
The epithet ex-Confederates applied to southerners who supported the Republican Party was: a. Scalawags b. Carpetbaggers c. Mugwumps d. Copperheads
a. Scalawags
Which of the following was truly one of the Civil War amendments to the Constitution: a. The 13th amendment abolishing slavery and most other forms of involuntary servitude. b. The 14th amendment prohibiting denial of the vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. c. The 15th amendment including the due process, privileges and immunities, and equal protection clauses. d. The 16th amendment requiring the federal government to safeguard African American rights.
a. The 13th amendment abolishing slavery and most other forms of involuntary servitude.
Which party emerging in the 1850s is correctly connected to its principal ideas? a. The Know-Nothing Party supported nativism and objected to immigrants. b. The Whig Party objected to Jacksonian Democracy preferring a more elite leadership. c. The Free-Soil Party sought the Homestead Act and cheap western land. d. The Republican Party demanded immediate abolition of slavery nationwide.
a. The Know-Nothing Party supported nativism and objected to immigrants.
Clara Barton is often singled out as an important Union nurse during the Civil War, but it was a nongovernmental organization of doctors and charitable women who made the Union death toll among wounded much lower than the Confederate death toll. What was this organization? a. The U.S. Sanitary Commision b. The American Red Cross c. The Doctors Within Union Borders d. The American Hospital Group
a. The U.S. Sanitary Commision
Which of the following was NOT true about the Confederate war effort? a. The state governments gave strong support to the central government. b. The confederate war effort was financed with paper money much more than the Union effort leading to massive inflation. c. To guard against slave insurrections, the Confederacy allowed owners of many slaves to avoid the draft alienating smaller farmers. d. Large regions of Confederate territory saw no fighting at all.
a. The state governments gave strong support to the central government.
Vicksburg can be considered a turning point in the Civil War for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: a. Victory there led to Lincoln giving command of the Army of the Potomac to Sherman. b. Guns from the heights at Vicksburg could cover the Mississippi River and harass Union traffic. c. With the surrender of Vicksburg and Port Hudson five days later, the Union had full control of the Mississippi. d. The combination of the win at Gettysburg on July 3 and Vicksburg on July 4 devastated Confederate manpower and supplies.
a. Victory there led to Lincoln giving command of the Army of the Potomac to Sherman.
Where was Grant while Sherman was making his March to the Sea? a. At Gettysburg b. Besieging Richmond and Petersburg c. Chasing Lee through various battles in Virginia, including Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville d. Protecting Washington, D.C. from Confederate attack
b. Besieging Richmond and Petersburg
The first bloodshed on the battlefield during the Civil War occurred at: a. Antietam b. Bull Run c. Fort Sumter d. Shiloh
b. Bull Run
The epithet ex-Confederates applied to northerners who came south during Reconstruction was: a. Scalawags b. Carpetbaggers c. Mugwumps d. Copperheads
b. Carpetbaggers
Violence on the Senate floor occurred during debate over the effects of the Kansas-Nebraska Act when this man was brutally beaten by a member of the House of Representatives for "impugning the honor" of a South Carolina Senator in a speech? a. Andrew Butler b. Charles Sumner c. Thaddeus Stevens d. Preston Brooks
b. Charles Sumner
All of the following are true of the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision EXCEPT: a. Dred Scott was a slave whose army officer master had taken him to a free territory and a free state. b. Chief Justice Benjamin Curtis began by finding that a slave was property and not a citizen and therefore did not have standing to sue in US court. c. The decision also stated that the due process clause banned Congress from declaring a territory free as such a declaration was a taking of "property." d. The decision very split with only a plurality opinion rather than a majority one and many dissents.
b. Chief Justice Benjamin Curtis began by finding that a slave was property and not a citizen and therefore did not have standing to sue in US court.
Where was Lincoln assassinated? a. On his way into the Capital to make the State of the Union Address. b. During a performance at Ford's Theater. c. While traveling in an open carriage during a victory parade. d. While boarding a train to visit areas of the country devastated by the war.
b. During a performance at Ford's Theater.
Who led the Union Army of the Potomac in 1861-62? a. Ulysses S. Grant b. George McClellan c. Thomas J. Jackson d. Robert E. Lee
b. George McClellan
What reason did Radical Republicans give for impeaching Andrew Johnson? (The grounds for impeachment rather than the real reason for their animosity) a. His program for Reconstruction was much more lenient than the one Lincoln had planned. b. He removed the Secretary of War from office in violation of the Tenure in Office Act. c. He vetoed important Reconstruction legislation including the Civil Rights Act of 1866. d. Johnson plan was to break the planters' power, and Republicans believed they were necessary to the Reconstruction of the South.
b. He removed the Secretary of War from office in violation of the Tenure in Office Act.
All of the following were important in negotiating the Compromise of 1850 EXCEPT: a. Daniel Webster b. John C. Calhoun c. Stephen A. Douglas d. Henry Clay
b. John C. Calhoun
Gettysburg can be considered a turning point in the Civil War for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: a. Lee had tried to press his advantage after winning the Battle of Chancellorsville but suffered a huge defeat at Gettysburg. b. Lee lost key leadership aid with Stonewall Jackson's death as a result of the battle. c. Lee hoped to gain supplies by raiding in Pennsylvania but had to retreat in disorder. d. Lee's hopes to score a great victory in the North and thereby shift public opinion against the war effort failed.
b. Lee lost key leadership aid with Stonewall Jackson's death as a result of the battle.
If Meade's Army of the Potomac was "destroying Confederate hopes" at Gettysburg as the textbook says, why did Lincoln fire Meade and replace him with Grant? a. Lincoln was devastated by the loss of life at Gettysburg and saw Grant as more protective of Union lives given his record in the west. b. Lincoln was angered by Meade allowing Lee to retreat from Gettysburg rather than pursuing and finishing him while he was weakened. c. Grant had shown himself very successful with sieges, while Meade was only successful in open field engagements. d. Grant convinced Lincoln to give him control so he could use a total war method that would crush the Confederacy.
b. Lincoln was angered by Meade allowing Lee to retreat from Gettysburg rather than pursuing and finishing him while he was weakened.
The first Grand Wizard of the KKK was a former Confederate officer who during the Civil War had committed the Fort Pillow Massacre of African American Union Army soldiers who were attempting to surrender. What was his name? a. Charles Sumner b. Nathan Bedford Forrest c. Robert G. Fitzgerald d. Hiram Revels
b. Nathan Bedford Forrest
The last Union troops supporting Reconstruction governments were removed from the south by: a. Andrew Johnson b. Rutherford B. Hayes c. Ulysses S. Grant d. Abraham Lincoln
b. Rutherford B. Hayes
The mortality rate among wounded Union army soldiers was very low during the time period due to the efforts of the men and women of the U.S. Sanitary Commission to bring modern medical practices near the battlefields. Wounded Confederate soldiers had much higher mortality rates, except those under the care of the only woman confirmed to have been given a commission in the Confederate army. She was: a. Clara Barton b. Sally Tompkins c. Mary Chesnut d. Louisa May Alcott
b. Sally Tompkins
It looked like Lincoln would lose the election of 1864, but which big win happened right before the vote? a. Grant took Richmond. b. Sherman took Atlanta. c. Lee surrendered at Appomattox. d. Lee's army was devastated at Gettysburg.
b. Sherman took Atlanta.
Which of the following was truly one of the Civil War amendments to the Constitution: a. The 13th amendment prohibiting denial of the vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. b. The 14th amendment including the due process, privileges and immunities, and equal protection clauses. c. The 15th amendment abolishing slavery and most other forms of involuntary servitude. d. The 16th amendment requiring the federal government to safeguard African American rights.
b. The 14th amendment including the due process, privileges and immunities, and equal protection clauses.
Industrialization differences were important in the early war effort because: a. The Confederacy had mainly cotton textile production. b. The Confederacy lacked armament production such that soldiers had to be supplied guns from dead Union soldiers. c. The Union was able to create a War Production Board that organized the industrial war effort. d. The Union developed iron-clad ships that allowed a blockade of the Confederate ports.
b. The Confederacy lacked armament production such that soldiers had to be supplied guns from dead Union soldiers.
Why were many of the important battles early in the war in the Potomac area (Maryland, Virginia, etc.)? a. Maryland had shown an inclination toward the Confederacy and was contested territory. b. The two capitals of Washington, DC and Richmond were located there. c. As the first states to secede, Virginia was the heartland of the Confederacy. d. Major industrial areas were located there and needed to be conquered.
b. The two capitals of Washington, DC and Richmond were located there.
The various vigilante groups, such as the Knights of the White Camelia, eventually coalesced into the white supremacist Ku Klux Klan. Their true goals included all of the following except: a. the use of terror to prevent African Americans from exercising their political rights. b. the protection of European American women from assault. c. the destruction of the Republican Party in the South. d. the overthrow of duly elected Reconstruction governments.
b. the protection of European American women from assault.
Lincoln's strategy early in the Civil War, helped by the success of Ulysses S. Grant, was: a. to protect Washington, D.C. at all costs. b. to split the Confederacy by controlling the Mississippi River. c. to take New Orleans since it was the South's major port. d. to abolish slavery throughout the United States.
b. to split the Confederacy by controlling the Mississippi River
The turning point of the war occurred in the first few days of July 1863 after which the South really could not win. What occurence(s) made this turning point? a. The Battle of Gettysburg b. The Fall of Atlanta c. A combination of the Battle of Gettysburg and the Fall of Vicksburg d. A combination of the Fall of Atlanta and Sherman's March to the Sea
c. A combination of the Battle of Gettysburg and the Fall of Vicksburg
The Compromise of 1850 was sparked by controversy over admission of which state to the Union? a. Kansas b. Nebraska c. California d. Utah
c. California
Volunteers who led slaves to freedom or hid them on the route of the Underground Railroad were known as: a. Stationers b. Engineers c. Conductors d. Drivers
c. Conductors
All of the following are true of southern secession EXCEPT: a. Lincoln's election was a pretext since he had not called for abolition of slavery and but instead favored no expansion in the territories. b. Lincoln had won about 60% of the Electoral College vote and the most popular votes nationally although not a majority. c. Georgia was the first state to secede as of December 20, 1860. d. Jefferson Davis, a former Senator from Mississippi, was elected President of the Confederate States of America.
c. Georgia was the first state to secede as of December 20, 1860.
All of the following are true of the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision EXCEPT: a. Dred Scott was a slave whose his army officer master had taken him to a free territory and a free state. b. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney began by finding that a slave was property and not a citizen and therefore did not have standing to sue in US court. c. Having found a lack of standing, the Court threw out the case and refrained from commenting on other issues such as the due process clause. d. The decision very split with only a plurality opinion rather than a majority one and many dissents.
c. Having found a lack of standing, the Court threw out the case and refrained from commenting on other issues such as the due process clause.
What was the real reason Radical Republicans impeached Andrew Johnson? (Not the grounds for impeachment but the reason for their animosity) a. His program for Reconstruction was much more lenient than the one Lincoln had planned. b. He removed the Secretary of War from office in violation of the Tenure in Office Act. c. He vetoed important Reconstruction legislation including the Civil Rights Act of 1866. d. Johnson plan was to break the planters' power, and Republicans believed they were necessary to the Reconstruction of the South.
c. He vetoed important Reconstruction legislation including the Civil Rights Act of 1866.
Why did Grant besiege Petersburg? a. He wanted to wear down Lee's troops with a war of attrition since he had superior manpower. b. It was one of the last Confederate holdouts on the Mississippi River. c. It was the railhead for Richmond, so taking it would assure the success of the siege of Richmond. d. He hoped to occupy Lee while Sherman attacked Georgia and South Carolina.
c. It was the railhead for Richmond, so taking it would assure the success of the siege of Richmond.
The main reason support for Reconstruction weakened in the north was: a. Fear of the terror being used by ex-Confederates in the south spreading to the north. b. Recognition that the south was getting all the money for building infrastructure. c. Recession following the Panic of 1873. d. Massive support for Rutherford B. Hayes as President against Samuel J. Tilden.
c. Recession following the Panic of 1873.
Who was the freeborn African American from Delaware, who served in the US Army and Navy during the Civil War, and during Reconstruction came south to work for the Freedman's Bureau to provide education opportunities? a. Charles Sumner b. Nathan Bedford Forrest c. Robert G. Fitzgerald d. Hiram Revels
c. Robert G. Fitzgerald
Which of the following was truly one of the Civil War amendments to the Constitution: a. The 13th amendment including the due process, privileges and immunities, and equal protection clauses. b. The 14th amendment abolishing slavery and most other forms of involuntary servitude. c. The 15th amendment prohibiting denial of the vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. d. The 16th amendment requiring the federal government to safeguard African American rights.
c. The 15th amendment prohibiting denial of the vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Which party emerging in the 1850s is correctly connected to its principal ideas? a. The American Party celebrated the Melting Pot idea of immigration making the US stronger. b. The Whig Party objected to Jacksonian Democracy preferring a more elite leadership. c. The Free-Soil Party sought no extension of slavery into territories acquired from Mexico. d. The Republican Party demanded immediate abolition of slavery nationwide.
c. The Free-Soil Party sought no extension of slavery into territories acquired from Mexico.
The Gettysburg Address while only three paragraphs long has been analyzed as historically significant. Which of the following is true of these analyses? a. In the speech, Lincoln introduced the practice of referring to the United states as a single entity as in "the United States is" rather than "the United State are." b. In the speech, he declared his intention to seek an amendment banning slavery nationwide. c. The speech contained stirring rhetoric reminding Americans of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. d. The principal purpose of the speech was to bring attention to the victory at Gettysburg and to downplay the great loss of life.
c. The speech contained stirring rhetoric reminding Americans of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.
Which president oversaw most of Radical Reconstruction achieving success as long as he was willing to send US troops to support duly-elected Republican governments? a. Andrew Johnson b. Rutherford B. Hayes c. Ulysses S. Grant d. Abraham Lincoln
c. Ulysses S. Grant
Who is known as the "Father of the Underground Railroad"? a. Harriet Tubman b. Frederick Douglass c. William Still d. Thomas Galt
c. William Still
In the North, the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850 was the: a. splitting of Nebraska Territory into Kansas and Nebraska. b. allowing popular sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah territories. c. the Fugitive Slave Act. d. admitting California as a free state.
c. the Fugitive Slave Act
All of the following are true of southern secession EXCEPT: a. Lincoln's election was a pretext since he had not called for abolition of slavery and but instead favored no expansion in the territories. b. Lincoln had won about 60% of the Electoral College vote and the most popular votes nationally although not a majority. c. South Carolina was the first state to secede as of December 20, 1860. d. Andrew Butler, a former Senator from Mississippi, was elected President of the Confederate States of America.
d. Andrew Butler, a former Senator from Mississippi, was elected President of the Confederate States of America.
Where did Lee surrender to Grant? a. Richmond b. Savannah c. Atlanta d. Appomattox
d. Appomattox
How did Sherman convince his superiors to let him do the March to the Sea through Georgia? a. He said that total war and terror were required to convince civilians to demand that Confederate surrender. b. He promised to destroy the railroad hub at Atlanta and cut off Confederate supplies. c. He planned to lure Lee out of Virginia into unfamiliar territory to protect Georgians. d. He offered to sweep a Union army through the heart of the Confederacy to convince the south to surrender.
d. He offered to sweep a Union army through the heart of the Confederacy to convince the south to surrender.
Who was the freeborn, university educated African Methodist Episcopal minister who came to Mississippi during Reconstruction to set up African American churches and schools and then became the first African American to serve in the U.S. Senate? a. Charles Sumner b. Nathan Bedford Forrest c. Robert G. Fitzgerald d. Hiram Revels
d. Hiram Revels
Who commanded Confederate military forces in the region of the Potomac (Maryland, Virginia, etc.)? a. Ulysses S. Grant b. George McClellan c. Thomas J. Jackson d. Robert E. Lee
d. Robert E. Lee
The textbook blamed this two day battle of the Civil War on Grant's failure to dig trenches or set adequate guards resulting in a battlefield Grant described as traversable entirely by stepping on the fallen: a. Antietam b. Bull Run c. Fort Sumter d. Shiloh
d. Shiloh
This man hoped to succeed the Senator known as "the Great Compromiser" and helped complete both The Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act. a. Henry Clay b. Millard Fillmore c. Charles Sumner d. Stephen Douglas
d. Stephen Douglas
Which party emerging in the 1850s is correctly connected to its principal ideas? a. The American Party celebrated the Melting Pot idea of immigration making the US stronger.. b. The Whig Party objected to Jacksonian Democracy preferring a more elite leadership. c. The Free-Soil Party sought the Homestead Act and cheap western land. d. The Republican Party opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act and supported the American System.
d. The Republican Party opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act and supported the American System.
All of the following are true of the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision EXCEPT: a. Dred Scott was a slave whose army officer master had taken him to a free territory and a free state. b. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney began by finding that a slave was property and not a citizen and therefore did not have standing to sue in US court. c. The decision also stated that the due process clause banned Congress from declaring a territory free as such a declaration was a taking of "property." d. The decision was almost unanimous with only two strong dissenters.
d. The decision was almost unanimous with only two strong dissenters.
The Gettysburg Address while only three paragraphs long has been analyzed as historically significant. Which of the following is true of these analyses? a. In the speech, Lincoln introduced the practice of referring to the United states as a single entity as in "the United States is" rather than "the United State are." b. In the speech, he declared his intention to seek an amendment banning slavery nationwide. c. The speech contained stirring rhetoric promising full civil rights to African Americans and women. d. The principal purpose of the speech was to acknowledge the great sacrifices the soldiers had made and were making to preserve the Union.
d. The principal purpose of the speech was to acknowledge the great sacrifices the soldiers had made and were making to preserve the Union.
The main reason Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation was: a. To end slavery in the U.S. b. To end slavery in the Confederate States. c. To protect "contrabands" from being re-enslaved. d. To convince the Confederacy to end the rebellion so they could keep their slaves.
d. To convince the Confederacy to end the rebellion so they could keep their slaves.
The Emancipation Proclamation: a. Took the nation by surprise on January 1, 1963. b. Was written by Lincoln prior to his election as part of his belief that slavery must be abolished. c. Freed all slaves in the Confederacy. d. Was explained by Lincoln in an interview with Horace Greeley as not Lincoln's first choice.
d. Was explained by Lincoln in an interview with Horace Greeley as not Lincoln's first choice.
The South overestimated the importance in foreign relations of what? a. jealousy of northern industrial competition. b. respect for property rights. c. respect for aristocratic-led governments. d. demand for raw cotton in British textile mills.
d. demand for raw cotton in British textile mills.
