Homework 1 & 2 (Chapters 2 & 3)

The presence of adaptions in living things is often seen as evidence for natural selection. Which of the following best describes why? Choose all that apply. (a) Adaptations are viewed as being the result of selection. (b) Adaptations are selected for because they enhance the fitness of a living thing. (c) Adaptations support that living things can force themselves to acquire traits to survive and adapt to their environment (d) Frequencies of adaptions in a population will change as environments change

A, B, D

A Mendelian trait is determined by a single locus with two alleles, one dominant over the other and that results in two phenotypes in the population. True/False

True

Artificial selection works more rapidly than natural selection T/F

True

According to the Greco-Roman tradition, time is (a) Linear (b) cyclical (c) punctuated (d) always decreasing

cyclical

______ is a change in genetic composition (allele frequencies) of a population due to a random sampling event. (a) genetic drift (b) genetic float (c) gene flow (d) genetic shift

genetic drift

Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck hypothesized the following mechanisms brought about change over time. Which mechanism was the least correct? a) all organisms have needs b) needs lead to different habitual behaviors c) there is a differential use of body parts d) theory of use and disuse e) inheritance of acquired traits will be passed down to offspring

inheritance of acquired traits will be passed down to offspring

If a population exists where no selection occurs from generation to generation, you can assume that (a) no alleles are more beneficial than any others (b) food sharing occurs among all members of the population (c) the population has experienced genetic drift (d) there are a lot of mutations in the gene pool

no alleles are more beneficial than any others

According to the principles of the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, allele and genotype frequencies don't change between generations if 5 assumptions are true. Which of the following is NOT one of these assumptions? (a) no mutation (b) no resource competition (c) random mating (d) large population (e) no selection

no resource competition

Which of the following is NOT a component of the theory of evolution by natural selection? (a) organisms can will themselves to develop beneficial traits (b) there is biological variation within all species (c) natural resources, especially food, are limited (d) survival is not random

organisms can will themselves to develop beneficial traits

_______are large molecules that are made up of smaller building blocks called _______. (a) amino acids; proteins (b) proteins; carbohydrates (c) amino acids; peptides (d) proteins; amino acids

proteins; amino acids