How the Brain Processes Visual Information

Cortical area ____ appears to be where conscious visual perception occurs.​

V1

Astigmatism refers to the ____.​

asymmetric curvature of eyes

What is the shape of the receptive field to which a simple cell in the primary visual cortex responds?​

bar in a particular orientation.

Parvocellular neurons most likely receive input from ____.​

bipolar cells that receive input from cones

What type of cell responds to a pattern of light in a particular orientation anywhere within its large receptive field, regardless of the exact location of the stimulus?​

complex

Which cell responds most strongly to a stimulus moving perpendicular to its axis?​

complex

____ cells axons make up the optic nerve.​

ganglion

Branches of the optic nerve go directly to what areas of the brain?​

lateral geniculate and super colliculis.

Cutting the left optic nerve in front of the optic chiasm would result in blindness in the ____.​

left eye

Being able to detect fine details of a color painting would depend most on which type of ganglion cells?​

parvocellular

The ____ of any neuron in the visual system is the area of the visual field that excites or inhibits it.​

receptive field

In depth perception, different views are received by each eye, depending on the distance of the object being viewed. What is this called?​

retinal disparity

Stereoscopic depth perception requires the brain to detect ____.​

retinal disparity

lateral geniculate nucleus is part of the

thalamus

Blindsight

the ability to respond in limited ways to visual information without perceiving it consciously.

retinal disparity

the discrepancy between what the left and right eyes see.

The primary visual cortex sends its information ____.​

to area V2

Where does the optic nerve send most of its information?​

to the lateral geniculate

What would be the likely outcome of a person who was blind at birth, and had vision restored later in life by the removal of cataracts (clouded lenses)?​

trouble describing the shapes of objects

The one additional feature that hypercomplex cells have that complex cells do not is that hypercomplex cells ____.​

​have a strong inhibitory area at one end of its receptive field

The ability to detect movement better than color in our peripheral vision is largely due to ____.​

​magnocellular neurons in the periphery