HRLR 211 Exam 2

What are the three components to servant leadership?

1. Antecedent Conditions 2. Servant Leader Behaviors 3. Outcomes

What are the factors that influence Authentic leadership?

1. Confidence 2. Hope 3. Optimism 4. Resilience

What are the antecedent conditions of servant leadership?

1. Context and Culture: the nature of these affects the way servant leadership is carried out. 2. Leader Attributes: the qualities and disposition of the leader influence the servant leadership process 3. Follower Receptivity: a factor that appears to influence the impact of servant leadership on outcomes such as personal and organizational job performances

What are the transactional factors of the full range model of leadership?

1. Contingent Reward: an exchange process between leaders and followers in which effort by followers is exchanged for specified rewards. 2. Management-by-Exception: leadership that involves corrective criticism, negative feedback, and negative reinforcement

What are the disadvantages of ethical leadership?

1. Early stage of development and therefore lacks evidence to substantiate it 2. Relies primarily on writings of just a few people which have a strong influence of personal opinions

What are the outcomes of servant leadership?

1. Follower performance and growth: leader behaviors focus on recognizing followers' contributions and helping them realize their human potential 2. Organizational Performance: follower behaviors go beyond the basic requirements of their duties and help the overall functioning of the organization 3. Societal Impact: positive impact on society

What are the strengths of ethical leadership?

1. High demand for moral leadership today 2. Ought to be considered as an integral part of the broader domain of leadership 3. Highlights several principles that are important to the development of ethical leadership

What are the transformational factors of the full range model of leadership?

1. Idealized Influence- act as strong role models for followers 2. Inspirational motivation- leaders who communicate high expectations to followers 3. Intellectual Stimulation- leadership that stimulates followers to be creative and innovative and to challenge their own beliefs and values as well as those of the leader and the organization 4. Individualized consideration-leaders who provide a supportive climate in which they listen carefully to the individual needs of followers

What are the three perspectives on authentic leadership?

1. Intrapersonal Perspective: focuses closely on the leader and what goes on within the leader. 2. Interpersonal Perspective: leadership is relational, created by leaders and followers together 3. Developmental Perspective: something that can be nurtured in a leader, rather than as a fixed trait.

What are the weaknesses of transformational leadership?

1. Lacks conceptual clarity 2. How it is measured 3. Treats leadership as a personality trait or personal predisposition rather than a behavior that people can learn 4. Researchers have not established if it is actually able to transform individuals and organizations 5. Elitist and antidemocratic 6. Potential to be abused

What are the strengths to servant leadership?

1. Makes altruism the central component 2. Provides a counterintuitive and provocative approach to the use of influence, or power, in leadership. 3. There are conditions under which servant leadership is not a preferred kind of leadership 4. Recent research has resulted in a sound measure

What are the weaknesses of authentic leadership?

1. Not fully substantiated 2. Moral component not fully explained 3. Researchers have questioned whether positive psychological capacities should be included as components of authentic leadership 4. Not clear how authentic leadership results in positive organizational outcomes

What are the 5 principles of ethical leadership?

1. Respects Others 2. Serves Others 3. Shows Justice 4. Manifests Honesty 5. Builds Community

What are the four components to Academic Model/Theoretical approach to Authentic Leadership?

1. Self-Awareness 2. Internalized moral perspectives 3. Balanced Processing 4. Relational Transparency

What are the weaknesses of servant leadership?

1. The paradoxical nature of the title diminishes the potential value of the approach. 2. Debate among servant leadership scholars regarding the core dimensions of the process. 3. A large segment of the writing on servant leadership has a prescriptive overtone that implies that good leaders "put others first" 4. It is unclear why "conceptualizing" is included as one of the servant leadership behaviors in the model of servant leadership

What are the strengths of authentic leadership?

1. Trustworthy Leadership 2. Broad guidelines for individuals who want to become authentic leaders 3. Explicit moral dimension 4. Authentic values and behaviors can be developed in leaders over time 5. Can be measured using Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ)

What are the strengths of transformational leadership?

1. Widely researched 2. Intuitive appeal 3. treats leadership as a process that occurs between followers and leaders. 4. Provides a broader view of leadership that augments other leadership models 5. Strong emphasis on followers' needs, values, and morals. 6. Evidence that it is an effective form of leadership

Which researcher extended House's work on transformational leadership?

Bass extended House's work by giving more attention to the emotional elements and origins of charisma and by suggesting that charisma is a necessary but not sufficient condition for transformational leadership

What is pseudotransformational leadership?

Coined by Bass, this term refers to leaders who are self-consumed, exploitive, and power oriented with warped moral values. Focuses on the leaders interests instead of the views or interests of others.

What is the toxic triangle?

Destructive leaders, Susceptible Followers, Conducive Environments

What theories can we use to evaluate leadership ethics?

If a leader is working through conduct or character. Do they present a high level of egoism or altruism?

What is Greenleaf's definition of leadership?

Leaders place the good of followers over their own self-interests and emphasize follower development.

What is the first level of Kohlberg's Stages of development?

Level 1: Preconventional Morality- Reasoning based on self-interest, avoiding punishment, and rewards Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange

What is the Nonleadership factor of the full range model of leadership?

Laissez-Faire: represents the absence of leadership. The leader takes a "hands-off, let-things-ride" approach. Leader gives no feedback, makes little effort to help followers grow, and no exchange with followers

What is the dark side of leadership?

Leaders are destructive and toxic and use leadership for personal ends

What is George's practical approach to authentic leadership?

Leaders demonstrate five basic characteristics: 1. They understand their purpose 2. They have strong values about the right thing to do 3. They establish trusting relationships with others 4. They demonstrate self-discipline and act on their values 5. They are passionate about their mission

What is the second level of Kohlberg's Stages of development?

Level 2: Conventional Morality: Reasoning based on society's views and expectations Stage 3: Interpersonal accord and conformity Stage 4: Maintaining the Social Order

What is the third level of Kohlberg's Stages of development?

Level 3: PostConventional Morality: Reasoning based on conscience and creating a just society Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights Stage 6: Universal Principles

What is Kohlberg's stages model of moral development?

Model created from presenting children a series of dilemmas who he then interviewed about the reasoning behind their choices regarding the dilemmas.

What is ethical theory?

Provides a system of rules or principles that guide us in making decisions about what is right or wrong and good or bad in a particular situation.

Which of the three components of servant leadership is core?

Servant Leadership: holds the seven behaviors that measure servant leadership. Seven behaviors include Conceptualizing, emotional healing, putting followers first, helping followers grow and succeed, behave ethically, empower, and create value for the community.

What is the Academic Model for Authentic leadership?

Study of authenticity of leaders studied due to the widespread corruption and instability in the United States

What is the best measure of servant leadership according to Greenleaf?

The best test is to see if those being served grow as persons. Do they grow to become healthier, wiser, freer, more likely themselves to become servants.

What situation and who does transformational leadership benefit?

This model focuses more on the followers' rather than leaders and can be applied to situations in which the outcomes are not positive.

How does the transformation approach to leadership work?

This approach describes how leaders can initiate, develop, and carry out significant changes in organizations. The leaders set out to empower followers. Results in people feeling better about themselves and their contributions to the greater common good.

Why is servant leadership a paradox?

This form of leadership is a paradox because it runs counter to common sense of leadership because in this approach the leaders both serves and influences the followers.

What situation and who does transactional leadership benefit?

This model is the exchange of value between leaders and followers to advance both the leaders and followers agendas. This model works because it is best for the followers to do what the leader wants.

What leadership factors are included in the continuum of leadership?

Transformation Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Laissez-Faire Leadership