Human Anatomy Chapter 1

The following statements are true concerning serosae

-pleurae are the serosa covering the lungs -peritoneum is the serosa covering abdominal organs -visceral serosa covers organs directly

If you wanted to see a section through both lungs at the same time, you could make a cut in the _____ or the ____ plane.

Coronal; transverse

Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

Diaphragm

Which of the following is true regarding the anatomical position?

Directional terminology refers to the body in this position

An example of a tissue in the body is

Epithelium

This branch of anatomy explores how organs and body structures work and assesses the efficiency of their design

Functional morphology

This is the study of the body structures that can be examined with the naked eye. Bones, lungs, and muscles for example

Gross anatomy

This is the study of microscopic structures including cells, tissues, and microscopic details of organs

Histology

This branch of anatomy studies internal body structures by means of MRI, sonography, and other imaging techniques

Radiographic anatomy

This is the study of shapes and landmarks that reveal underlying organs

Surface anatomy

Identify the membranes that line the cavity surrounding the lungs

parietal and visceral pleura

A coronal section through the human body can

pass though both ears

bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum

pelvic cavity

Muscle fibers are cells that contain actin, myosin, and other accessory proteins. When these cells are connected together, they can all function as a unit, carrying out the shortening capabilities of muscle. When multiple cells with a similar function come together, it is an example of the ______

Tissue level

The proximal convoluted tubule is a structure within the kidney nephron that plays a significant role in the reabsorption of important products that have been filtered from the blood. One of the key features of this structure is its lining. The cells that line the tubule are responsible for the transport of substances across the membrane. These cells and their collective efforts would be an example of which of the following levels?

Tissue level

lung

pleural cavity

The area of the lower limb that refers to the posterior side of the knee is the ____ region

popliteal

The knee is _____ to the foot

proximal

the femoral region is _____ to the plantar region

proximal

Which abdominal quadrants is the stomach located

right upper quadrant and left upper quadrant

The chest is _____ to the abdomen

superior

The gluteal region is ____ to the popliteal region

superior

The lip is _____ to the chin

superior

The pelvic cavity contains

the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs

as an anatomical region, lumbar refers to

the inferno-medial aspect of the back

An example of an organ is

the intestine

Which statement concerning the anatomical position is FALSE?

the person is lying down, as straight as possible

The popliteal region is

the posterior surface of the knee

What is the function of serous membranes

they reduce friction so that viscera move freely

The _____ is the proximal region of the lower limb

thigh

The femoral region is the

thigh

The ____ cavity contains the heart and lungs

thoracic

The body region containing the axillary, sternal, and mammary regions is the

thorax

The smallest living unit is

a cell

digestive viscera and kidneys

abdominal cavity

Someone studying anatomy using the systemic approach could study _______

all digestive organs

A histologist examines a specimen that has an epithelium overlying some smooth muscle. This specimen is part of

an organ

All of the following refer to regions of the upper limb

ante brachial, polled, olecranal, carpal

The umbilical region is ____ to the lumbar region

anterior

The axillary artery is found in the region of the

armpit

Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and other organelles compartmentalized into a single structure by phospholipids, forming a single functional unit

cellular level

neurons

cellular level

Which of the following terms indicates the neck region

cervical

carbon, hydrogen, and phosphate coming together to form the phospholipids of a cellular membrane

chemical level

neurotransmitters

chemical level

a frontal plane is the same as a ____ plane

coronal

The words anatomy and dissection both derive from the Greek word meaning

cut apart

Bones lie ____ to muscles

deep

Muscles are ____ to the skin

deep

The brain is ____ to the skull

deep

Parietal peritoneum covers the ____

deep surface of the wall of the abdominal cavity

which branch of anatomy studies the structural changes that occur as one ages?

developmental anatomy

The ankle lies ____ to the thigh

distal

The ____ body cavity contains the brain

dorsal

The dorsal body cavity ___.

encloses the brain and spinal cord

In anatomical position, the palms of the hands face medially towards the thighs

false

The inguinal region is located _____ to the umbilical region

inferior

The axillary region is ____ to the sternum

lateral

The thumb is _____ to the index finger

lateral

The middle finger is _____ to the index finger

medial

Another name for the midsagittal plane is

median

heart, esophagus, and trachea

mediastinum

What point or structure in the body is located farthest laterally?

tip of thumb

A thin layer of cells that collectively form the lining of the lungs to allow for the diffusion of gases

tissue level

Neurons and neuroglial cells

tissues level

A cross section is the same as a

transverse plane

Serous cavities include the pleural cavity

true

The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into a cranial cavity and a cerebral cavity

true

The peritoneal cavity is a serous cavity

true

When many molecules come together to form organelles that become compartmentalized into a single structure that works as a unit, you have an example of the ______.

Cellular level

Oxygen and hydrogen combine with one another to form water; this is an example of the ______ of organization.

Chemical level

Knowledge of this branch of anatomy helps one understand the complex design of the adult human body and helps to explain birth defects

Embryology

The right nostril and right ear are _____

Ipsilateral

What is the purpose of the serous fluid that is located between visceral and parietal serosa?

It allows organs to slide with little friction against each other

The roots of anatomical terminology lie mainly in

Latin and Greek

Brain

organ level

Cardiac muscle, connective tissue, and endothelial cells all collecting together to form the human heart

organ level

The small intestine contains the epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. The combination of these different tissue types to form one discrete structure is an example of the _____

organ level

The tibia, which is made of connective tissue and nervous tissue

organ level

The pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and other hormone-producing organs all work together to help the body send hormones through the blood stream and respond to internal changes. This is an example of the

organ system level

brain combined with spinal cord and spinal nerves

organ system level

composed of thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

ventral body cavity

spinal cord

vertebral cavity