Human Anatomy Test 2

Which of the following contribute to the limitation of movement of a joint?

All of the answers are correct

When contraction occurs

All these answers are correct

What is the mechanism of marrow cavity enlargement in a long bone?

As bone matrix is added to the external surface, osteoclasts remove matrix in the center of the bone to enlarge the cavity

Why are skeletal muscles called voluntary?

The individual can make a conscious decision to contract these muscles

True or False? Diarthosis is associated with synovial

True

What is the process of macrophages removing the debris of damaged axons?

Wallerian degeneration

True or false concerning fiber tracts in the spinal cord? The tracts are randomly located with respect to the type of information carried.

False

How does an epiphysis contribute to the growth and function of a long bone?

It allows growth at the metaphysis while retaining the shape of the articular surface

Who loves Blake??

MEAGAN!

he dark staining area of a sarcomere is the

A band

The two types of osseous tissue are

spongy and compact bone

The narrow space just inside the dura mater that is seen in the histological preparations is called the ____________ ________

subdural space

What is a major function of the skeletal system?

support of the body

A joint that holds skull bones together is called a(n)

suture

The type of joint formed by the epiphyseal cartilages is called a

synchondrosis

The correct classification for the articulation of the distal ends of the tibia and fibula is

syndesmosis

A joint that permits free movement is called a(n)

synovial joint

A long bone increases in length until

the epiphyseal cartilage becomes ossified

The sliding mechanism of myofilaments works when

the myosin heads of the thick filaments bind to active sites of the thin filaments

The structural classification of a neuron is based upon

the number of processes that project from the cell body

The cervical spinal cord supplies...

the shoulder girdle and upper limb

Components of the central nervous system (CNS) include

the spinal cord and the brain

Which of the following regions of the spinal cord follows typical segmenting without mixing roots?

thoracic

Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony spines called

trabculae

A nerve impulse triggers events at a synapse or junction that...

transfer information either to another neuron or to an effector cell

Perforating canals (canals of Volkmann) do what?

transmit blood vessels to osteons in spongy bone

Which of the following associations is the shoulder

triaxialball and socket

Actinin can be found at the

Z line

The meshwork of elastic fibers that make the arachnoid mater and look "webby" are (the)

arachnoid trabeculae

Due to lack of use, a muscle will lose size, tone, and power through the process of ________

atrophy

The portion of a neuron that carries info in the form of a nerve impulse is called the

axon

The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains...

axons of motor neurons

An inhibitory response makes an action potential a. more likely b. less likely c. no different d. all of the above e. none of the above

b. less likely

Pathways leading from the receptors to the CNS are called

both afferent and sensory pathways

The attachment of a muscle to a bone is called a(n)

capsule

The type of muscle found in the heart?

cardiac muscle

A symphysis is a classification of a _______________ _________

cartilaginous joint

Drawing a large circle of a chalkboard is possible by means of ____________________ at the shoulder joint

circumduction

Layers of bone that go all the way around a bone are referred to as ______________ ___________

circumferential lamellae

The body surface region monitored by a specific pair of spinal nerves is called (a)

dermatome

The largest muscle fiber type is

fast fibers

What fills in space created when bones move and the joint cavity changes?

fat pad

The ulnar nerve receives sensory information from the

fifth digit of the hand

Axons crossing over the cord pass through the

gray commissure

The spinal nerves enter and exit the vertebral canal through the ______________ _____________

intervertebral foramen

Ligaments inside of a joint capsule are called

intracapsular

The structure that surrounds a diarthrotic joint is called a(n)

joint capsule

What movement occurs when the vertebral column bends to the side?

lateral flexion

What would occur if all of the glial cells of the nervous system were destroyed?

less than 20 percent of the cells of the nervous system would remain

Structures that connect bone to bone are called

ligaments

An accessory structure of a joint that subdivides a synovial cavity, channels the flow of synovial fluid, or allows for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces is a

meniscus

A joint that permits free movement in only one direction is a(n)

monaxial joint

What are the muscle structures from the smallest to largest in diameter? a. myofibril, fascicle, muscle fiber, muscle b. muscle fiber, myofibril, fascicle, muscle c. myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle d. muscle fiber, fascicle, myofibril, muscle

myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle

The structures within the muscle fiber that shorten to cause skeletal muscle fiber contraction are (the)

myofibrils

The surface of the brain is called the

neural cortex

The outermost covering of a myelinated axon is called (the)

neurolemma

Areas of gray matter in the inferior of the CNS form larger groups called _________

nuclei

A bone cell that produces new bone matrix is a(n)

osteoblast

Loss of sensation and motor control of the lower limbs is called

paraplegia

Functions of the peripheral nervous system include

providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems

Pronation and supination occurs at the

proximal radioulnar joint

Smooth muscles are primarily used to

push substances through tubes

Where are red blood cells produced?

red bone marrow

What is the correct order of mixing in the brachial plexus? a. root, cord, division, trunk, peripheral nerves b. root, trunk, division, cord, peripheral nerves c. peripheral nerves, root, cord, trunk, division d. peripheral nerves, cord, root, division trunk

root, trunk. division, cord, peripheral nerves

A type of joint that makes humans unique is the

saddle joint

The patella is what type of bone?

sesamoid

A skeletal muscle's blood supply is generally best described as

very good

In the skeletal system, compact bone is located

where bones are most heavily stressed

Types of synapses include which of the following

all of these answers are correct

Pathways that connect the CNS with effector are

all the answers are correct

What characteristic of muscle tissue allows it to respond to a stimulation?

excitability

The pia mater is the a. inner most of the meninges b. outer most of the meninges c. middle of the meninges d. school song

a. inner most layer of the meninges

Over 50 different neurotransmitters have been identified, but the best known is

acetylcholine

A movement toward the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is

adduction

During endochondral bone formation

all of the answers are correct

Which of the following describes a central canal?

all of the answers are correct

Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle?

all of the answers are correct

The spinal meninges function to

all of these answers are correct

The layers of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle from the inside to the outside in correct order are

endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium

Which neuroglia produces cerebrospinal fluid

ependymal cells

Osseous tissue is classified as which type of tissue?

epithelial tissue