Human Anatomy Test 2
Which of the following contribute to the limitation of movement of a joint?
All of the answers are correct
When contraction occurs
All these answers are correct
What is the mechanism of marrow cavity enlargement in a long bone?
As bone matrix is added to the external surface, osteoclasts remove matrix in the center of the bone to enlarge the cavity
Why are skeletal muscles called voluntary?
The individual can make a conscious decision to contract these muscles
True or False? Diarthosis is associated with synovial
True
What is the process of macrophages removing the debris of damaged axons?
Wallerian degeneration
True or false concerning fiber tracts in the spinal cord? The tracts are randomly located with respect to the type of information carried.
False
How does an epiphysis contribute to the growth and function of a long bone?
It allows growth at the metaphysis while retaining the shape of the articular surface
Who loves Blake??
MEAGAN!
he dark staining area of a sarcomere is the
A band
The two types of osseous tissue are
spongy and compact bone
The narrow space just inside the dura mater that is seen in the histological preparations is called the ____________ ________
subdural space
What is a major function of the skeletal system?
support of the body
A joint that holds skull bones together is called a(n)
suture
The type of joint formed by the epiphyseal cartilages is called a
synchondrosis
The correct classification for the articulation of the distal ends of the tibia and fibula is
syndesmosis
A joint that permits free movement is called a(n)
synovial joint
A long bone increases in length until
the epiphyseal cartilage becomes ossified
The sliding mechanism of myofilaments works when
the myosin heads of the thick filaments bind to active sites of the thin filaments
The structural classification of a neuron is based upon
the number of processes that project from the cell body
The cervical spinal cord supplies...
the shoulder girdle and upper limb
Components of the central nervous system (CNS) include
the spinal cord and the brain
Which of the following regions of the spinal cord follows typical segmenting without mixing roots?
thoracic
Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony spines called
trabculae
A nerve impulse triggers events at a synapse or junction that...
transfer information either to another neuron or to an effector cell
Perforating canals (canals of Volkmann) do what?
transmit blood vessels to osteons in spongy bone
Which of the following associations is the shoulder
triaxialball and socket
Actinin can be found at the
Z line
The meshwork of elastic fibers that make the arachnoid mater and look "webby" are (the)
arachnoid trabeculae
Due to lack of use, a muscle will lose size, tone, and power through the process of ________
atrophy
The portion of a neuron that carries info in the form of a nerve impulse is called the
axon
The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains...
axons of motor neurons
An inhibitory response makes an action potential a. more likely b. less likely c. no different d. all of the above e. none of the above
b. less likely
Pathways leading from the receptors to the CNS are called
both afferent and sensory pathways
The attachment of a muscle to a bone is called a(n)
capsule
The type of muscle found in the heart?
cardiac muscle
A symphysis is a classification of a _______________ _________
cartilaginous joint
Drawing a large circle of a chalkboard is possible by means of ____________________ at the shoulder joint
circumduction
Layers of bone that go all the way around a bone are referred to as ______________ ___________
circumferential lamellae
The body surface region monitored by a specific pair of spinal nerves is called (a)
dermatome
The largest muscle fiber type is
fast fibers
What fills in space created when bones move and the joint cavity changes?
fat pad
The ulnar nerve receives sensory information from the
fifth digit of the hand
Axons crossing over the cord pass through the
gray commissure
The spinal nerves enter and exit the vertebral canal through the ______________ _____________
intervertebral foramen
Ligaments inside of a joint capsule are called
intracapsular
The structure that surrounds a diarthrotic joint is called a(n)
joint capsule
What movement occurs when the vertebral column bends to the side?
lateral flexion
What would occur if all of the glial cells of the nervous system were destroyed?
less than 20 percent of the cells of the nervous system would remain
Structures that connect bone to bone are called
ligaments
An accessory structure of a joint that subdivides a synovial cavity, channels the flow of synovial fluid, or allows for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces is a
meniscus
A joint that permits free movement in only one direction is a(n)
monaxial joint
What are the muscle structures from the smallest to largest in diameter? a. myofibril, fascicle, muscle fiber, muscle b. muscle fiber, myofibril, fascicle, muscle c. myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle d. muscle fiber, fascicle, myofibril, muscle
myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle
The structures within the muscle fiber that shorten to cause skeletal muscle fiber contraction are (the)
myofibrils
The surface of the brain is called the
neural cortex
The outermost covering of a myelinated axon is called (the)
neurolemma
Areas of gray matter in the inferior of the CNS form larger groups called _________
nuclei
A bone cell that produces new bone matrix is a(n)
osteoblast
Loss of sensation and motor control of the lower limbs is called
paraplegia
Functions of the peripheral nervous system include
providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems
Pronation and supination occurs at the
proximal radioulnar joint
Smooth muscles are primarily used to
push substances through tubes
Where are red blood cells produced?
red bone marrow
What is the correct order of mixing in the brachial plexus? a. root, cord, division, trunk, peripheral nerves b. root, trunk, division, cord, peripheral nerves c. peripheral nerves, root, cord, trunk, division d. peripheral nerves, cord, root, division trunk
root, trunk. division, cord, peripheral nerves
A type of joint that makes humans unique is the
saddle joint
The patella is what type of bone?
sesamoid
A skeletal muscle's blood supply is generally best described as
very good
In the skeletal system, compact bone is located
where bones are most heavily stressed
Types of synapses include which of the following
all of these answers are correct
Pathways that connect the CNS with effector are
all the answers are correct
What characteristic of muscle tissue allows it to respond to a stimulation?
excitability
The pia mater is the a. inner most of the meninges b. outer most of the meninges c. middle of the meninges d. school song
a. inner most layer of the meninges
Over 50 different neurotransmitters have been identified, but the best known is
acetylcholine
A movement toward the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is
adduction
During endochondral bone formation
all of the answers are correct
Which of the following describes a central canal?
all of the answers are correct
Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle?
all of the answers are correct
The spinal meninges function to
all of these answers are correct
The layers of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle from the inside to the outside in correct order are
endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium
Which neuroglia produces cerebrospinal fluid
ependymal cells
Osseous tissue is classified as which type of tissue?
epithelial tissue