Human Biology Exam #4 Review for Ch. 11, 12, 14

The following is a list of structure in the eye through which light passes. Which one of the following answers best describes the order in which light passes through or hits each structure? 1. lens 2. pupil 3. cornea 4. aqueous humor 5. retina

3, 4, 2, 1, 5

Myelinated axons are the major component of

White Matter

Which major digestive process involves nutrient molecules passing across the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract into the blood or lymph?

absorption

Which of these is NOT a form of color blindness that is tested for using Ishihara's test?

blue color blindness

Which one of the following conditions results when the transparency of the lens decreases?

cataracts

The large intestine starts with the _____ and ends with the ____.

cecum; anus

The coordination necessary for a musician to play the piano depends on control exerted by the

cerebellum

The watery mixture of partially digested food produced in the stomach is called

chyme

The process by which undigested material is removed from the gastrointestinal tract is

elimination

This part of the brain shrinks as we get older which is why older people sometimes have trouble planning, making decisions, and controlling impulses (you know how grandma always tells you exactly what is on her mind!).

frontal lobe

An insufficient number of particular types of cones causes

impaired color vision

Which of the following regulates the amount of light entering the eye?

iris

Which statement about the blood brain barrier is FALSE?

it is made of capillaries covered in special neuroglial cells

Which statement about how cocaine affects the brain is TRUE?

it prevents neurons from taking up dopamine

Nearsightedness and farsightedness are caused by the

length of the eyeball

What part of th eye is surrounded by a muscle that moves it slightly to focus on images? It is this part of the eye that becomes less flexible as we age.

lens

All of the following are associated with storage of long-term memory except

limbic system

This part of the brain is where emotions and memories originate.

limbic system

Bile is produced by the ________ and stored in the ________.

liver; gall bladder

To what part of the brain is the spinal cord attached?

medulla oblongata

Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating the heart and respiratory rates and blood pressure?

medulla oblongata

If you drilled a hole in the skull, the first thing you would find is the

meninges

The main thing in the nervous system that is affected by psychoactive drugs is

neurotransmitters

Sound is amplified by components of the middle ear when they vibrate. When the stapes vibrates it in turn causes the ____ to vibrate.

oval window

Which of the following conditions is often caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori?

peptic ulcer

The vitreous humor fills the main chamber of the eye. Which one of the following structures of the eye would vitreous humor come in direct contact with?

retina

This phenomena involves the peeling of the retina away from the choroid and is a medical emergency.

retinal detachment

Some viruses can infect the ear and cause vertigo or dizziness. What part of the ear do you think is most likely affected by these viruses?

semicircular canals

Which one of the following structures is used to sense rotational movement of the head and body?

semicircular canals

The digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates is completed in the

small intestine

Nutrient-rich blood moves from the small intestine to the liver via

the hepatic portal system.

What part of the brain will stimulate muscles to kick out the right leg?

the left side of the primary motor area of the cerebrum

When a sound wave first arrives at the ear, the wave is directed toward the auditory canal by

the pinna