Human Growth and Development Final

Eric is concerned about his adolescent son's tendency to get upset when even mildly provoked. Eric says that his son refuses to see reason sometimes and seems unable to exercise much self-control. As a specialist in the development of adolescents, you would tell Eric that his son's behavior could partly be explained by the biological reason that:

the amygdala matures earlier than the prefrontal cortex in adolescents

Which of the following MOST resembles the grieving process?

A roller coaster ride of emotions

Gisela is suffering from a condition that involves thickening of the lens of her eyes. This causes her vision to become cloudy or distorted. Identify the condition that Gisela is suffering from

Cataracts

According to Erik Erikson, during the _____ stage, adolescents are faced with deciding who they are, what they are all about, and where they are going in life

identity versus identity confusion

In the United States today, the majority of deaths occur:

in institutions or hospitals

Caring for a disabled spouse while reporting caregiver strain is most associated with

increased anxiety and lower physical well-being

According to Erikson, the _____ stage of development involves reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one's life has not been well spent

integrity vs. despair

_____ are the most noticeable changes in physical appearance in late adulthood

Wrinkles and age spots

Most of the highest-paying occupations require:

a college degree

There has been _____ in the number of cohabiting U.S. couples in recent decades

a dramatic increase

Stan, a middle-aged man, rarely gets more than five hours of sleep a night. Stan is at risk for:

a weakening of his immune system

Adolescent cognition is often characterized by improvements in all of the following except:

ability to engage in realistic thinking over idealistic thinking

According to a recent study, binge drinking peaks at:

21 to 22 years of age

By the end of high school, it is estimated that more than _______ of adolescents have experienced sexual intercourse at least once, though it is hard to be certain of the proportion because of the sensitivity and privacy of the information

50%

Ada knows that she has liver cancer and will not live much longer. In her prayers, she asks God to let her live one more year, and she will promise to set everything right with her family and loved ones. Which of Kübler-Ross' stages of dying is Ada currently in?

Bargaining

Which of the following is MOST typical of the vision-related issues faced by middle-aged persons?

Difficulty viewing close objects

Which of the following statements about the relationship between semantic memory and aging is TRUE?

Episodic memory declines more than semantic memory in older adults

_____ thinkers develop hypotheses about ways to solve problems and then systematically deduce the best path to follow to solve the problem

Formal operational

Which of the following is the most likely benefit in parent-adolescent conflict?

Helping adolescents learn to compromise

An adult in middle age will do most POORLY on which of the following tasks?

Hitting the brakes of a car when the light suddenly turns red

Fifteen-year-old Juanita wants to skip school today because she is having a bad hair day and is convinced that everybody will notice and think badly of her. Which aspect of adolescent egocentrism is Juanita experiencing?

Imaginary audience

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages occurs during early adulthood, after individuals are well on their way to establishing stable and successful identities?

Intimacy versus isolation

_____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live

Life expectancy

Identify the way in which young adults think differently from adolescents

The thinking of young adults is more reflective

Which of the following is NOT part of palliative care?

Trying to cure the patient of an illness

A(n) _____ states such preferences as whether life-sustaining procedures should or should not be used to prolong the life of an individual when death is imminent

advance directive

Older adults not being hired for new jobs and being eased out of old ones because they are perceived as too rigid or feeble-minded and are not considered cost effective are examples of:

ageism

The main causes of death in middle adulthood in the United States are:

chronic diseases

Individuals whose identity status can be described as identity _____ are undecided about occupational and ideological choices, and they are also likely to show little interest in such matters

diffusion

Puberty:

ends long before adolescence does

Gina is MOST likely to experience disenfranchised grief if her _____ dies

ex-husband

Saeko has commited herself to the continuation and improvement of society as a whole through her connection with their children and grandchildren. According to Erikson, she is:

generative

A man in his mid-forties is MOST likely to notice:

joint stiffness

Middle adulthood is referred to as the sandwich generation because:

middle-aged adults may have to care for their own adolescent children as well as their elderly parents

Basilio sustained severe and irreversible brain damage due to an accidental overdose of insulin. His wife and his children decided to remove the life-support system, and Basilio subsequently died. This is an example of:

passive euthanasia

The Seattle Longitudinal Study concluded that middle age is a time of:

peak performance for verbal ability

For older adults, social support is linked to a(n):

reduction in symptoms of disease

Secure attachment to parents during childhood correlates with:

secure attachment to romantic partners in adulthood

Emerging adulthood is a time frame during which most individuals are:

sexually active and unmarried

Older adults have more difficulty determining the time required to step on the brakes when a traffic light suddenly turns red. This is because they have:

slower perceptual speed

Now that Benita is in late adulthood, the socioemotional selectivity theory predicts that she will:

spend most of her time with familiar friends

The lessening of physical abilities is a common complaint among:

the just-turned thirties

Piaget stressed that young adults are more quantitatively advanced in their thinking than adolescents because:

they have more knowledge