Human Nutrition Chapter 4 quiz review

fat

If a diet does not provide adequate carbohydrates to meet immediate energy needs, the body compensates by altering its metabolism of other nutrients. Insufficient dietary carbohydrates can lead to elevated levels of ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are the byproducts of partial breakdown of

aspartame.

Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) should avoid

45% to 65%

The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that Americans consume ______ of their total calories from carbohydrates.

blood glucose

The glycemic index (GI) is a measurement of how a carbohydrate-containing food raises

insulin

The hormone _______ is released from the pancreas when blood glucose is elevated above a normal range.

muscles and liver

The major storage sites for glycogen are the

fructose, glucose, and galactose.

The monosaccharides important in nutrition are

carbohydrate

The red blood cells and brain are two body tissues that derive most of their energy from

maltose

disaccharide

large intestine

houses bacteria that ferment soluble fiber

galactose

monosaccharide

dextrose

Glucose is also known as

extreme thirst and excessive urination.

The symptoms of diabetes may occur suddenly and may include

fiber

cellulose

liver

converts most fructose and galactose to glucose

amylose

starch

dietary fiber

Adequate intakes of ______ may play a role in the prevention of colon cancer

white flour, de-germed cornmeal, white bread, and white rice.

Examples of refined grain products include

oral bacteria produce acids that dissolve tooth enamel when they metabolize sugars.

Excessive sugar intake is related to development of dental caries because

danielle and wanda

For a person to be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, he or she must have at least three of five specific risk factors for cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Click to select the cases below that meet the criteria for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome.

203 to 293 grams of carbohydrate per day

Larry is a 39-year-old male who is overweight. He is working with a registered dietitian nutritionist, and she has recommended an 1,800-kcal diet for gradual weight loss. Larry wants to ensure he is obtaining enough carbohydrate to meet his energy needs. If Larry follows an 1,800-kcal diet and wants to achieve the recommended 45% to 65% of his total calories from carbohydrate, how many grams of carbohydrate per day should he be eating?

ketones

When too little dietary carbohydrate is available to meet energy needs, ______ arise as byproducts of partial fat metabolism.

Broccoli

Which of the following foods is the best source of insoluble (nonfermentable) fiber?

Milk shakes made with skim milk

Which of the following will most likely cause symptoms in a person with lactose intolerance?

stomch

acid inactivates carbohydrate-digesting enzymes

small intestine

produces maltase, lactase, and sucrase

pancreas

produces pancreatic amylase, insulin, and glucagon

Mouth

produces salivary amylase

pancreas mouth small intestine

select the parts of the digestive system that produce enzymes to digest carbohydrates.