Human skeletal system part 2
Ribs
12 ribs connected to vertebrae. The ribs, false ribs, floating ribs
Thoracic vertebrae
12 thoracic vertebrae
Ilium
Largest part of the vocal bone
Fibula
Lateral (away from midline) to the tibia and stabilizes ankle
Ischium
Most inferior part of the coxal
Function of vertebrae
Protect spinal cord, support rib cage, attaches to pelvis
Bones of the lower limb
Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges
Fontanelles
Fibrous membranes connecting the cranial bones allowing the brain to grow. Converts to bone within 24 months after born
Sternum
Flat, blade shaped bone composted of three bones: manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Patella
Triangular bone that protects the knee joint
Phalanges
Toes
Iliac crest
Top of the ilium
Forearm
Two bones: radius and ulna
Hip bones Protect several organs
Reproductive system, urinary bladderX and part of the large intestine
2 parts of body
Axial (skull, vertebral column, and rib cage) and appendicular (bones of arms and legs, shoulders, and pelvis)
Female pelvis
Wider pelvis, broad hips, pelvic cavity is shallow, bones are lighter, and pubic arch is wider
Maxilla
2 bones that form the upper jaw
Zygomatic bones
2 cheek bones
How many bones in the adult human body
206; divided into 2 parts
Tarsal bones
Ankle, heel, supports weight of body
Pubis
Anterior part of coxal bone
False ribs
Attach to the sternum by cartilage
Pectoral girdle
Bones allow upper limbs to have exceptionally free movement. Composed of 4 bones (2 clavicle- collarbones and 2 scapulae- shoulder blade)
Bones of cranium (skull)
Bones attached to immovable joints called sutures: 1 frontal, 2 parietal, 1 occipital, 2 temporal, 1 sphenoid, 1 ethmoind
Hand
Carpal (wrist) metacarpals (palm) phalanges (fingers)
Names of vertebrae
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
Axial skeleton
Divided into three parts (skull, vertebral column, and rib cage)
Floating ribs
Do not attach to the sternum
Upper arm
Formed by a single bone: humerus
Rib cage
Forms a cage to protect major organs (24 total 12 on each side)
Nasal bone
Forms bridge of the noise
Bones of the pelvic girdle
Hip bones made of 2 coxal (hip bones), sacrum, coccyx
Bones of upper limb
Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Coxal bone is made of
Ilium, iliac crest, ischium, pubis, and pubic symphasis
Xiphoid process
Inferior and smallest portion of the sternum attachment site of diaphragm
Mandible
Lower jaw. Only moveable bone of the skull containing tooth sockets for 16 teeth
Male pelvis
Not as wide, pelvic cavity is funnel shaped, heavier bones, pubic arch is wider
Appendicular system
Pectoral girdle, limbs, pelvic girdle
True ribs
Ribs that connect directly to the sternum
Vertebrae
Separated by intervertebral discs. Spine has 4 normal curvatures
Tibia
Shin bone, medial (towards the fibula), and thicker (bears wear of femur)
Metatarsals
Sole or instep
Femur
Thigh bone, strongest and longest bone of body
The skull
Two sets of bones: cranium and facial bones. Only the mandible is attached by a freely moveable joint. Protects brain
Pubic symphasis
Where the two pubic bones meet
