Humanities C100 1st set

Which American patriotic song had its roots in the Romantic period? a) "Yankee Doodle Dandy" b) "This Land is your Land" c) "Star-Spangled Banner" d) "God Bless America"

c) "Star-Spangled Banner" See 5.15. Adapted from a poem written in 1814, "The Star-Spangled Banner" was adopted by the U.S. Congress in 1931 as the official national anthem.

Which of the following statements would a Deist philosopher during the Enlightenment subscribe to? a) A Deist would believe that God is one's constant companion and personal savior. b) A Deist would believe that the existence of God cannot be proven through human reason. c) A Deist would believe that God created the universe and decreed its order. d) A Deist would believe that God has a personal plan for each human being.

c) A Deist would believe that God created the universe and decreed its order. . See 4.08. A Deist would believe that God created the universe, but that he does not interfere with the order he created.

How does the Neoclassical Period influence contemporary culture? a) The religious view of Deism developed in the Neoclassical Period continues to be widely accepted today. b) Neoclassical art's emphasis on order and clarity continue to be key themes of contemporary art in the Postmodern Period. c) Contemporary political satire, including shows like The Daily Show, traces its roots to the use of political satire in the Neoclassical Period. d) The opulent sets and costumes of today's theatre stand in stark contrast to the spare, simplistic trappings of Neoclassical theatre.

c) Contemporary political satire, including shows like The Daily Show, traces its roots to the use of political satire in the Neoclassical Period. See 4.16. Satires were popular in the Neoclassical Period and continue to be used for didactic purposes.

Which of the following philosophical approaches relies on direct observation and experimentation? a) Epicureanism b) Rationalism c) Empiricism d) Utilitarianism

c) Empiricism See 4.05. Empiricism uses direct observation and experimentation to obtain knowledge.

Who wrote the satirical essay, In Praise of Folly, which criticized the corruption and abuses of Catholic doctrine in parts of the Roman Catholic Church? a) Machiavelli b) Aristotle c) Erasmus d) da Vinci

c) Erasmus 3.08. "Erasmus's best-known work was In Praise of Folly, a satirical essay that criticized corruption and abuses of Catholic doctrine in parts of the Roman Catholic Church."

What was the goal of the Encyclopédie? a. To record new scientific discoveries b. To publicize the works of aspiring artists c. To collect human knowledge in one place

c. To collect human knowledge in one place The Encyclopédie was a project started by French writers and thinkers to collect human knowledge in one place.

Daguerreotypes were.... a. an early type of Realist painting. b. an early type of Realist writing. c. an early type of Realist photography. d. an early type of Realist print-making

c. an early type of Realist photography. Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre invented an early type of photographic process that became popular in the 1850s.

Mozart's Le Nozze De Figaro is a(n) _________________. a. concerto b. symphony c. opera d. sonata

c. opera Le Nozze de Figaro is an opera that Mozart composed in collaboration with the famous librettist, Lorenzo Da Ponte.

Which of the following is a function of art? a) Art can assist in physical and emotional healing. b) Art can be used to enable commerce in advertising products and services. c) Art provides aesthetic pleasure. d) All of the above

d) All of the above All of these are functions of art; in addition to these, art also offers political and social commentary, and art can create historical artifacts from a specific time or place.

Why is architecture considered an art? a) Because architecture provides shelter to humans b) Because architecture is often decorated with art forms c) Because architects use perspective in their work d) Because architecture is concerned with the aesthetic effect of structures in their environment

d) Because architecture is concerned with the aesthetic effect of structures in their environment The correct answer is d. Architecture is considered an art because it is concerned with the aesthetic effect of structures in their surrounding environment.

Which of the following is NOT an example of Cultural Exchange in the Renaissance? a) The expansion of trade routes by sea allowed spices, gems, and silk to arrive from Asia. b) The Moorish instrument "rabab" influenced the Spanish viola de gamba c) African artists influenced European sculptors with their carved ivory. d) Egyptian idiograms influenced European sculptors with their symmetrical forms.

d) Egyptian idiograms influenced European sculptors with their symmetrical forms. See section 3.15 for information about the importance of Silk Road, the development of the Spanish viola da gamba, and presence of carved ivory in the Renaissance period.

Which of the following signaled the shift from agriculture-based economy to one centered around industrialization, mechanized labor, and urbanization? a) American Revolution b) French Revolution c) English Revolution d) Industrial Revolution

d) Industrial Revolution From the middle of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century, Europe, and especially Britain, saw tremendous industrial growth as a result of advances in technology and science, which became known as the Industrial Revolution.

If the musical notation staccato instructs the bassoons and flutes in The Clock Symphony to set a tone similar to the "tick-tock" of Big Ben, we can infer that staccato means... Choose only one answer below. a. altern a. alternating between loud and soft notes b. short, detached notes c. connecting the notes together fluidly d. quickly alternating between notes.

b. short, detached notes The term staccato indicates that the notes should be short and separated, like the ticking of a clock.

Argued that women were capable of rationality and advocated for the advancement and education of women. Jean-Jacques Rousseau Denis Diderot John Locke Mary Wollstonecraft

Mary Wollstonecraft

Classical music is more focused on polyphony and ornamentation than music from the Baroque Period. True False?

. False This statement is false. Classical music is more focused on balance, order, and structural clarity than the music from the Baroque Period. It features a more homophonic texture, which elevated shorter, more lyrical melodies over slower, more chordal harmonic progressions.

According to Dr. Paula Carabell, the painting The Death of Marat likens Marat to which historical figure? a. Christ b. Zeus c. Socrates d. Caesar

a. Christ Correct. In the painting, The Death of Marat, David depicts Marat's lifeless body with its head leaned back and his arm forward—a posture that, at the time, was well-known to represent Christ.

The impact of technology on the Humanities is an example of how chronology is important for understanding the Humanities. True or False? a. True b. False

a. True Studying the Humanities chronologically is important for understanding what technologies came into play at what time.

Worked with Jean le Rond d'Alembert to create the Encyclopédie. Jean-Jacques Rousseau Denis Diderot John Locke Mary Wollstonecraft

Denis Diderot

Hamlet *This play explores death as a theme in a very different way than the ancient Greeks and Romans did. *Mirroring is a prominent theme.

Doctor Faustus *Written by Marlowe Uses allegory. *Strongly reflects *Reformation beliefs.

The hero is often both larger-than-life and relatably human. True or False? a. True b. False

a. True The hero embodies two somewhat contradictory elements: someone who is larger-than-life and someone who is like each of us. We can admire the hero and enjoy hearing stories about him because he can do things we cannot.

The fact that ancient Greeks studied rhythm underscores their belief that music was divine and powerful. True False

False This statement is false. The ancient Greeks studied rhythm and the relationship between notes because they believed that music and mathematics had an important connection.

The Age of Enlightenment is also known as the Age of Expansion. True False

False This is a false statement. The Age of Enlightenment is also known as the Age of Reason.

The contrapposto sculpture design codified by Polykleitos consists of a figure with both arms straight down to the side, complete frontality, and both knees locked. True False

False This statement is false. Polykleitos's contrapposto style consists of a figure who is standing with one straight leg opposite a bent arm and a bent leg opposite a straight arm. It is the Kouros figure, which was based on Egyptian sculpture, that features the straight arms, frontality, and locked knees.

The Socratic Method involves one person leading a discussion and providing answers to all lines of questioning. True False?

False This statement is false. The Socratic Method involves constant questioning; one person poses a question, and the answers to that initial question lead to more questions, with the pattern continuing until a truth is revealed.

The pre-Socratic philosophers focused on mythology when making inquiries into the physical nature of the world. True False

False This statement is false. These pre-Socratic philosophers anchored their work in reason and truth rather than mythology.

The ancient Greeks borrowed the alphabet of the Egyptians to imitate their mythological creatures and artistic motifs. True False

False This statement is false. Though the ancient Greeks did imitate Egyptian mythology, they borrowed the alphabet of the Phoenicians, a Middle Eastern civilization, in order to write down their own language.

Realist plays tended to rely on soliloquies and asides to give the audience insight into what characters are thinking. True False

False Correct. This is a false statement. Soliloquies were common in drama prior to the Realist Period. Realist plays used real everyday language, conversation, and cadence to reveal true feelings of characters.

. During the Enlightenment, literature from the Middle Ages formed the foundation of education and intellectual standards. True False?

False? This is a false statement. During the Enlightenment, Roman literature and Greek philosophical and ethical systems formed the foundation of education and intellectual standards. Classics were of particular significance in molding the revolutionary thinking of the Enlightenment.

The first text to be printed on a printing press in England was The Canterbury Tales. True or False? a. True b. False

a. True The printing press came to England in 1476, and the first text to be printed was The Canterbury Tales.

Which of the following statements best illustrates Renaissance humanism's stress on engagement with the world? a. Man is the measure of all things. b. Men can do all things if they will. c. The whole glory of man lies in activity. d. The ends justify the means.

c. "The whole glory of man lies in activity." The correct answer is c. This statement captures Renaissance humanism's stress on engagement with the world.

Believed that a person is at his or her best in wholly natural environments and is corrupted by the environments of society. Jean-Jacques Rousseau Denis Diderot John Locke Mary Wollstonecraft

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Published Two Treatises of Government, which paved the way for modern forms of democracy. Jean-Jacques Rousseau Denis Diderot John Locke Mary Wollstonecraft

John Locke

Which form of poetry became the dominant form of Greek poetry beginning in the 6th century BCE? a. Epic b. Free verse c. Lyric

c. Lyric Beginning in the 6th century BCE the dominant form of Greek poetry shifted from the epic to the lyric.

Which of the following is an example of a "Renaissance man or woman"? a) A well-read person who models their life on the pursuits and interests of Leonardo da Vinci. b) A successful business person who plays the clarinet, rides horses competitively, and publishes articles on scientific and artistic topics. c) A doctor who sacrifices all other aspects of his life to become the top performer in his field. d) A politician who does everything in his power to come to office, no matter how unethical his decisions become.

See section 3.16. "[Renaissance person] refers to someone who has multiple talents in various disciplines, who has mastered classical and contemporary languages and feels at home in various cultures—and not necessarily Western cultures only."

Which of the following life stressors may have influenced the mood and tone of Mozart's Symphony No. 40 in G minor? a. his wife's ailments b. negative reviews from critics c. his descent into deafness d. all of the above

a. his wife's ailments Mozart's wife's ill health put a serious strain on him and, coupled with a decline in popularity and his father's death, may have contributed to the dischordant, frantic tone of the piece.

Japanese woodblock prints generally depicted which of the following? Choose only one answer below. a. Christian subjects with a sense of drama and emotion b. everyday urban life c. the Industrial Revolution d. grotesque, heroic figures

b. everyday urban life Japanese woodblock prints, which contained flat, unmodulated colors, lines, and extensive use of empty space, depicted subject matter drawn from everyday urban life as well as landscapes.

Which of the following works was inspired by the decorative art of the Art Nouveau age? a. The Gross Clinic b. The Peacock Skirt c. Dance at the Moulin de la Galette

b. The Peacock Skirt Aubrey Beardsley's The Peacock Skirt was inspired by the decorative art of the Art Nouveau age. This is one of Beardsley's best-known illustrations

The word "republic" comes from the Latin phrase "res publica," which means "rule by the people." True False

This statement is false. The Latin phrase "res publica" means "public thing," or "public government." The Greek word "demokratia" means "rule by the people," which is where the English word "democracy" comes from.

Buddhism originated from the regions of what is now northeast India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. True False

True Buddhism was one of the first religions to expand along the Silk Road; traders from the regions of northeast India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan set up shrines along the road, so they could practice their religion away from home.

One of Plato's most famous philosophical works is The Republic, which features the Allegory of the Cave. True False?

True Plato's Allegory of the Cave is one of the most well-known examples of philosophical thought. It suggests that most people cannot see the world as it is.

In his painting Napoleon in the Pest House at Jaffa , Antoine Jean Gros portrays Napoleon as _________. Choose only one answer below.. a. a tyrant b. a healer c. a noble soldier

b. a healer Antoine Jean Gros' painting portrayed Napoleon as a healer, even though in reality, Napoleon had ordered that the sick men in his troops be poisoned to avoid having to return to pick them up.

The term for selfless love of one person for another on a spiritual level is ________. a. eros b. agape c. phileo d. None of the above

b. agape The term for selfless love of one person for another on a spiritual level is agape.

Greek architecture was based on which structure? a) post-and-lintel b) the arch c) concrete d) the tunnel

a) post-and-lintel Greek construction was based on post-and-lintel, two upright supports with a horizontal beam across.

Roman engineering allowed the __________ to have the largest single span dome for centuries. a) the Pantheon b) the Colosseum c) the Parthenon d) the Temple of Athena Nike

a) the Pantheon

Which sentence best describes Transcendentalism? a) A rejection of Empiricism and an emphasis on nature as a source of inspiration. b) A rejection of sentiment and an emphasis on religious beliefs and doctrines. c) A rejection of reason and an emphasis on the classical ideals of balance. d) A rejection of classicism and an emphasis on humanism.

a) A rejection of Empiricism and an emphasis on nature as a source of inspiration. See 5.08. Transcendentalists looked to nature as a source of inspiration.

How was Humanism reflected in the nonwestern world? a) Ancient Chinese culture embraced principles in Confucianism and Buddhism that mirrored Humanist principles. b) Expeditions to the North and South poles expanded Humanist ideology to the most remote points of the globe. c) The nonwestern world struggled to compete with advancements in math, language and philosophy that flourished in Ancient Greece. d) Trade routes in the Far East enabled the exchange of goods and commerce similar to what was occurring in the West.

a) Ancient Chinese culture embraced principles in Confucianism and Buddhism that mirrored Humanist principles. See Section 1.15: "...humanism was never an intellectual heritage or pattern exclusive to the West. History instructs us that a humanist tradition also emerged in the nonwestern world. Ancient China's culture, for example, reflected perspectives from Confucianism and Buddhism that were not unlike those found in Western humanism."

Which of the following aspects of life today are directly influenced by the Classical Period? (Choose 2). a) Democracy b) Globalization c) U.S. National Monuments d) Free verse poetry e) Performance art

a) Democracy c) U.S. National Monuments See section 2.16. The Classical Period influences both the American political system and American federal architecture.

The Greek building most revered for its use of ratio and perspective is _________. a) the Parthenon b) the Pantheon c) the Forum d) the Temple of Athena Nike

a) the Parthenon The Greek building most revered for its use of ratio and perspective is the Parthenon.

Which of the following types of cultural exchange took place during the Classical Period? a) Greece and Rome's proximity to the Mediterranean Sea facilitated the exchange of goods and ideas with other civilizations. b) The Silk Road provided access to Asia, allowing Eastern religions such as Buddhism and Daoism to filter into Europe along with goods. c) Pilgrimages by Greeks and Romans to religious sites in the East brought back important religious artifacts and ideas.

a) Greece and Rome's proximity to the Mediterranean Sea facilitated the exchange of goods and ideas with other civilizations. b) The Silk Road provided access to Asia, allowing Eastern religions such as Buddhism and Daoism to filter into Europe along with goods. . The Mediterranean Sea is known as the hub of western civilization because it facilitated the exchange of goods and ideas in southern Europe, western Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. The Silk Road carried religious beliefs as well as goods between the East and the West.

Which of the following themes is found in multiple historical periods? a) Individualism b) Globalization c) Humility d) Exoticism

a) Individualism See Section 1.07: "There are three themes that affected not just a single period; they are powerful enough that they have, historically, required revisiting and reimagining. These themes, individualism, revolution, and classicism, tell us something about the values central to the Western world."

How do the visual art and architecture of Greece and Rome differ (choose 2)? a) Much of the sculpture in Greece was focused on honoring deities and elevating the human form while Rome used art predominantly to glorify the Roman Empire. b) Greek and Roman art and architecture used artistic motifs that originated in Egyptian art and architecture. c) The art and architecture of Greece and Rome were extremely similar, so differences are minor and inconsequential. d) The art and architecture of Greece and Rome developed separately, so they share little in common. e) The Greeks relied on post-and-lintel construction, and the Romans developed the use of columns and arches to design larger buildings.

a) Much of the sculpture in Greece was focused on honoring deities and elevating the human form while Rome used art predominantly to glorify the Roman Empire. e) The Greeks relied on post-and-lintel construction, and the Romans developed the use of columns and arches to design larger buildings.

Which of the following is an innovation during the Classical Period that was based on balance and reason? a) The development of Western philosophy and the ideas that underlie the modern scientific method. b) The development of the first system of universities, which are still important today. c) Advances made in architecture such as pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. d) Advances made in ballet, with the codification of standard positions and moves.

a) The development of Western philosophy and the ideas that underlie the modern scientific method. The ancient Greeks developed many key ideas in both philosophy and science.

How does the following speech from Shakespeare's Hamlet reflect the themes of the Renaissance? "What a piece of work is a man! How noble in reason, how infinite in faculty! In form and moving how express and admirable! In action how like an Angel! In apprehension how like a god! The beauty of the world! The paragon of animals!" a) The speech reflects the values of humanism by emphasizing the power of learning and an individual's use of it. b) The speech compares humanity to the gods in order to show our equality to the pantheon. c) The speech is made by the character Hamlet whose name indicates the high value placed on opulence and personal wealth in the Renaissance. d) The speech describes men as the greatest of animals in order to emphasize the Renaissance's innovation of scientific study of nature.

a) The speech reflects the values of humanism by emphasizing the power of learning and an individual's use of it. See section 3.09. "The dominant Renaissance cultural and intellectual movement was classical humanism, which emphasized the worth, dignity, and rationality of man.

How do the themes of the Romantic Period contrast with the themes of the Neoclassical Period? (select 2) a) The themes of the Romantic Period are influenced by revolution and nationalism whereas the themes of the Neoclassical Period are influenced by advancements in science, philosophy, and politics. b) The themes of the Romantic Period reflect a fascination with exoticism and the Gothic whereas the themes of the Neoclassical Period reflect the opulence of the Counter Reformation movement. c) The themes of the Romantic Period are influenced by Counter Reformation movement whereas the themes of the Neoclassical Period are influenced by the power of nature to both inspire and destroy. d) The themes of the Romantic Period reflect the importance of nature as a source of wisdom and beauty whereas the themes of the Neoclassical Period reflect a rational and scientific exploration of the nature.

a) The themes of the Romantic Period are influenced by revolution and nationalism whereas the themes of the Neoclassical Period are influenced by advancements in science, philosophy, and politics. d) The themes of the Romantic Period reflect the importance of nature as a source of wisdom and beauty whereas the themes of the Neoclassical Period reflect a rational and scientific exploration of the nature. See 5.05, 5.06, 4.05 and 4.06. The themes of the Romantic Period are influenced by the many revolutions of the time as well, as a sense of nationalism. They also reflect the importance of nature as a force of inspiration and source of wisdom and beauty. On the other hand, the Neoclassical Period was driven by advancements related to reason and science.

Which of the following literary devices were popular during the Renaissance?(Choose Two) Your Answer a) a. Soliloquy, in which a character speaks aloud to himself on stage, giving the audience access to his inner thoughts. b) Metaphysical conceit, which is is an elaborate metaphor that compares two dissimilar things. c) c. Stream-of-consciousness, which is an associative type of narration that attempts to replicate the workings of a character's mind. d) Blank verse, which is poetic verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

a) a. Soliloquy, in which a character speaks aloud to himself on stage, giving the audience access to his inner thoughts. d) Blank verse, which is poetic verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. See section 3.11. Renaissance works employed complex language and literary devices to convey their themes. Shakespeare used blank verse as well as soliloquy to enhance the aesthetic interest and drama of his works.

The Bayeux Tapestry's depiction of the Norman Conquest of England fulfills which purpose of art? a) Art enabling commerce. b) Art as political propaganda. c) Art illuminating the spiritual. d) Art offering new perspectives.

b) Art as political propaganda. "For example, The Bayeux Tapestry from the Middle Ages functioned as political propaganda when it was created (and still does today)."

Which musical technique popular in the Romantic period is still used in contemporary music today? a) Motif b) Chromaticism c) Consonance d) Assonance

b) Chromaticism See 5.15. Chromaticism is the movement or displacement of notes by a half-step, which results in music that sounds emotionally unsettled. This musical technique is still used in the present day.

Romantic architecture in England revived the ______ movement. a) Realist b) Gothic c) Neoclassical d) Baroque

b) Gothic Romantic architecture began the Gothic Revival movement in England. The movement featured homes with Gothic veneers and churches and public buildings built as Gothic structures.

How can art function beyond its merely aesthetic value? a) It provides galleries and museums with new exhibits. b) It can act as political and social commentary, serve as an artifact of culture, and provide enjoyment. c) It is something experienced only for its beauty. d) It does not have a utilitarian or practical value.

b) It can act as political and social commentary, serve as an artifact of culture, and provide enjoyment. Art functions as political and social commentary, as an artifact of culture, and as a device or object for enjoyment.

How does the painting Saturn Devouring his Son (1819-1823) by Francisco de Goya exemplify the characteristics of Romantic art? a) It employs strictly realistic techniques to depict a mythical narrative. b) It draws upon myth to explore irrationality, superstition, and the dark side of artistic creativity. c) It glorifies a mythical character and depicts him in the role of a classic Byronic hero. d) It uses a dark and muted color palette, which is a main characteristic of Romantic painting.

b) It draws upon myth to explore irrationality, superstition, and the dark side of artistic creativity. See 5.11. The painting by Goya epitomizes the Romantic preoccupation with the gothic themes of horror, fear, mystery, and the supernatural.

How is Leonardo's Mona Lisa representative of Renaissance painting? a) It reflects an idealized, distantly spiritual human form. b) It treats its subject with realistic detail and perspective. c) It employs opulent decoration and embellishment to awe the viewer. d) It treats nature as a fallen world in need of a redeemer.

b) It treats its subject with realistic detail and perspective. See section 3.13. "There were several notable artistic innovations in Renaissance art, as artists pursued greater realism in their work. Renaissance paintings reflect careful observation of the natural world, particularly the human body. Artists painstakingly studied human anatomy and how the human eye perceives distance and space."

Which of the following figures is an English Romantic poet? a) Friedrich Nietzsche b) Percy Bysshe Shelley c) Herman Melville d) Frederick Douglass

b) Percy Bysshe Shelley Percy Bysshe Shelley is considered one of the founding figures of the British Romantic movement. His poems include "Ode to the West Wind" (1819), which highlights the power of nature, and "Ozymandias" (1817), which details the perspective of an Egyptian King.

Logic, aesthetics, and epistemology are all branches of which of the following? a) Religion b) Philosophy c) Music d) Architecture

b) Philosophy The main branches of philosophy include metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, aesthetics, logic, and philosophy of the mind. Philosophy's object is the pursuit of wisdom about the nature of these matters.

How does art from the Renaissance illustrate cultural exchange and diversity? (Choose 2) a) The simplicity and realism of visual art showed a desire for open and honest communication between nations. b) Renaissance artists such as the glassmakers in Italy received inspiration from Muslim artisanal glassware. c) Carved ivory from Africa was featured in the homes of European royalty during the Renaissance. d) The invention of the printing press during the Renaissance allowed for innovative interdisciplinary expression, combining print-making with poetry.

b) Renaissance artists such as the glassmakers in Italy received inspiration from Muslim artisanal glassware. c) Carved ivory from Africa was featured in the homes of European royalty during the Renaissance. See 3.15. Renaissance artists were inspired by Muslim glassware and carved ivory from Africa was prized by European royalty.

Which musical fragments were dedicated to the god Apollo and are among the earliest examples of written music? a) Gregorian Chant b) The Delphic Hymns c) The Chorus d) The Lysistrata

b) The Delphic Hymns Music was an integral part of Greek celebrations, including athletic competitions. These hymns honor the god Apollo and reflect polytheism in the period.

________ is an example of a profound event in the Romantic Period that had an impact on a country's national identity. a) The rise of the Catholic Church b) The French Revolution c) The Enlightenment d) The development of opera

b) The French Revolution The French Revolution is an example of a profound event during the Romantic Period that had an impact on France's national identity.

What is the primary difference between Greek and Roman societies? a) The Greeks were primarily agricultural village-dwellers, while the Romans were urban cosmopolitans. b) The Greeks lived in democratically-run city-states while the Romans had a larger centralized republic and eventually empire. c) Greek society centered around outdoor plays while Roman society focused on music and poetry. d) The Greeks worshipped a pantheon of mythological gods while the Romans were primarily monotheistic.

b) The Greeks lived in democratically-run city-states while the Romans had a larger centralized republic and eventually empire. . See sections 2.05 and 2.06. Athens, a Greek city-state, developed the first democracy whereby citizens could vote on the laws and public offices directly. Rome originated as a small city-state; it grew into a world empire and followed a republican form of government.

Which of the following is true of architecture during the Romantic period? (select 2) a) The architects of the Romantic Period moved away from the grand and ornate styles of the Baroque Period and returned to classical forms. b) The architects of the Romantic Period embraced the Gothic Revival, a movement celebrating the religiosity of older Gothic buildings. c) The architects of the Romantic Period experimented with different building materials, such as iron, steel, and glass. d) The architects of the Romantic Period looked to Greek and Roman art for models of harmony, idealized realism, and reason. e) The architects of the Romantic Period developed the flying buttress, allowing their buildings to soar higher than ever before.

b) The architects of the Romantic Period embraced the Gothic Revival, a movement celebrating the religiosity of older Gothic buildings. c) The architects of the Romantic Period experimented with different building materials, such as iron, steel, and glass. . See 5.11. The architects of the Romantic Period reacted against the clean Neoclassical style and embraced Gothic Revival and experimented with building materials such as iron, steel, and glass.

Sappho's lyric poem "A Lament for Adonis" represents what major theme of the Classical Period? a) The theme of polytheism because it depicts the Roman Empire's conversion to Christianity. b) The theme of humanism because it emphasizes human passions and emotions rather than idealized gods. c) The theme of balance because it uses the Socratic Method to show that men should be more like the gods. d) The theme of the chivalry because it depicts how a noble man should court a woman.

b) The theme of humanism because it emphasizes human passions and emotions rather than idealized gods. See section 2.11. Sappho's lyric poem follows the tradition of Greek lyric poetry by providing the perspective of personal experience in a language that is more intimate than Greek epic poetry.

An experience of beauty that inspires a feeling of pleasure is often referred to as ___________. a) aesthetics b) an aesthetic experience c) an apollonian response d) a shifting perspective

b) an aesthetic experience The correct answer is b. An aesthetic experience is an experience of beauty that inspires a feeling of pleasure.

In Plato's Allegory of the Cave, what do the shadows represent? a) the truth b) everyday life c) God d) respect

b) everyday life The shadows represent everyday life that contains misinformation and illusions.

When studying the Humanities, a chronological timeline of events allows us to _________. a) rank art in order of importance b) see connections between cause and effect c) show how one artistic movement is better or worse than the one that came before d) comment on the aesthetic values of a culture

b) see connections between cause and effect Chronology is defined as a method of taking events and putting them in the order of occurrence. In the study of the Humanities, a chronological timeline or a listing of the sequence of events allows us to see connections between cause and effect.

Acoording to Professor Kelly, the development of the printing press is believed to have NOT contributed to the Reformation. True False?

b. False Dr. Kelly argues that there is a direct relationship between the development of the printing press and the Reformation.

George Catlin raised awareness for the Native American culture by writing music that celebrated their history. a. True b. False

b. False This is a false statement. George Catlin was a painter who specialized in Native American portraiture.

Art Nouveau is a style that applies only to architecture, building design, and furniture at the end of the 19th century. True or False? a. True b. False

b. False This is a false statement. Art Nouveau applied to paintings, lithographs, jewelry, and many other media, in addition to building design.

Who said, "The age we live in is a busy age, in which knowledge is rapidly advancing towards perfection"? a. Immanuel Kant b. Jeremy Bentham c. Benjamin Franklin

b. Jeremy Bentham It was English philosopher Jeremy Bentham who said, "The age we live in is a busy age, in which knowledge is rapidly advancing towards perfection."

What influenced cultural exchange and diversity in the Romantic period? a) Train travel was developed, which allowed Europeans to visit more easily their neighboring countries. b) National pride was demonstrated through a resurgence of classical architectural styles. c) Exoticism in art and literature reflected the fascination Europeans had with non-Western cultures. d) African American spirituals, which reflected religious themes, were popularized during the period.

c) Exoticism in art and literature reflected the fascination Europeans had with non-Western cultures. 5.14. "Exoticism," or the interest in non-Western cultures, caused artists of the Romantic period to look outside of their own experience for ideas and inspiration.

Which one of the following works was written by Mary Shelley? a) Lyrical Ballads b) Portrait of the Sans-Culotte c) Frankenstein d) Metamorphosis

c) Frankenstein Mary Shelley wrote the novel Frankenstein.

Which one of the following poets wrote The Iliad? a) Sophocles b) Plato c) Homer d) Ovid

c) Homer Homer wrote The Iliad one of the first epics in the Western tradition.

Why is Voltaire's novel Candide a significant work from the Enlightenment? a) It uses an ironic tone to celebrate certain political and religious figures who were popular at the time. b) It is one of the first literary works to give a practical plan for building a utopian society based on Christian ideals. c) It is skeptical of philosophers who believe this is the best of all possible worlds d) It explores themes of industry and revolution, showing how these modern advances have exploited the poor.

c) It is skeptical of philosophers who believe this is the best of all possible worlds See 4.10. Voltaire was famous for writing witty satires of the social and political practices of his day. Candide features a philosopher who, despite terrible misfortunes, continues to believe this is the best of all possible worlds.

How do we identify themes in a literary or artistic work? a) Identify the moods within the works. b) Analyze the structural elements of the work. c) Look for the unifying or main ideas. d) Research the historical context.

c) Look for the unifying or main ideas. See Section 1.07: "Themes are unifying ideas that are repeated or developed throughout a literary or artistic work."

Which Romantic theme is reflected in the following excerpt from William Wordsworth's The Prelude? OH there is blessing in this gentle breeze, A visitant that while it fans my cheek Doth seem half-conscious of the joy it brings From the green fields, and from yon azure sky. Whate'er its mission, the soft breeze can come To none more grateful than to me; escaped From the vast city, where I long had pined A discontented sojourner: now free, Free as a bird to settle where I will. a) Intense passion and emotion. b) Imagination, which has the ability to transform physical reality. c) Nature as a source of solace and inspiration. d) Exoticism and an interest in foreign lands.

c) Nature as a source of solace and inspiration. See 5.09. Many Romantics found solace and inspiration in the natural world, the beauty and purity of which stood in stark contrast to stress and strife symbolized by "the vast city."

In his work, The Republic, Plato describes how best to create a fair and orderly society. Which of the following most closely represents his argument? a) People are incapable of using reason and rationality to create harmony and justice, and therefore, they must be ruled by the gods who are able to determine right from wrong. b) People will naturally use their abilities to reason and think logically to make fair decisions, which will result in a just and harmonious society. c) People are able to think rationally, but they are they are predisposed to act in their own self-interest, so they should be ruled by a philosopher-king who makes decisions based on reason and justice. d) People live most of their lives in ignorance and can only believe what they see, so they must be ruled by philosophers who possess the ability to use reason to determine virtue and morality

c) People are able to think rationally, but they are they are predisposed to act in their own self-interest, so they should be ruled by a philosopher-king who makes decisions based on reason and justice. Plato believed that to act in one's self interest was an aspect of human nature, so his notion of an ideal state was one in which a philosopher-king ruled based on reason and justice to secure the welfare of the majority.

Which of the following is a unique trait of the Romantic hero? a) Romantic heroes accomplish impressive deeds and exhibit great physical triumph. b) Romantic heroes embody traditional norms of their culture or country. c) Romantic heroes are sometimes misunderstood as they follow their personal passion. d) Romantic heroes always win over their love interest in the end.

c) Romantic heroes are sometimes misunderstood as they follow their personal passion. The Romantic (or Byronic) hero is an exceptional and gifted loner, perhaps misunderstood, who was driven to follow personal passion rather than traditional societal expectations.

How does the contemporary film Oh Brother, Where Art Thou? represent classical influence? a) It follows the structure of a "coming of age" novel, in which an inexperienced protagonist encounters challenges that lead to him to mature and gain self-knowledge. b) It employs the conventions of a comedy of manners, in which the protagonist satirizes the hypocrisy of high society. c) The protagonist's journey draws on a number of motifs, themes, and characters from the classical epic The Odyssey. d) The protagonist completes his heroic quest while displaying the ideals of chivalry in his actions.

c) The protagonist's journey draws on a number of motifs, themes, and characters from the classical epic The Odyssey. The main character's journey home from prison draws from the classical epic The Odyssey, including many of the obstacles that he faces.

These are unifying ideas that are developed or repeated throughout a literary or artistic work. a) Myths b) Arguments c) Themes d) Comparisons

c) Themes Themes are unifying ideas that are repeated or developed throughout a literary or artistic work.

Love and the archetype of the hero are both examples of which of the following? a) Symbols b) Myths c) Universal themes d) Branches of philosophy

c) Universal themes These are both examples of universal themes. Universal themes are those recurring and timeless themes that define what it means to be human.

Traditional stories that serve to explain some natural phenomenon, the origin of humanity, or customs or religious rites are known as _________. a) aesthetic experiences b) myths c) archetypes d) symbols

c) archetypes Myths are traditional stories of a people or culture that serve to explain some natural phenomenon, the origin of humanity, or customs or religious rites. We pass on our visions, values, and memories to younger generations through myths.

Why is the statue The Metropolitan Kouros a notable example of Greek sculpture? a) It emphasized martial prowess and symbolized the power of the empire. b) It utilized contrapposto to emphasize the asymmetry of the human form. c) It was designed along the Greek cross plan and was the first lifelike representation of a man. d) It utilized vertical and horizontal symmetry in creating the human form.

d) It utilized vertical and horizontal symmetry in creating the human form. The Metropolitan Kouros (circa 590-580 BCE) shows the balance of vertical and horizontal symmetry admired by the Greeks.

What was Martin Luther's role in advocating Christian doctrine during the Renaissance? a) Luther's Ninety-five Theses was accepted by the Catholic Church as a sound theological approach to Christian doctrine. b) The Holy Roman Emperor declared Martin Luther and his theology worthy of sainthood. c) As a priest, Martin Luther accepted his role as an intermediary between the faithful and God with the intent to challenge Protestantism. d) Martin Luther was a priest and theologian who challenged papal infallibility.

d) Martin Luther was a priest and theologian who challenged papal infallibility. See section 3.08. "Luther denounced systemic corruption in the Church hierarchy. He challenged the doctrine of papal infallibility and rejected the Catholic Church as a necessary intermediary between the faithful and God."

Which of the following plays was written by the Greek dramatist Sophocles? a) Theseus b) Agamemnon c) The Iliad d) Oedipus Rex

d) Oedipus Rex Oedipus Rex was written by Sophocles.

Which figure from Greek mythology featured in Romantic works is a symbol of freedom and rebellion? a) Zeus b) Chronos c) Hercules d) Prometheus

d) Prometheus Romantic artists and writers saw Prometheus as a symbol of freedom because he was willing to challenge the established order of the gods.

How did slave narratives, such as The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, affect cultural exchange and diversity within the Enlightenment period? a) Cultural exchange and diversity was stifled by the popularity of the slave narrative which put forth a limited view of slavery. b) Slave narratives were popular forms of entertainment and were widely considered fictional. c) Slave narratives confirmed the pro-slavery sentiments popular in the American South during this time. d) Social progress was aided through realistic depictions of the living conditions of slaves.

d) Social progress was aided through realistic depictions of the living conditions of slaves. See 4.15. Cultural exchange and diversity were aided by first-hand accounts of becoming enslaved, the experience of slavery, and seeking freedom.

American composers of hymns and church music were inspired by which of the following during the Romantic period? a) They were influenced by the exotic musical traditions of Islamic cultures. b) They integrated into their compositions new rhythms and techniques from Central and South America. c) They were inspired by the tribal dance and musical works of Native American populations. d) They looked abroad for inspiration, drawing from the works of the great Classical composers of Europe.

d) They looked abroad for inspiration, drawing from the works of the great Classical composers of Europe. See 5.12 and 5.14 for more information. American composers were influenced by the Classical music of Europeancomposers.

Art of the Protestant Reformation stressed which of the following aspects or qualities? a. Alchemy and astrology b. Extreme extravagance and overindulgence c. Idolatry and faith d. Simplicity and piety

d. Simplicity and piety Art of the Protestant Reformation stressed simplicity and piety, and reformers attacked what they called the idolatry of Catholic religious art.

According to Dr. Paula Carabell, what elements found in the painting Oath of the Horatii indicate that it is representative of the Neoclassical Period? a. the backdrop of Roman arches b. the figures' draped robes and the warriors' helmets c. the postures of each figure, (the proud upright shape of the men and the despondent, grieving figures of the women) d. both a and c

d. both a and c Neoclassicism pulled from Roman art and architecture, which, Dr. Carabell explains, is represented in the Roman arches of the painting. In addition, the anguished figures of the women reflect the notion that they are destined to lose their husbands, brothers, or sons to battle, as there was a prevailing notion that allegiance to country was more important than allegiance to family.

What philosophy was widely popular during the Enlightenment? a. the concept that slavery was not a natural state and should be abolished b. the concept that logic and reason could break down the established, rigid order c. the concept that dividing social boundaries could be breached by individual thought d. both b and c

d. both b and c The answer is d. Enlightenment thinkers, fueled by a new diversity of knowledge, believed that individual thought both challenged existing traditions and would transcend socio-political, racial, and religious boundaries.

Which of the following disciplines falls within the realm of Humanities? a) Music b) Religion c) Literature d) Architecture e) All of the above

e) All of the above Music, religion, literature, and architecture all fall within the realm of Humanities. Other disciplines included in the study of Humanities are philosophy, dance, theater, visual arts, and cinema.

Characters in Classical Greek and Roman theater were often at the mercy of their environments, and the action centered around their reactions to the events. True false

false This statement is false. Classical Period works depicted protagonists that were the causes of the action, usually due to a character flaw such as hubris.