Hw #12

Match each part of the tooth with the correct description.

- Clinical crown- Part of tooth exposed in the oral cavity. - Periodontal ligaments - Structures that secure the teeth in the alveoli. - Pulp - Soft tissue consisting of connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics in the center of the tooth. - Gingiva - Dense fibrous connective tissue and stratified squamous tissue covering the alveolar processes. - Enamel - Hard non-living material covering the crown. - Dentin - Calcified living material surrounding the pulp cavity.

Identify the functions of saliva.

- Digests starch - Neutralizes bacterial acids - Moistens food and oral cavity

Match the specific mesentery with its location within the digestive system.

- Mesentery Proper - Associated with the small intestine. - Lesser omentum - Membrane that connects the stomach and the proximal end of the duodenum to the liver and the diaphragm. - Greater omentum - Membrane extending from the stomach to the transverse colon. - Transverse Mesocolon - Attaches the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall.

Name the outermost or most superficial layer of the organs in the digestive tract.

- Serosa - Adventitia

Identify the structures of the digestive tract that are lined with simple columnar epithelium.

- Small intestine - Stomach - Large intestine

Identify the substances within saliva.

- amylase - water - mucin - lysozymes - bicarbonate

identify the organs that are located behind the peritoneal membrane.

- duodenum - pancreas - ascending colon - descending colon - kidneys - adrenal gland - urinary bladder

Identify the organs of the digestive system that are considered accessory organs.

- liver - pancreas - tonsils - salivary glands - gall bladder

Identify the 4 muscles of mastication:

- masseter - temporalis - lateral pterygoid - medial pterygoid

Identify the layers of the mucosa from the inside to outside.

- mucous epithelium - lamina propria - muscularis mucosa

Identify the three basis parts of a tooth.

- root - neck - crown

The enteric plexus is composed of the ________ and the _______.

- submucosal plexus - myenteric plexus

Match each basis function of the digestive system with the correct answer. 1 - Absorption 2 - Digestion 3 - Mastication 4 - Ingestion 5 - Propulsion

1 - Movement of Molecules from the digestive tract into the circulation or lymphatic system. 2 - Breakdown of large organic molecules into their component parts 3 - Process by which teeth break food into smaller particles to increase the total surface area 4 - The intake of solid or liquid food into the stomach. 5 - Movement of food from one end of the digestive tract to the other.

list the tunics of the digestive tract from INSIDE to OUTSIDE

1 - Mucosa 2 - Submucosa 3 - Muscularis 4 - Serosa

What is a mesentery?

A connective tissue sheet composed of two layers of serous membranes.

What is peritonitis?

An inflammation of the peritoneal membranes.

Feces are eliminated from the body by the process of ______________.

Defecation

The two major divisions of the digestive system include the _____________ and the accessory organs.

Digestive tract

Match each basis secretion of the digestive tract with the correct function. - Enzymes - Mucus - Water

E- Break down large food molecules into smaller food molecules to promote absorption. M- Lubricates food and protects lining of the digestive tract. W- Liquefies food.

T or F: The majority of the muscularis consists of two layers of skeletal muscle.

False

T or F: The only glands associated with the digestive tract are unicellular mucous glands in the mucosa and multicellular glands of the mucosa and submucosa.

False

Match the layer of the digestive tract with the correct description.

Mucosa- Consists of an epithelial lining, a layer of connective tissue referred to as lamina propria and a thin layer of muscle. Submucosa- Consists of a thick layer of connective tissue containing nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics and glands. Muscularis- Throughout most of the digestive tract, this tunic consists of two layers of smooth muscle; an inner circular layer, and an outer longitudinal layer. Serosa- Consists of thin layer of connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium.

The muscle that forms the majority of the lips is the ________ and the muscle that forms the majority of the cheeks is the ____________.

Orbicularis oris, Buccinator

The layer of the digestive tract that consists of connective tissue containing nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, small glands and a network of nerve cells is the _______.

Submucosa

The network of nerve cells in the submucosa that regulates intestinal secretions is called the _________.

Submucosal plexus

T or F: Throughout the digestive tract, the muscularis consists of 2 layers of muscles, except stomach, which has 3 layers.

True

The structures of the digestive system that primarily consists of glands located outside the digestive tract the secretes fluids into the digestive tract know as ___________.

accessory organs

The palate consists of two parts: the bony hard palate that is _________, and the non-bony soft palate that is ______.

anterior, posterior

The buccinator muscle, a buccal fat pad, an interior lining of moist stratified squamous epithelium, and an external covering of skin comprise the ________.

cheek

The alimentary canal or tract is also known as the ___________ tract.

digestive

Food is ingested, digested and finally eliminated from the body as _________.

feces

The submucosal plexus controls ______ and the myenteric plexus controls _________.

glandular secretions, movements of digestive tract

Name the cells in the myenteric plexus that serve as pacemakers.

interstitial cells

Mastication is the ______.

mechanical breakdown of food.

Place the following structures in the order that food will pass through beginning with the site of ingestion.

mouth pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine

Identify the muscle that forms most of the lips.

orbicularis oris

Teeth found in the adult mouth are called ____________ teeth whereas teeth that are lost during childhood are called milk or _______ teeth.

permanent; deciduous

Most structures of the digestive tract consists of 2 layers of smooth muscle forming the muscularis however the _________ has 3 layers of smooth muscle and the _______ has skeletal muscle.

stomach; upper esophagus

The ________________ moves food within the mouth, holds food in place during mastication, aids in swallowing, detects taste sensations and functions in speech.

tongue

The large muscular organ that occupies most of the oral cavity proper is the ______________.

tongue

The posterior projection of the soft palate is the _____________.

uvula