HY 101 Chapter 13
Why did most ordinary poles oppose the Lutheran reform movement?
The held strong anti-German feelings
The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre led to
A lengthy civil war
Martin Luther's first response to the Peasants War was
To side with the peasants
What aided Martin Luther in his call for reform?
Luther understood the power of the printing press and authorized for the publication of his works
Which of the following best describes Martin Luther's doctrine of salvation?
Salvation came through faith alone as a free gift of God's grace
In religous affairs, Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that
Was a middle course between Catholic and Protestant extremes
Luther's ideas about Roman exploitation of Germany
Appealed to the national sentiment of German princes
The Reformation of England was primarily the result of
The dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII
The Calvinist doctrine of predestination led to a
Confidence among the Calvinists in their own salvation
Luther believed the church consisted of
A spiritual priesthood of all Christian believers
How did Calvinists understand the idea of work or labor?
All work with a religious aspect was dignified
France supported the Protestant princes of Germany in order to
Prevent Charles V from increasing his power
Thomas More's "Utopia" was remarkable for its time because it asserted
Problems plaguing society could be solved by a beneficent government
In Hungary, Lutheranism was
Spread by Hungarian students who had studied at the University of Wittenburg
The Catholic Church justified the granting of indulgences by stating that:
That Jesus through his death and the work of the saints had deposited indulgences in a Treasury of Merit
The overriding goal of the Catholic religious orders established in the sixteenth century was
To uplift the moral condition of both clergy and laity
The Colloquy of Marburg
failed to resolve the differences among Protestants on the issue of the Eucharist
The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis ended the conflict known as the
Habsburg-Valois Wars
Why did John Calvin reject the idea of human free will?
Human free will would detract from the sovereignty of God
How did Luther benefit from his appearance before the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, at the Diet of Worms?
Luther gained a larger audience for his reform ideas and others began to challenge the church's teachings and practices
How did the closing of the monasteries and covents affects upper-class women?
Marriage became virtually the only occupation for upper-class women
Why did Elizabeth I have her cousin and heir, Mary, Queen of Scots, executed?
Mary became implicated in a plot to assassinate Elizabeth
Luther viewed celibacy as
Opposed to human nature and God's commandments
The Pilgrimage of Grace attested to
Popular opposition, in northern England, to Henry VIII's reformation
How did the choice to embrace or reject the Reform movement occur in a territory or region in the Italy Roman Empire?
The political leaders of the territory determined whether it introduced reforms
A new religious order for women that emerged in the sixteenth century was the
Ursuline Order
What were Calvinist and Lutherans attitudes towards secular rulers?
Lutherans taught respect for authority while Calvinists encouraged opposition to political authorities who were considered ungodly
The dissolution of English monasteries
Resulted from Henry VIII's desire to confiscate their wealth
Why did Protestants allow the dissolution of marriages in divorce?
They viewed marriage as a contract for mutual support, and married partners who failed to provide support endangered their souls and the entire community
In addition to reforming the church, what was the other goal of the Council of Trent?
To secure reconciliation with the Protestants
The Consistory was?
A body of laymen and pastors who led Geneva
How did the Inquisitors view most people accused of witchcraft?
As superstitious and ignorant peasants who should be educated rather than executed
As a result of the Peace of Augsburg, the people of Germany?
Became either Lutheran or Catholic depending on their prince
In the early 16th century, anticlericalism focused primarily on all of the following except
Clerical Heresy