Hyper 435 exam 1
How many Americans have type II diabetes?
26 million
If you exercise at an intensity of 1 liter of oxygen per minute, about how many Calories would you burn in one hour?
300
One gram of protein contains approximately how many calories?
4
-One liter of oxygen is the equivalent of approximately how many Calories when oxidizing carbohydrate and fat?
5
One liter of oxygen is the equivalent of approximately how many Calories when oxidizing carbohydrate and fat?
5
Which from list below is an example of structured physical activity
5 mile jog
One gram of fat yields _______ Calories.
9
Which energy substance does the body use DIRECTLY to perform its multitude of functions, such as muscle contraction?
ATP
Which energy system has the greatest POWER generating ability, i.e., speed?
ATP-PC
-Which energy system would predominate in an all-out, high-intensity, 100-meter dash in track?
ATP-PC (phosphagen)
The immediate source of energy for all body processes, including muscle contraction, is
Adenosine triphosphate
Which of the following energy systems has the greatest CAPACITY for energy production, i.e., endurance?
Aerobic glycolysis
Which of the following is true of ergogenic aids?
All essential nutrients are considered to be legal for use in conjunction with athletic competition
-Which statement about the typical American diet is FALSE?
Americans obtain adequate amounts of calcium
Which statement about the typical American diet is FALSE?
Americans obtain adequate amounts of calcium
In general, a solid pre competition meal should
Be high in carbohydrate and low in fat and protein, providing for easy digestibility
-In general, a solid pre competition meal should consist of
Be high in carbohydrate and low in fat and protein, providing for easy digestibility.
Brian learns in his favorite nutrition class that he gets a larger percentage of energy from fat when he is sleeping than when he runs intensely for 3 miles. He decides that the best way for him to reduce his body fat is by sleeping all day.What is going to happen to Brian?
Brian will not lose weight sleeping, it matters how many total calories of fat he will expend, and not what percent of his expended calories come from fat
Nutrients perform three major functions in the human body. Among these is
Building and repairing body tissues with protein being the prime source
-If foods are not selected carefully, strict vegetarians may incur nutritional deficiencies involving
Calcium
Which of the food choices would be considered a "functional" food?
Calcium-fortified orange juice
Which of the following statements regarding fatigue during muscular exercise is FALSE?
Central fatigue, as contrasted to peripheral fatigue, involves fatigue occurring directly in the exercising muscles; one example might be the accumulation of excess hydrogen ions from lactic acid, which may impair energy-generating processes in the muscle cell
-Which of the following statements regarding fatigue during muscular exercise is FALSE?
Central fatigue, as contrasted to peripheral fatigue, involves fatigue occurring directly in the exercising muscles; one example might be the accumulation of excess hydrogen ions from lactic acid, which may impair energy-generating processes in the muscle cell
-A good example of a nonessential nutrient is
Creatine
An ergogenic aid is something that is
Designed to increase potential for work output, such as in sport
The leading cause of death in the United States is
Diseases of the heart
The current USDA MyPlate Guide is based on the following food groups:
Grains, vegetables, fruits, proteins, dairy
Which of the following statements about energy expenditure is INCORRECT?
Hand weights seem to increase energy expenditure only when used at slower speeds
Which of the following statements regarding dietary supplements is FALSE?
Health claims listed on the label have been substantiated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
-Foods rich in potassium and low in sodium may carry health claims because such foods may help prevent the development of
Hypertension or high blood pressure
Foods rich in potassium and low in sodium may carry health claims because such foods may help prevent the development of
Hypertension or high blood pressure
-Macronutrients
Include carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, as well as water
Which of the following training adaptations would be of MOST use to an athlete competing in the 100-meter dash (less than 10 seconds)?
Increased stores of phosphocreatine
Nutrient density
Is when a food possesses a significant amount of specific nutrients per serving relative to its caloric content
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the resting metabolic rate (RMR)?
It is lower than the metabolic rate when sleeping
-Of the following statements, which is true of a healthy vegetarian diet?
It supplies more than an adequate amount of nutrients and is rather low in caloric content
Of the following statements, which is true of a healthy vegetarian diet?
It supplies more than an adequate amount of nutrients and is rather low in caloric content
Which of the following statements about the Food Exchange System is correct?
It was developed by the American Dietetic Association and American Diabetic Association, as well as other health organizations
-If you were to stand up during this exam, and sprint down the hall and out of the building (about 10 seconds of activity), what fuel sources would allow you to do this?
Mostly stored ATP and phosphocreatine, but also some glycogen and fat
If you were to stand up during this exam, and sprint down the hall and out of the building (about 10 seconds of activity), what fuel sources would allow you to do this?
Mostly stored ATP and phosphocreatine, but also some glycogen and fat
Success in sport is based primarily upon superior athletic ability, which in turn depends mostly on which of these two major factors?
Natural genetic endowment and state of training
-The most prevalent ergogenic aids used to increase sport performance arethose classified as
Nutritional
-Type IIb muscle fibers
Produce energy primarily by anaerobic processes
the oxygen system
Produces ATP in rather large quantities from other energy sources in the body
Sport nutrition involves eating strategies to
Promote good health, optimizes adaptations to training, recover rapidly from an intense or prolonged training session, and perform optimally during competition
-Which food exchange is the best (in terms of highest content) source of calcium?
Skim milk
Which of the following risk factors associated with coronary heart disease is classified as a major risk factor?
Smoking and sedentary lifestyle
Which of the following is true about food processing and its impact on food quality?
The major problem with food processing is the excessive use of highly refined products and questionable additives
Which one of the following statements about fatigue is true?
The most important factor in the prevention of fatigue during exercise is training
The definition of a sugar free food is:
There is <0.5 grams of sugar per serving
Which of the following is true concerning diet and competition?
Those individuals involved in daily physical activity of a prolonged nature should stress complex carbohydrate foods in their daily diet
The main energy source for the oxygen system during exercise of 2 hours in length would be
Triglycerides
Which of the following classifications of physical activity is rated as light, mild aerobic exercise because it is likely to burn less than 5 Calories per minute?
Walking at a speed of 2.0 miles per hour
Malnutrition may exist
all correct
-Type IIa muscle fibers
are known as fast-twitch red fibers
Which energy system would predominate in an all-out, high-intensity, 100-meter dash in track?
atp-pc
Which of the following exercises would be the energy equivalent of jogging one mile?
biking 3 miles
-Nutrients perform three major functions in the human body. Among these is
building and repairing body tissues with protein being the prime source.
If foods are not selected carefully, strict vegetarians may incur nutritional deficiencies involving
calicum
The main energy source for the lactic acid system during exercise is
carbs
A good example of a nonessential nutrient is
creatine
Which of the following is a nonessential or dispensable nutrient?
creatine
Nutrients that the body needs, but cannot produce in adequate quantities are called
essential nutrients
-Dietary guidelines indicate no alcohol should be included in a healthy diet
false
-Exercise training is second only to proper nutrition when one considers a means to enhance physical fitness.
false
-In-line skating at approximately the same speed as running would use about the same number of Calories per mile.
false
-The evidence indicates that organic foods contain fewer pesticides than non-organic foods are the much healthier to eat.
false
-The fact that alcohol and fat have about twice the amount of energy per gram as either carbohydrate or protein means that they are better energy sources for the active individual.
false
Commercial food processing causes more nutrient loss than home processing.
false
Dietary guidelines indicate no alcohol should be included in a healthy diet
false
Exercise training is second only to proper nutrition when one considers a means to enhance physical fitness.
false
In-line skating at approximately the same speed as running would use about the same number of Calories per mile.
false
Micronutrients help to regulate metabolic processes and are usually measured in grams.
false
The ATP-PC system predominates during the longer sprints and middle distance runs.
false
The fact that alcohol and fat have about twice the amount of energy per gram as either carbohydrate or protein means that they are better energy sources for the active individual.
false
The lactic acid system predominates in short, powerful bursts of muscular activity.
false
Unstructured physical activity includes many of the usual activities of daily life and does not provide any protection against the development of certain chronic diseases.
false
A typical Supersize fast-food meal of a triple burger, French fries and a cola-type drink is usually high in:
fat, sodium, and sugar
Which of the following would be considered a component of health-related fitness?
flexibility
The addition of a nutrient to a food that did not originally contain that nutrient makes it what type of food?
fortified
Per serving, which of the following food exchanges contains the greatest amount of carbohydrates in grams?
fruit
- Which two key nutrients should be stressed in the diets of women and children because they are often consumed in less than desired amounts in the United States?
iron and calcium
-A type I muscle fiber
is called a slow-twitch red fiber
A type I muscle fiber
is called a slow-twitch red fiber.
When participating in very mild aerobic activities, which of the following will lead to fatigue in very prolonged bouts?
low blood sugar levels
-One example of a micronutrient is
minerals
One example of a micronutrient is
minerals
The most prevalent ergogenic aids used to increase sport performance are those classified as
nutritional
Which of the following foods would make a good choice to include in a precompetition meal?
oatmeal
Which of the following is the key principle underlying the adaptations to exercise that may provide a wide array of health benefits, and incorporates the intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise?
overload
-Which of the following is classified as a starch exchange rather than a vegetable exchange?
potato
Which of the following is classified as a starch exchange rather than a vegetable exchange?
potato
-Although the nutrients found in food perform a wide variety of functions, which of the following is of primary importance since the other functions are subordinated to it in times of need?
provide energy
Although the nutrients found in food perform a wide variety of functions, which of the following is of primary importance since the other functions are subordinated to it in times of need?
provide energy
The use of hypnosis to improve performance is an example of which classification of ergogenic aid?
psychological
Which food exchange is the best (in terms of highest content) source of calcium?
skim milk
Which of the following food exchanges is a good source of protein, calcium and vitamin D?
skim milk
Which basic principle of exercise training is associated with the concept that cardiovascular-respiratory training will enhance adaptations primarily in the heart whereas resistance training will enhance adaptations primarily in the skeletal muscles?
specifically
Which of the following is not a health-related fitness component?
speed
-Which of the following sport events would rely on the lactic acid system for most of the energy production?
the 800 meter run
-Exercise can be used to help prevent and even treat many chronic diseases.
true
-One healthful dietary recommendation is to limit sodium intake to less than 1,500 mg daily.
true
-The DASH diet is a dietary approach to stop hypertension?
true
-The timing of a pre-competition meal for sporting events is almost as important as the type of meal consumed?
true
A risk factor is a health behavior associated with a particular disease.
true
At high walking speeds, you may possibly expend more energy than if you jogged at the same speed.
true
Essential nutrients are essential for life?
true
Exercise can be used to help prevent and even treat many chronic diseases.
true
Functional foods are food products designed to provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
true
Health-related fitness includes a healthy body weight, cardiovascular-respiratory fitness, adequate muscular strength and muscular endurance, and sufficient flexibility.
true
In general, most nutrition scientists recommend that the nutrients we need should be obtained from natural, wholesome foods, and the routine use of dietary supplements is not recommended for most individuals.
true
Nonessential nutrients, or dispensable nutrients, may be formed in the body.
true
One healthful dietary recommendation is to limit sodium intake to less than 1,500 mg daily.
true
Sports performance is primarily determined by genetic characteristics and state of training, but nutritional strategies may be used to enhance performance in certain sports.
true
The most important factor affecting the metabolic rate is the intensity or speed of the exercise.
true
The most important factor determining which energy system will be used is the intensity of the exercise.
true
The pre competition meal should allow for the stomach to be relatively empty at the start of competition
true
The timing of a pre-competition meal for sporting events is almost as important as the type of meal consumed?
true
The best food exchange from which to obtain good to excellent sources of both vitamin C and vitamin A (beta-carotene) is the
vegetable exchange
Expressed as a percentage of its total caloric value, which food exchange has the highest protein content?
very lean meat
The nutrients that are primarily responsible for helping to regulate bodily processes are
vitamins, minerals, and protein
The main ingredient (by weight) in a product whose label contains an ingredient list which reads, in order, "Whole wheat, dextrose, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and salt" is:
whole wheat