IAH Understanding Intercultural Communication Mid term

As a Puerto Rican American, Carlos identifies strongly with the larger U.S. culture and identifies weakly with his ethnic heritage, traditions, and values. In the ethnic-cultural identity typological model, James is practicing which of the four options?

Assimilated identity

The authors of "Communicating Effectively with the Chinese" mentioned that the Chinese tend to use the pronoun "we". Why is that so?

Because Chinese culture emphasizes a "we" identity and an in-group affiliation

Which of the following is not a true statement of Chinese cultural tendency? -Chinese interactions with friends tend to be quite gracious. -Chinese interactions with family members and close friends tend to be less polite. -Chinese interactions with strangers involve little, if any, polite talk. -Chinese interactions with family members and close friends tend to be very polite.

Chinese interactions with family members and close friends tend to be very polite.

Which of the following is not true about "Gan Qing" (feeling) of Chinese interpersonal relationship? -Chinese people think emotions are related to their health. -Chinese people tend to express their love to their lovers explicitly. -Chinese people do not feel comfortable expressing emotions explicitly. -Chinese people feel obliged to pay back if they receive a gift from a friend.

Chinese people tend to express their love to their lovers explicitly.

Which of the following is not true about "Chinese self"? -Chinese self is governed by complex hierarchy and role relationships -Chinese self is defined by relations -Chinese self acts in accordance with internal wishes or personal integrity -Chinese self acts in accordance with external expectations or social norms

Chinese self acts in accordance with internal wishes or personal integrity

_______ refers to a bound unit of interacting individuals who uphold a set of shared traditions and way of life

Cultural community

Which of the following is not suggested to North Americans by the authors of "Communicating Effectively with the Chinese" to improve communication between Chinese and North Americans? -Be aware that personal questions considered as private in the United States are asked frequently and that guan xin talk is a sign of care and interest. -Understand that modesty is a Chinese virtue and that understating and discrediting oneself is expected. -Accept that Chinese value indirect talk and that requests are often implied. -Focus on what is said; try not to read too much into the words or be oversensitive to nonverbal nuances.

Focus on what is said; try not to read too much into the words or be oversensitive to nonverbal nuances.

What kind of Chinese communication characteristic does the following scenario reflect? A Chinese person visited a friend and chatted for one hour. By the time he was about to leave, he said that his daughter was about to study abroad which was very expensive. He did not have that much money. Then his friend knew that he wanted to borrow some money.

Han Xu (implicit communication)

Which Chinese communication characteristic does the following scenario reflect? A Chinese visits a friend and is offered something to eat. After a few turns of offer-decline, he accepts and eats it.

Ke Qi (politeness)

Which does "social or positional face" refer to, Lian or Mian Zi?

Mian zi

What Chinese communication characteristic does the following scenario reflect? Students tend to listen to their teachers most of the time in class. Children are expected to listen to their parents. Employees are expected to listen to their bosses.

Ting Hua (listening centeredness)

In "Communicating Effectively with the Chinese", the authors discussed three key concepts of Chinese interpersonal relationship. Which of the following is not one of them? Bao (reciprocity) Ren Qing (human feeling) Gan Qing (feeling) Xiao (filia piety)

Xiao

Which of the following is involved in culture shock? -A sense of identity loss -A sense of identity stability -Enculturation -Individualism

a sense of identity loss

The degree of identity change that occurs when individuals move from a familiar environment to an unfamiliar one describes what process?

acculturation

The _______ attitude layer refers to the emotional commitment to engage in cultural perspective taking and the cultivation of an empathetic heart in reaching out to culturally diverse groups.

affective

Ever since Effia returned home from her overseas work assignment, she has felt like she does not fit in. She decides to ask for another overseas assignment, where she feels like she is more alive than at home. According to the W-shaped adjustment model, Effia is a(n)

alienator

Cliff notices that a study-abroad student bows instead of shaking hands when introduced. Cliff thinks to himself, "This is not what I expected, and it's not even the correct thing to do when introduced." Cliff is evaluating the study-abroad student based on which criteria of flexible intercultural communication?

appropriateness

_______ may lead to exciting new job opportunities in health care, global entertainment, and other sectors but may also lead to loss of some employment opportunities.

artificial intelligence

Mieko has travelled to France for her study-abroad opportunity. She tries to figure out how to appropriately ask for help and how to invite her new acquaintance to study with her. According to the ABCs of culture shock, Mieko is experiencing which dimension of disorientation?

behavioral

Your morning rituals include meditation, doing yoga, and taking time to arrive at a "stillness" state. All these spiritual activities illustrate your _______ core value system.

being-in-becoming

As a Filipino American, you have internalized both small and large power distance value dimensions: at home you communicate respectfully with your grandpa and at work you interact informally with your boss, since your boss prefers casual style. Your identity reflects _______ identity tendency.

bicultural

communicators areinterdependent with each other, and engage ingive and take nature of the interculturalencounter process. Involves two ideas: transactional nature and irreversible nature

characteristic 2: process

a bound unit of interactingindividuals who uphold a set of sharedtraditions and way of life. Can refer to anational, ethnic, gender, or generational group.

characteristic 3: different cultural communities

interculturalcommunicators oftentimes negotiate threelayers of meaning in the transactionalinteraction situation

characteristic 4; negotiate shared meanings

communication occurs in contexts like relational, psychological, and physical

characteristic 5: interactive situation

In Daphne's culture, ingroup harmony is important and cultural members tend to prioritize the needs of the ingroup over their own personal desires. Which type of culture is this describing?

collectivistic

Which of the following is true about "Chinese culture"?

collectivistic and high context

Our ability to change our interaction behaviors and goals to meet the specific needs of the situation is which criterion of a flexible intercultural communicator?

communication adaptability

Carmen takes her intercultural communication class and realizes that she indeed should change some of her intercultural communication behaviors. So, she has made efforts to increase her knowledge, attitudes, and skills. Carmen is in what stage of the staircase model?

conscious competence

In visiting Bhutan, Andrew starts taking intentional steps to increase his intercultural knowledge and combines his knowledge with culture-sensitive practice. Andrew is at the _______ stage of the staircase model.

conscious competence

_______ meaning refers to the factual or digital information conveyed to the receiver.

content

the digital (or content) information beingconveyed through the use of symbols or words.Misunderstandings happen due to the mismatch of symbolusage and meaning interpretation between the twocommunicators

content meaning

Mayor Denton's reaction to a flood in her small town in Georgia is to call for a town meeting at which she assigns various townspeople to jobs, such as reinforcing the dam and cleaning up debris. What destiny value orientation is Mayor Denton endorsing?

controlling their environment

A(n) _______ is a cultural violation on the behavioral level when our meanings do not overlap with one another in viewing the same behavior, which can create communication awkwardness or embarrassment.

cultural bump

You have deep-level knowledge of U.S. culture and also the ability to behave appropriately in different interaction scenes. You have acquired _______ skills.

cultural competence

nternalized cultural knowledgeand the operational competence skills you are able to apply inthe interaction scene.

cultural competence skills

Differences between two cultures in their cultural values, language, verbal, and nonverbal styles are called

cultural distance factors

One culture emphasizes security, tradition, and conformity. Another culture emphasizes self-direction, indulgence, and risk-taking. These are examples of

cultural values

judgmental priorities that guide our evaluations of"good" or "bad" behaviors, "desirable" or "undesirable" actions, "fair"or "unfair" outcomes. The word "value" stems from the word"evaluation"; we easily slip into our mental scripts to judge "proper"or "improper" behavior, or "polite" or "rude" action.

cultural values

fundamental assumptions or worldviewspeople hold dearly without question; can revolve around questionsas to human origins, concepts of time, space, reality, existence of asupernatural being, the meaning of life, death, rebirth, and so on.

culturally shared beliefs

include myths, legends, rituals, andceremonies passed on from one generation to the next via oral orwritten medium; they reinforce ingroup solidarity, communalmemory, cultural stability, and historical continuity functions.

culturally shared traditions

a learned meaning system thatconsists of patterns of traditions, beliefs, values,norms, meanings, and symbols that are passedon from one generation to the next and areshared to varying degrees by interactingmembers of a community.

culture

collective expectations of what constitutes properor improper behavior in an interaction scene within a setting.

culture norms

Ben participates in the Muslim month of fasting, Ramadan, with his family each year. He is participating in which aspect of culture?

deep level culture

Which of the following is not a communication strategy in regards to face concern in Chinese culture?

direct responses

You're very focused in moving your task goals forward in your overseas assignment, you're working hard on the competence criterion of

effectiveness

Ben has never been to Israel. He and his family celebrate their Jewish heritage by involvement in a synagogue, the celebration of holidays and traditions, and learning Hebrew. Ben's _______ is Jewish.

ethnic identity

A nation made up of individuals from only one ethnicity could be described as

ethnically homogeneous

Seeing our own culture as the center of the universe and seeing other cultures as insignificant or even inferior is the definition of

ethnocentrism

An _______ mindset means understanding a communication behavior from the other person's cultural frame of reference.

ethnorelative

Lilia grew up in a close family consisting of her parents, grandparents, aunts, and uncles. What type of family is this?

extended family

"Acculturation" refers to the primary socialization process of immigrants in their original home culture wherein they have internalized their core value patterns

false

Culture shock is, first and foremost, a cognitive experience in which our knowledge is put to the test.

false

Due to increasing ability of Artificial Intelligence, individuals with a job doing language translation will soon be out of a job.

false

Individualism is a cultural pattern common in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Central and South America.

false

Resocialized returnees are highly aware of changes in themselves and try to integrate new values and skills they have learned overseas.

false

The first starting stage of the staircase model of flexible intercultural communication involves becoming aware of behaving incompetently.

false

The majority of the world populations subscribe to some form of individualistic cultural value tendencies.

false

The study of intercultural communication is importance for those intending to go abroad, but if we live and work in the U.S., it is not necessary.

false

The concept of _______ refers to a bicultural individual who upholds double cultural and cognitive knowledge about two cultural groups; and she or he has the capacity of engaging in fluid, adaptive behaviors when facing one of the two groups' audience.

frame switching

Hector is a fun-loving Mexican American instructor of intercultural communication at a major U.S. university. From the above description, his personal identity is

fun-loving

_______ refers to the meanings and interpretations we hold concerning our self-image and expected other-images of femaleness and maleness.

gender-identity

_______-tolerance for ambiguity individuals do better in their overseas adjustment experience than _______-tolerance for ambiguity individuals.

high; low

According to the discussion in the text on creative problem-solving, heterogeneous small groups have a _______ probability of conflict and produce _______ creative ideas than homogeneous small groups.

higher; more

Which of the following is not true about "Ren Qing" (human feeling) of Chinese interpersonal relationship? -Rejecting a gift is rude and disruptive to the harmony of a relationship. -Chinese people feel obliged to pay back if they receive a gift from a friend. -Smooth and harmonious interpersonal relationships are highly important for Chinese people. -Children are not expected to care for their elder parents.

hildren are not expected to care for their elder parents.

Which function of cultural values provides a frame of reference to answer the fundamental question, "Who am I?"

identify meaning function

The term _______ refers to the reflective self-conception or self-image that we each derive from family, gender, cultural, ethnic, and individual socialization processes.

identity

"Who am I and who are you in thisinteraction scene?" "Is my identity complexity beingunderstood, respected, and valued?" or "being bypassed,excluded, and rejected?"

identity meaning

Sam, who is Vietnamese American, takes a renewed strong interest in digging out archival information concerning the Vietnamese American immigrant experience in the U.S., and enrolls in a college class on the topic of "History of Vietnam: From 1975 to Present." Sam is at what stage of the racial-ethnic identity development model?

immersion-emersion

After a while, Elaine has learned to fit in with the new culture in which she was given a temporary job assignment. She has learned how to communicate appropriately in this new environment and how to manage relationships with members of the new culture. Elaine is experiencing _______ adjustment.

in-sync

You've decided to take on personal responsibility to advocate for social justice and genuine equality treatment for all cultural/racial groups in your campus community; you're at the _______ stage of the racial-ethnic identity development model.

inclusive internalization-commitment

A culture that includes broad value tendencies of self-sufficiency and personal autonomy is a(n) _______culture.

individualistic

In the book of "Communicating Effectively with the Chinese", the author mentioned "I" vs. "we" identitiy by Hofstede (1980). Which concepts were the authors trying to explain?

individualistic vs collectivistic culture

Visiting ethnic neighborhoods, temples, or stores is an example of which kind of knowledge?

informal studying

_______ resources for immigrants consist of support for task related and practical goals, such as help with transportation and filling out job applications.

instrumental

refersto a symbolic exchange process between two(or more) individuals from different culturalcommunities as they attempt to negotiateshared meanings in an interactive situationwithin an embedded societal system

intercultural communication

An _______ construal of self involves an emphasis on the importance of fitting in with relevant others and ingroup connectedness.

interdependent

In trying to motivate his team to perform well, a coach says, "It's your responsibility to choose to work hard. You have to want to do well for yourself, not for others." This coach has which value orientation?

internal locus of control

Camille and Chika have different reactions to their equally poor performances on the first exam of the semester. Camille believes that it is her responsibility to do better and that she must make extra effort on the next exam. Chika believes that destiny or fate was involved and that sometimes external forces shape one's life events. Camille has a(n) _______ locus of control, and Chika has a(n) _______ locus of control.

internal; external

Bianca decides to come up with various possible explanations why the foreigner she just spoke to stood very close to her while conversing ("They do this in his culture;" "He had trouble hearing my quiet voice," "He was talking about a topic that he considers private"). Which aspect of the O.D.I.S. method is she practicing?

interpretation(s)

Dr. Grey realizes she has inappropriately criticized Binh Phuoc's family remedy for sprained ankles. However, because intercultural communication is a(n) _______ process, she cannot take back her remark.

irreversible

the same verbal message cannot be repeatedexactly the same way, and cannot be withdrawn or canceled.

irreversible nature

Your parents are from El Salvador, and you were born and raised in L.A. You're often quite confused about your ethnic and cultural identity in the U.S. culture—you don't feel very "mainstream American," or very El Salvadorian either. Your identity reflects the _______ identity type.

marginal

known as the attitudinalor relational aspect of the communication process, involvesthe use of multiple nonverbal cues.

nonverbal aspects of communication

shared experiences, traditions, and customs ona collective, aggregate group membership level. Note: Individualscan attach different degrees of importance to these traditions

normative culture

In the U.S., a common greeting ritual between two people involves asking the question, "How are you?" The expectation is that the other answers, "I am fine." This is an example of cultural

norms

_______ are groups with whom we feel no emotional ties, and at times we may experience great psychological distance from them and even feel competitive against them.

outgroups

What relationship can the concept of "Gan Qing" (feeling) cover?

parent and child girlfriend and boyfriend colleagues classmates

Individuals who subscribe to _______ time orientation tend to have a long-term "big picture" perspective on time.

past

context: immediate physical features andmeeting room layout, seating arrangement, etc.

physical

surface level

pop culture

_______ adjustment refers to the feelings of well-being and satisfaction during cross-cultural transitions.

psychological

context: attitude, mood, roleexpectations.

psychological

Mai studied abroad for a semester and returned home excited to tell her family and friends all about her experiences. Mai experienced a sharp sense of letdown as her family and friends quickly lost interest in her stories. Mai is experiencing which stage of the W-shaped adjustment model?

re-entry culture shock

According to culture shock research, what kind of expectations should you have about your overseas assignments?

realistic

context: types of relationships (e.g.,roommates, professor-student, manager-employee).

relational

expectations of relational definitionissues, relational closeness-distance issues, and how bothcommunicators treat the relationship in a particular setting

relational meaning

In _______ family situations, children may contradict their parents and speak their mind, whereas in _______ family situations, children are expected to obey and not contradict their parents.

small power distance; large power distance

Emma's _______ identity can include the facts that she is female, an attorney, and Latina; while her _______ identity can include that facts that she is outgoing and disorganized.

social; personal

When you reach out and cultivate friendships and social network relationships with the local host culture, you are practicing the _______ adjustment strategies.

sociocultural

_______ are temporary residents who voluntarily go abroad for a set period of time that is usually related to some instrumental or socioemotional purpose.

sojourners

individualized beliefs and values based on yourown developmental life experiences or personality traits. Note: eachperson carries her or his subjective iceberg with multilayered storiesto tell. Learn to listen, and listen some more, and listen deeply

subjective culture

According to the cultural iceberg metaphor, popular culture, which in U.S. culture includes such iconic brands as Coca-Cola and Starbucks, is which level of culture?

surface level

A(n) _______ is a sign, artifact, word or words, gesture, or nonverbal behavior that stands for or reflects something meaningful.

symbol

Use ofverbal and nonverbal symbols between aminimum of two individuals to coordinate andaccomplish shared meanings.

symbolic exchange

refers to sign, artifact, word, or gesture that stands forsomething meaningful in a cultural community. Words like "rich"and "poor" are verbal symbols; the "OK" hand gesture is anonverbal symbol. Both verbal and nonverbal symbols are wide-open to multiple cultural and personal interpretations

symbols

intermediate-level culture

symbols, meanings, and norms

The "socioeconomic conditions" of a country in welcoming or rejecting incoming cultural strangers/immigrants can be located as a _______-level factor.

systems

In the United States, examples of intermediate-level culture include

the practice of shaking hands to introduce oneself

TCK refers to _______ Kids.

third culture

In Sven's culture, people are expected to strongly adhere to cultural expectations and norms. Sven's culture would be described as a "_______" social system.

tight

deep level culture

traditions, beliefs, and values

simultaneous encoding (i.e.,sender chooses words/gestures to express intentions)and decoding (i.e., concurrently, receiver translateswords/nonverbal cues into comprehensible meanings) ofthe exchanged messages

transactional nature

Alienators are always the first ones ready to pack and go for an abroad assignment and the most dissatisfied in their re-entry home process.

true

An ethnocentric mindset can include both unconscious and conscious attitudes in favoring the ingroup standard to the exclusion of outgroup standard.

true

Global nomads refer to people of any age or nationality who have lived a significant part of their developmental years outside their passport country.

true

Individuals can attach different degrees of importance to their culture's customs and traditions.

true

We tend to equate a culture's surface-level culture as its operational real culture.

true

White U.S. Americans have a symbolic ethnicity and can choose to either identify with their European heritage or be an individual, apart from their ethnic heritage group.

true

In the staircase model of intercultural communication, the stage at which an individual is "mindlessly mindful" and can code-switch effortlessly between the two different intercultural communication systems is the _______ stage.

unconscious competence

In the staircase model of intercultural communication, the "blissfully ignorant" stage at which individuals have no culture-sensitive knowledge to communicate competently with the host members of the new culture is the _______ stage.

unconscious incompetence

Despite your young age of 24, you've worked hard to get to a top management position. You believe you deserve some formal respect and recognition from your subordinates. Your personality style emphasizes a _______ self-tendency.

vertical

Individuals with _______ motivations to leave a familiar culture and enter a new culture tend to manage their culture shock experience more effectively than individuals with _______ motivations.

voluntary; involuntary

You look forward to working in an organization that emphasizes risk-taking and encourages open discussions about conflict issues; you want to work for a workplace that values the _______ value dimension.

weak uncertainty avoidance