Ielts - Reading

glacier

"A glacier is a massive stream or sheet of ice that moves underneath itself under the influence of gravity."

ancestral knowledge

"Let's combine our ancestral knowledge with the best of modern science to help develop Viet Nam."

a triumphant journey

"Marie Curie made a triumphant journey to US to raise funds."

virtually

"Virtually all students will be exempt from the tax." thực sự, hầu như, gần như

voluntary work

"Voluntary work is certainly not the exclusive preserve of the rich."

regimen

"a daily regimen of exercise" chế độ ăn uống, tập luyện

eradication

"the eradication of weeds" sự xóa bỏ

promulgate

"to promulgate a law - ban hành một đạo luật"

robust

(Adj) strong and healthy; able to survive being used a lot and not likely to break "a robust piece of equipment"

inexorable

(a) unyielding, relentless, không khoan nhượng

iconoclastic

(adj) criticizing popular beliefs or established customs and ideas (đả phá tín ngưỡng)

ailing

(adj) having problems and getting weaker "measures to help the ailing economy"

continuum

(adj) liên tục

complication

(biến chứng sau phẫu thuật/ thuốc) a new problem or illness that makes treatment of a previous one more complicated or difficult "Infertility is one of the complications of this type of radiotherapy."

herald

(báo trước) to be a sign that something is going to happen "Voices and footsteps outside heralded their return."

ominous

(báo điềm) suggesting that something bad is going to happen in the future

intrinsic

(bản chất, thực chất; bên trong) belonging to or part of the real nature of something/somebody "the intrinsic value of education"

radiation

(bức xạ) heat, energy, etc. that is sent out in the form of rays

replenish

(cung cấp thêm, bổ sung) to make something full again by replacing what has been used "Allow me to replenish your glass."

cetacean (n,adj)

(cá voi) connected with the group of creatures that includes whales and dolphins

propeller

(cánh quạt) a device with two or more blades that turn quickly and cause a ship or an aircraft to move forward

tidal currents

(dòng thủy triều) the movement of water in the sea or a river; the movement of air in a particular direction "He swam to the shore against a strong current."

inveigle

(dụ dổ) inveigle somebody/yourself (into something/into doing something) (formal) to achieve control over somebody in a clever and dishonest way, especially so that they will do what you want "He inveigled himself into her affections (= dishonestly made her love him)."

apparatus

(dụng cụ) the tools or other pieces of equipment that are needed for a particular activity or task "a piece of laboratory apparatus"

embark on something | embark upon something

(formal) to start to do something new or difficult "She is about to embark on a diplomatic career."

abate

(giãm bớt) to become less strong; to make something less strong "The storm showed no signs of abating."

mandrake

(giống cây độc) a poisonous plant used to make drugs, especially ones to make people sleep, thought in the past to have magic powers

untangle

(gỡ rối) to make something that is complicated or confusing easier to deal with or understand "It will not be easy to untangle his financial affairs."

configuration

(hình thể, hình dạng) an arrangement of the parts of something or a group of things; the form or shape that this arrangement produces

inhale

(hít ) to take air, smoke, gas, etc. into your lungs as you breathe "inhaling the toxic compound caused a strange euphoria, tears, and sometimes unconsciousness"

vapour

(hơi nước) a mass of very small drops of liquid in the air, for example steam "water vapour"

fleet

(hạm đội) a group of military ships commanded by the same person a fleet of destroyers "Nelson destroyed the Franco-Spanish fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar."

in the offing

(informal) likely to appear or happen soon "I hear there are more staff changes in the offing."

irreversible

(không thể đảo ngược lại; không thể thay đổi được) that cannot be changed back to what it was before "an irreversible change/decline/decision"

tumor

(khối u) a mass of cells growing in or on a part of the body where they should not, usually causing medical problems

splutter

(sự nói lắp bắp) to speak quickly and with difficulty, making soft spitting sounds, because you are angry or embarrassed " 'But, but...you can't!' she spluttered."

absurdity

(sự vô lý; sự ngu xuẩn, sự ngớ ngẩn) the quality of being completely ridiculous and not logical and sensible "It was only later that she could see the absurdity of the situation."

coercion

(sự ép buộc) the action of making somebody do something that they do not want to do, using force or threatening to use force "He claimed he had only acted under coercion."

collision (v,n)

(sự đụng, sự va) an accident in which two vehicles or people crash into each other "a collision between two trains"

fetus

(thai, bào thai) noun a young human or animal before it is born, especially a human more than eight weeks after fertilization

moraines

(địa lý, địa chất) băng tích "Many are created by moraines, which occur at the sides and front of a glacier."

theorem

(định lý) a rule or principle, especially in mathematics, that can be proved to be true "a mathematical theorem"

synchronize

(đồng bộ hoá; xảy ra đồng thời) to happen at the same time or to move at the same speed as something; to make something do this "The sound track did not synchronize with the action."

deviation

(độ lệch) the act of moving away from what is normal or acceptable; a difference from what is expected or acceptable "deviation from the previously accepted norms"

ubiquitous

(ở đâu cũng có; đồng thời ở khắp nơi) seeming to be everywhere or in several places at the same time; very common "the ubiquitous bicycles of university towns"

manifold

(rất nhiều; nhiều vẻ) many; of many different types "The possibilities were manifold."

mutation

(sinh vật học) đột biến; sự thay đổi, sự biến đổi "genetic mutations"

nuance

(sắc thái) a very slight difference in meaning, sound, colour or somebody's feelings that is not usually very obvious "He watched her face intently to catch every nuance of expression."

estrangement

(sự làm cho xa rời, sự làm cho ghẻ lạnh) the state of being estranged; a period of being estranged "a period of estrangement from his wife"

aroma

a pleasant, noticeable smell (aroma >< odour) mùi thơm

supremacy

a position in which you have more power, authority or status than anyone else (quyền tối cao)

reel

a round object around which you wind such things as thread, wire or film; a reel together with the film, wire, thread, etc. that is wound around it "a cotton reel"

defoliant

a chemical that removes the leaves from plants, sometimes used as a weapon in war (chất làm rụng lá)

insecticides

a chemical used for killing insects thuốc diệt côn trùng

hue

a colour; a particular shade of a colour (màu sắc)

refrain (noun)

a comment or complaint that is often repeated "Complaints about poor food in schools have become a familiar refrain."

precinct

a commercial area in a town where cars cannot go "a pedestrian/shopping precinct"

vibration

a continuous shaking movement or feeling "We could feel the vibrations from the trucks passing outside."

motif

a design or a pattern used as a decoration "wallpaper with a flower motif"

aspirator

a device or machine used for sucking liquid from a person's body máy hút (hơi, mủ...)

disparity

a difference, especially one connected with unfair treatment "the wide disparity between rich and poor"

plight

a difficult and sad situation "the plight of the homeless"

potion

a drink of medicine or poison; a liquid with magic power "a magic/love potion"

nostalgia

a feeling of sadness mixed with pleasure and affection when you think of happy times in the past (hoài cổ) "a sense/wave/pang of nostalgia" "She is filled with nostalgia for her own college days."

testimonial

a formal written statement, often by a former employer, about somebody's abilities, qualities and character; a formal written statement about the quality of something (giấy chứng nhận, giấy chứng thực) "a glowing testimonial"

contingent

a group of people at a meeting or an event who have something in common, especially the place they come from, that is not shared by other people at the event

cohort

a group of people who share a common feature or aspect of behaviour "the 1999 birth cohort (= all those born in 1999)"

cluster

a group of people, animals or things close together tụm lại, tụ họp lại

dwelling

a house, flat/apartment, etc. where a person lives "The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices."

spouse

a husband or wife "Fill in your spouse's name here."

anecdotes

a short, interesting or amusing story about a real person or event giai thoại

morsel

a small amount or a piece of something, especially food (miếng, mấu) "a tasty morsel of food"

weevil

a small insect with a hard shell, that eats grain, nuts and other seeds and destroys crops

fraction

a small part or amount of something

temporal hour

a unit of time used in the Roman and Ottoman empires that divided the daylight into an equal number of hours, resulting in long summer hours and short winter hours

replica (noun of replicate)

a very good or exact copy of something "a replica of the Eiffel Tower"

pinprick

a very small hole in something, especially one that has been made by a pin

storey

a level of a building; a floor

circuit

a line, route or journey around a place "a circuit in brain" = mạch trong não

gondola

a long boat with a flat bottom and high parts at each end, used on canals in Venice

rumbling

a long deep sound or series of sounds "the rumblings of thunder"

timber

a long heavy piece of wood used in building a house or ship "The house has exposed oak timbers.

axle

a long straight piece of metal that connects a pair of wheels on a vehicle

psychodrama

a way of treating people who are mentally ill by encouraging them to act events from their past to help them understand their feelings

expanse

a wide and open area of something, especially land or water (khoảng rộng) "a wide/vast expanse of blue sky"

compatible

able to be used together (hợp, thích hợp, tương hợp)

amphibious

able to live both on land and in water (lưỡng cư, vừa ở cạn vừa ở nước)

nifty contraption

a machine or piece of equipment that looks strange, skilful and accurate. (thiết bị trông dị nhưng chất lượng) "Bill Gates answers Mark Zukerberg's 'Ice Bucket Challenge' with nifty contraption"

avalanche

a mass of snow, ice and rock that falls down the side of a mountain "alpine villages destroyed in an avalanche"

suggestopedic

a method of teaching a foreign language in which students learn quickly by being made to feel relaxed, interested and positive

facet

a particular part or aspect of something (mặt, khía cạnh (vấn đề...)) "Now let's look at another facet of the problem."

spectacle

a performance or an event that is very impressive and exciting to look at "The carnival parade was a magnificent spectacle."

middleman

a person or a company that buys goods from the company that makes them and sells them to somebody else "Buy direct from the manufacturer and cut out the middleman."

iconoclast

a person who criticizes popular beliefs or established customs and ideas

adept

a person who is good at doing something that is quite difficult "He was an adept at concealing the truth."

adherent

a person who supports a political party or set of ideas

scheme

a plan or system for doing or organizing something "Employing grand schemes (Đề án lớn) to slow down or reverse the process of global warming."

feat

accomplishment, achievement, thành tựu

inherently

according to or because of the basic nature of somebody/something (vốn có, cố hữu) "an inherently unworkable system" "This meant he was in danger of falling off the bicycle and injuring himself if he lost his balance. Despite this inherent danger, "high wheelers" became very popular in England."

nocturnal

active at night "These animals are strictly nocturnal."

a new lease of life

an ​occasion when you ​become more ​energetic and ​active than before "His ​grandchildren have given him a new ​lease of ​life."

sea turbines

and wind turbines

identical twins

anh em sinh đôi giống hệt

bottleneck

anything that delays development or progress, particularly in business or industry "to create/eliminate bottlenecks in the manufacturing process"

tempting

attractive, and makes people want to have it, do it, etc. "It was a tempting offer."

hard-won autonomy

autonomy that is really hard to win

enact

ban hành (đạo luật); đóng, diễn (vai kịch... trên sân khấu, trong đời sống)

beleaguer

bao vây, quấy rồi, làm phiền

empirical

based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories "empirical evidence/knowledge/research"

devious

behaving in a dishonest or indirect way, or tricking people, in order to get something (không ngay thẳng; xa xôi, hẻo lánh

authoritarian (adj/n)

believing that people should obey authority and rules, even when these are unfair, and even if it means that they lose their personal freedom (người độc đoán) "an authoritarian regime/government/state"

vanish

biến mất

variant (adj/noun)

biến thể "a common variant of human nature"

blight

blight something to spoil or damage something, especially by causing a lot of problems "His career has been blighted by injuries"

undaunted

brave, intrepid không bị khuất phục

refute

bác bỏ

hemisphere

bán cầu "the Northern hemisphere - bán cầu bắc"

confectionary

bánh kẹo

abolish

bãi bỏ

thunderstorm

bão tố có sấm sét

secrecy

bí mật "Everyone involved was sworn to secrecy."

esoteric

bí truyền; bí mật; riêng tư

depths of space

bí ẩn, chiều sâu không gian "The message was sent out in the depths of space".

compost (n,v)

bón phân, trộn "Cover the area with composted bark or peat."

glossy

bóng loáng, hào nhoáng

sludge

bùn đặc, bùn quánh; tảng băng trôi

conveyor belt

băng chuyền

span

băng qua, bắc qua, nối, sải cánh

comrade

bạn, đồng chí

the nature of genius

bản chất của thiên tài

essence of human culture

bản chất của văn hóa nhân loại; nước hoa

indigenous

bản xứ

elitist conservatism

bảo thủ ưu tú

regardless of

bất chấp

adverse

bất lợi

abruptly

bất ngờ, đột ngột in a sudden,and often unpleasant way

constrain

bắt buộc, bắt ép, cưỡng épg "constrain the damage"

entwine

bện, tết "The balcony was entwined with roses."

potato blight

bệnh bạc lá khoai

age-related diseases

bệnh liên quan đến tuổi tác

malaria

bệnh sốt rét

supersede

bỏ, không dùng, thay thế

cement powder

bột xi măng

diminish

bớt, giảm

brink of collapse

bờ vực của sự sụp đổ

sagebrush

bụi cây ngải đắng

refrain

cai, bỏ "Please refrain from smoking."

pledge

cam kết

lethal

causing or able to cause death "a lethal weapon" gây chết người

disruptive

causing problems, noise gây rối

focal

central; very important; connected with or providing a focus "Orcas may be the best species to use as a focal point in bringing about the many changes that need to be made in order to protect the marine environment"

canary

chim vàng anh

crusade

chiến dịch; cuộc vận động lớn "to lead a crusade against crime"

warship

chiến hạm

tactic

chiến thuật

contend

chiến đấu, đấu tranh "to contend for the truth - đấu tranh cho chân lý"

illuminate

chiếu sáng, soi sáng, khai trí cho

attribute

cho là do, quy cho "to attribute one's success to hard work - cho thành công là do sự cần cù"

warrant

cho quyền; đảm bảo, chứng thực "Further investigation is clearly warranted."

space probe

chuyến thăm dò không gian

foraging trip

chuyến đi tìm kiếm thức ăn

tout

chào khách; chào hàng, chào sân (advertise: promote, talk up)

forelimb

chân trước

lead

chì

flee

chạy trốn, bỏ chạy; lẩn trốn; biến mất; qua đi, trôi qua "the night had fled"

cellular fluid

chất lỏng di động

fluid

chất lỏng; lỏng, dễ cháy; hay thay đổi "body fluids"

stunt

chặn lại không cho phát triển, làm cằn cỗi, làm còi cọc

dietary

chế độ ăn uống "By the late 1700s, the dietary value of the potato had been discovered, and the monarchs of Europe ordered the vegetable to be widely planted. "

starve

chết đói

perish

chết; bỏ mạng; tàn lụi; hỏng đi "Thousands perished at the hands of the invading forces."

prop

chống đỡ, làm chỗ dựa cho

radical liberalism

chủ nghĩa tự do cực đoan

dementia

chứng mất trí

arthritis

chứng viêm khớp

arteriosclerosis

chứng xơ cứng động mạch

hieroglyph

chữ tượng hình

explicit(a)

clear, rõ ràng, dễ hiểu

distinct (adj)

clearly different or of a different kind; easily or clearly heard, seen, felt, etc. "rural areas, as distinct from major cities"

compact

compact something: to press something together firmly "a layer of compacted snow"

intact

complete and not damaged (còn nguyên, còn trinh) "Most of the house remains intact even after two hundred years."

intolerable

completely unacceptable "Her behaviour has become intolerable." "intolerable vulgarization"

fuzzy

confused and not expressed clearly "fuzzy ideas/thinking"

cardiovascular

connected with the heart and the blood vessels (Adj) thuộc tim mạch

up-to-the-minute

constituting or including the very latest information "up-to-the-minute technology"

cirque

corrie = a round hollow area in the side of a mountain (thung lũng vòng (ven sườn núi))

vital

crucial, important

ultimately

cuối cùng, sau cùng

pamphlet

cuốn sách nhỏ

herring

cá trích

dried cod

cá tuyết khô

identity

cá tính, nét nhận dạng

stakeholder

các bên liên quan

escapement

cái hồi (ở đồng hồ); lối thoát ra

peg

cái móc

wedge

cái nêm

funnel

cái phễu

vogue

cái đang thịnh hành "it is now the vogue - cái đó hiện nay là cái mốt, cái đó đang thịnh hành"

contingent (Adj)

còn tuỳ thuộc vào việc gì

conceivable

có thể hiểu được, khả thi, có thể nhận thức được

portable

có thể mang theo, xách tay - portable radio - máy thu thanh xách tay

substantial

có thực chất, quan trọng, giàu có - large in amount, value or importance

notorious

có tiếng xấu "a notorious criminal"

impinge

có tác hại xấu

plausible

có vẻ hợp lý, có vẻ đúng (lời nói, lý lẽ) "a plausible argument - một lý lẽ có vẻ hợp lý"

equitable

công bằng "an equitable distribution of resources"

pulp industry

công nghiệp bột giấy

fishery

công nghiệp cá; nghề cá

preparatory work

công tác chuẩn bị

radically

căn bản, tận gốc, hoàn toàn triệt để "Attitudes have changed radically."

organism

cơ quan, tổ chức "The cell is the unit of which all living organisms are composed."

rob somebody of something to do something

cướp mất của ai cái gì "TV robs us of the time to interact with the real people".

emulate

cạnh tranh với; tích cực noi gương "She hopes to emulate her sister's sporting achievements."

sensor

cảm biến

sensation

cảm giác "I had a sensation of falling, as if in a dream."

apologetic

cảm thấy có lỗi

secrete

cất, giấu; tiết ra

constitute

cấu thành, cấu tạo

footbridge

cầu đi bộ

curtail

cắt bớt, rút ngắn

weed

cỏ dại

relief efforts

cố gắng xoa dịu "The new Prime Minister, Lord John Russell, allowed assistant Charles Trevelyan to take complete control over all of the relief efforts in Ireland".

aqueduct

cống nước

sewer

cống rãnh

resonance

cộng hưởng

hailstone

cục mưa đá

precarious

dangerous and uncertain nguy hiểm, không chắc chắn

natural wear and tear

deterioration or depreciation

bully

du côn

nomadic

du mục

gait

dáng đi

surge

dâng lên

thaw

dã đông

faint signal

dấu hiệu mờ nhạt

slope

dốc, đường dốc, chỗ dốc "Cirques often have a lip on their' down slope that is deep enough to hold small lakes when the ice melts away".

entice

dụ dỗ

rig up

dựng lên; (hàng hải) cách sắp đặt, các thiết bị (như buồm, cột buồm, dây thừng trên tàu thuyền)

amygdala

either of two areas in the brain that are linked to memory, the emotions and the sense of smell "differences between the left and right amygdala"

electronic mail

email

desolate

empty and without people, making you feel sad or frightened hoang vắng

saline environment

environment containing salt "Wash the lenses in saline solution."

sizeable

fairly large "The town has a sizeable Sikh population."

renowed

famous

verdant

fresh and green "Turning verdant, natural ecozones into semi-arid deserts."

exotic

from or in another country, especially a tropical one; seeming exciting and unusual because it is connected with foreign countries "brightly-coloured exotic flowers/plants/birds"

encode

ghi thành mật mã (điện...) "encode in genes"

incremental

gia tăng

outright fraud

gian lận hoàn toàn

transaction

giao dịch

disseminate

gieo rắc; phổ biến, khuếch tán "Their findings have been widely disseminated."

cradle

giàn giữ tàu ((hàng hải))

degrade

giáng chức, thoái hoá

monsoon

gió mùa

freed

giải phóng

sift

giần, sàng, rắc

tenor

giọng nam cao

astronomical hour

giờ thiên văn

retain

giữ lại

longitudinal

going downwards rather than across "The plant's stem is marked with thin green longitudinal stripes."

favorable

good for something and making it likely to be successful or have an advantage "The potato blight itself still plagues the Irish people during certain growing seasons when weather conditions are favorable for the fungus to thrive."

partridge

gà gô

verbal and physical aggression

gây hấn bằng lời nói và thể chất

anesthesiology

gây mê

jeopardise

gây nguy hiểm "He would never do anything to jeopardize his career."

induce

gây ra "drugs which induce sleep" xui khiến "Nothing would induce me to take the job." kết luận gì

parallax angle

góc thị sai

adobe

gạch sống (phơi nắng, không nung)

scrawny

gầy xơ xác "He had long scrawny fingers."

comprise

gồm có, bao gồm

woodchips

gỗ vụn

evoke

gợi lên, khơi gợi

intrigue

gợi thích thú, kích thích tò mò, mưu đồ "The idea intrigued her."

detrimental

harmful "the sun's detrimental effect on skin" có hại

vertebrate

having a backbone (có xương sống)

intricate

having a lot of different parts and small details that fit together (rắc rối, phức tạp) "an intricate network of loyalties and relationships"

fragrant

having a pleasant smell "The air was fragrant with scents from the sea and the hills."

tinted

having a small amount of colour added "tinted glasses"

auditory function deficit

hearing impairment = hearing loss = thâm hụt chức năng thính giác

suction effect

hiệu ứng hút, dính

baroque

hoa mỹ, hoa lệ

sceptical

hoài nghi, đa nghi, hay ngờ vực

harmonise

hài hoà với nhau, hoà hợp với nhau

hedgerow

hàng rào

passageway

hành lang

persistent bullying

hành động xúc phạm (tinh thần và thể chất) liên tục

halo of light

hào quang của ánh sáng

arch

hình cung, uốn cong

geometry

hình học

synthetic chemicals

hóa chất tổng hợp

beacon

hải đăng

pitfall trap

hầm bẫy

descendant

hậu duệ

codify

hệ thống hoá; lập điều lệ Comments and discussion on the word "

notational system

hệ thống kí hiệu

pulley system

hệ thống ròng rọc

bribe

hối lộ

loch

hồ

legitimately

hợp pháp

crystallized ice

ice preserved in and covered with sugar

abstract idea

idea that is existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical reality

if at all possible/feasible

if it can be done "Do your best to come home from work early, if at all possible."

undeterred

if somebody is undeterred by something, they do not allow it to stop them from doing something (nao núng)

voraciously

in a way that involves eating or wanting large amounts of food "Some animals feed voraciously in summer and hibernate in winter".

meticulously

in a way that pays careful attention to every detail "a meticulously planned schedule"

eloquently

in a way that uses language and expresses your opinions well, especially when you are speaking in public (hùng hồn) "She spoke eloquently on the subject."

exhaustive

including everything possible; very thorough or complete thấu đáo, toàn diện

effluent

iquid waste, especially chemicals produced by factories, or sewage

exploit

khai thác, bóc lột

scarce

khan hiếm, ít có, thiếu, khó tìm "a scarce book sách hiếm, sách khó tìm"

armoury

kho vũ khí

exhaust fumes

khí thải "Boats spewed out a lot of exhaust fumes on the surface of the water"

troublesome

khó chịu, phiền hà, mệt nhọc (adj)

undisputed

không bị cãi lại

unblemished

không có vết nhơ "her pale unblemished skin"

unrivalled

không gì sánh được, vô song, vô địch

intermittently

không liên tục

ceaseless

không ngừng

sedentary

không năng động/ngồi nhiều

incongruous

không phù hợp

undisciplined

không vào khuôn phép, vô kỷ luật

unaided

không được giúp đỡ

sense of identity

khả năng nhận dạng "Young children's sense of identity"

resilience

khả năng phục hồi, tính kiên cường

viable

khả thi

archaeology

khảo cổ học

harsh

khắc nghiệt, ác nghiệt

severity

khốc liệt, nghiêm khắc

colossal

khổng lồ, to lớn

onset of statehood

khởi đầu của một nhà nước

olfaction

khứu giác

chronic

kinh niên, thường xuyên "a chronic disease - bệnh kinh niên"

longitude

kinh độ (trái đất)

persistent

kiên gan, bền bỉ "She can be very persistent when she wants something."

perseverance

kiên trì

prescribe

kê đơn

sensory stimulus

kích thích giác quan

physiological arousal

kích thích sinh lý

irritate

kích thích; làm tấy lên; chọc tức "Some drugs can irritate the lining of the stomach."

parasite

ký sinh trùng

foe

kẻ thù, kẻ địch

condemn

kết án, kết tội, xử, xử phạt, bắt buộc, ép "to be condemned to death - bị kết án tội tử hình"

uncanny

kỳ lạ, huyền bí

interbred

lai giống

interminable

lasting a very long time and therefore boring or annoying (dài dòng, tràng giang đại hải) "an interminable speech/wait/discussion"

enduring

lasting for a long time "enduring memories" lâu dài, vĩnh viễn, dai dẳng

dispiriting

making somebody lose their hope or enthusiasm "a dispiriting experience/failure"

distressing

making you feel extremely upset, especially because of somebody's suffering làm lo âu ,làm đau buồn,đau khổ

technological marvel

marvels are wonderful results or things that have been achieved "Engineers admire Segways as a technological marvel. "

ambiguous

not clearly stated or defined; that can be understood in more than one way; having different meanings "His role has always been ambiguous."

unscathed

not hurt

trivial

not important or serious; not worth considering "a trivial detail"

inconsequential

not important or worth considering "inconsequential details

stationary

not moving; not intended to be moved "Models used for the purpose have treated the oceans as passive, stationary and one-dimensional".

spontaneous

not planned but done because you suddenly want to do it "a spontaneous offer of help"

dissonant

not sounding pleasant together "dissonant chords/notes/music"

mediocre

not very good; of only average standard tầm thường

dismantle

phá huỷ, tháo dỡ "The steel mill was dismantled piece by piece."

marvellous invention

phát minh kì diệu

molecular

phân tử

molecule

phân tử

faecal

phân, cặn

run down laboratory

phòng thí nghiệm xuống cấp

chamber

phòng, viện, buồng "chamber of commerce - phòng thương mại"

magnify

phóng đại, kính lúp

remedy

phương thuốc; cách điều trị "There is no simple remedy for unemployment."

jurisdiction

phạm vi quyền hạn "Practice varies between different European jurisdictions."

counter-productive

phản tác dụng

fear response

phản ứng sợ hãi

right brain and left brain

right brain (intuitive) and left brain (analytical, numerical)

steep

rising or falling quickly, not gradually "a steep hill/slope/bank" "a steep decline in the birth rate" "steeper walls - bức tường dốc"

seaweed

rong biển

coarse

rough; consisting of relatively large pieces thô

filth

rác rưởi

retreat

rút lui

ecological disorders

rối loạn sinh thái

bountiful

rộng rãi, hào phóng; phong phú dồi dào "a bountiful supply of food"

perceptual

relating to the ability to perceive things or the process of perceiving (cảm nhận) "perceptual skills"

withstand

resist, stand up to chống chọi

prestigious

respected and admired as very important or of very high quality "a prestigious award"

subatomic

smaller than, or found in, an atom "subatomic particles" (hạ nguyên tử)

guiding spirit/ light

someone who influences a person or group and shows them how to do something successfully "She was the founder of the company, and for forty years its guiding light."

impediment

something that delays or stops the progress of something "The level of inflation is a serious impediment to economic recovery."

homage

something that is said or done to show respect for somebody (sự tôn kính; lòng kính trọng) "He describes his book as "a homage to my father."

compensation

something, especially money, that somebody gives you because they have hurt you, or damaged something that you own; the act of giving this to somebody; things that make a bad situation better "She received a cash sum by way of compensation." "I wish I were young again, but getting older has its compensations."

sonar

sonar là loại sóng chỉ dùng phát hiện vật dưới biển, còn radar dùng ở trên cạn là chính

deduce

suy ra, luận ra, suy luận, suy diễn

rudimentary

sơ bộ, sơ đẳng, bước đầu

crop yield

sản lượng mùa màng

staple

sản phẩm chủ yếu "The staple crop is rice."

by-product

sản phẩm phụ

lump sum

số tiền trả gọn một lúc "lump-sum contract hợp đồng trọn gói"

live on little more than bread and butter

sống vất vả

glass ribbon

sợi thủy tinh

vigor

sức mạnh, khí lực

chronicle

sử biên niên; ký sự niên đại

acidification

sự axit hoá

manifestation

sự biểu lộ, sự biểu thị

excretion

sự bài tiết, sự thải ra

intrusion

sự bắt người khác phải chịu đựng mình; sự xâm phạm, sự xâm nhập

retrenchment

sự bớt, sự giảm bớt "retrenchment conditions"

distaste

sự chán ghét

derision

sự chế nhạo, sự nhạo báng

resistance

sự chống lại, sự phản đối, sự kháng cự

jerk

sự co giật, phản xạ

laughter

sự cười, tiếng cười

telepathy

sự cảm từ xa

hindrance

sự cản trở

reinforcement

sự củng cố, tăng cường

oscillation

sự dao động

reverberation

sự dội lại, sự vang (âm thanh)

hardship

sự gian khổ

surveillance

sự giám sát "to be under surveillance - bị giám sát, bị theo dõi"

constraint

sự hạn chế,sự ràng buộc "constraints of time/money/space"

discrepancy

sự khác nhau, sự không thống nhất, sự bất đồng

stimulus

sự kích thích; tác dụng kích thích

precipitation

sự kết tủa, sự lắng, chất kết tủa, chất lắng, lượng mưa

urban spraw

sự lan rộng

enervation

sự làm yếu, sự làm suy yếu

manipulative

sự lôi kéo, sự vận động

circulation

sự lưu thông, tuần hoàn

tranquillity

sự lặng lẽ, sự yên lặng, sự yên tĩnh; sự thanh bình

fatigue

sự mệt mỏi, sự mệt nhọc

curse

sự nguyền rủa, sự chửi rủa, lời thề độc

trim

sự ngăn nắp, sự gọn gàng; cắt, hớt, tỉa

diffraction

sự nhiễu xạ "diffraction of light - sự nhiễu xạ ánh sáng"

burst

sự nổ tung, sự bùng lên

dispersal

sự phân tán

sanction

sự phê chuẩn, sự thừa nhận; hình phạt; khen thưởng

radioactivity

sự phóng xạ

exposure

sự phơi nhiễm "Marie Curie died as a result of leukaemia caused by exposure to radiation."

denigration

sự phỉ báng, sự gièm pha, sự chê bai

photosynthesis

sự quang hợp

tremor

sự rung động, sự chấn động

proliferation

sự sinh sôi nảy nở "attempts to prevent cancer cell proliferation"

affiliation

sự sát nhập, sự nhập đoàn "He was arrested because of his political affiliation

subsistence

sự sống, sự sinh sống; sinh kế

modification

sự sửa/biến đổi; sự làm giảm nhẹ

vantage

sự thuận lợi, sự hơn thế place (point) of vantage - vị trí thuận lợi

hypnosis

sự thôi miên

credence

sự tin; lòng tin; tín ngưỡng "Historical evidence lends credence to his theory."

refinement

sự tinh chế; cái hay; thủ đoạn tinh vi

medium

sự trung gian, sự môi giới

coincidence

sự trùng hợp ngẫu nhiên

credibility

sự tín nhiệm

correlation

sự tương quan

irrigation

sự tưới tiêu, thủy lợi

narrative

sự tường thuật, dẫn truyện

halt

sự tạm nghỉ, sự tạm dừng lại

incarnation

sự tạo hình hài cụ thể; hiện thân

fertility

sự tốt, sự màu mỡ (đất); có khả năng sinh sản

discretion

sự tự do làm theo ý mình "at discretion - tuỳ ý, mặc ý, không điều kiện"

mandate (noun/verb)

sự uỷ nhiệm, sự uỷ thác

scrutiny

sự xem xét kỹ lưỡng

excavation

sự đào; hố đào; sự khai quật

appraisal

sự đánh giá; sự định giá

attainment

sự đạt được

numeration

sự đếm; hệ thống đếm

opposition

sự đối lập, sự chống lại, sự phản đối; phe đối lập

ailment

sự ốm đau bệnh tật, sự khổ sở

handrail

tay vịn cầu thang

eye-catching

tending to attract attention; striking "eye-catching idea"

tangible

that can be clearly seen to exist "tangible benefits/improvements/results, etc"

perceptiveness

the ability to see or understand things quickly, especially things that are not obvious

molestation

the act of attacking somebody, especially a child, sexually

volume

the amount of something "volume of traffic in peak hour"

traffic density

the amount of space for traffic available

riverbed

the area of ground over which a river usually flows

intricacy

the complicated parts or details of something "the intricacies of economic policy"

rigour

the fact of being careful and paying great attention to detail "academic/intellectual/scientific, etc. rigour"

emergence

the fact of starting to exist or becoming known for the first time "the emergence of new technologies"

obstruction

the fact of trying to prevent something/somebody from making progress (tắc nghẽn); something that blocks a road, an entrance, etc.(vật cản)

prototype

the first design of something from which other forms are copied or developed "the prototype of the modern bicycle"

advocacy

the giving of public support to an idea, a course of action or a belief "He won the Peace Prize for his advocacy of non-violent protest."

slaughter

the killing of animals for their meat giết thịt

downfall

the loss of a person's money, power, social position, etc.; the thing that causes this "The sex scandal finally led to his downfall."

psyche

the mind; your deepest feelings and attitudes tinh thần

ethos

the moral ideas and attitudes that belong to a particular group or society "an ability to fit into the ethos of an organization"

tenure

the period of time when somebody holds an important job, especially a political one; the act of holding an important job (sự chiếm hữu, nhiệm kỳ) "his four-year tenure as President"

cannibalism

the practice of eating human flesh

heredity

the process by which mental and physical characteristics are passed by parents to their children; these characteristics in a particular person (sự di truyền) "the debate over the effects of heredity and environment"

convergence

the process of moving together from different directions and meeting; the point where this happens (hội tụ); the process of becoming very similar or the same "The city was a natural point of convergence for river-based traffic." "The convergence of mobile technology and the Internet will continue to revolutionize the way businesses interact with consumers."

degradation

the process of something being damaged or made worse (suy thoái) "environmental degradation"

vulgarization

the process of spoiling something by changing it so that it is more ordinary than before and not of such a high standard (sự thông tục hoá, sự tầm thường hoá)

authenticity

the quality of being genuine or true (xác thực) "A sentry checked the ID card's authenticity then activated the electronic turnstile."

veracity

the quality of being true; the habit of telling the truth (sự thành thật) "They questioned the veracity of her story."

taxonomy

the scientific process of classifying things (= arranging them into groups) phân loại

physics of universe

the scientific study of matter and energy and the relationships between them in universe (khoa học vũ trụ)

sediment

the solid material that settles at the bottom of a liquid (trầm tích)

congestion

the state of being crowded and full of traffic sự tắc nghẽn

ribcage

the structure of curved bones (called ribs ), that surrounds and protects the chest

echolocation

the use of reflected sound waves for finding things, especially by creatures such as dolphins and bats

slender

thin in an attractive or elegant way mảnh khảnh, mảnh mai

job aptitude

thiên hướng nghề nghiệp

flaw

thiếu sót, sai lầm; cơn gió mạnh; vết nứt, chỗ rạn;

reckless

thiếu thận trọng, liều lĩnh "a reckless decision - một quyết định liều lĩnh"

yarn

thread that has been spun, used for knitting, making cloth, etc.

herbicide

thuốc diệt cỏ

chloroform

thuốc mê "a clear liquid used in the past in medicine, etc. to make people unconscious, for example before an operation"

synthetic dyes

thuốc nhuộm tổng hợp

elixir

thuốc tiên "the elixir of life/youth"

maternal

thuộc về mẹ "maternal education = education for mother"

mercury

thuỷ ngân

unravel

tháo ra, gỡ mối (chỉ) unravel (something): if you unravel threads that are twisted, woven or knitted, or if they unravel, they become separated "I unravelled the string and wound it into a ball."

intimately

thân mật, sâu sắc

envy

thèm muốn, ghen tị, đố kỵ

mannerism

thói cầu kì, kiểu cách "nervous/odd/irritating mannerisms"

hypnotic

thôi miên

ventilation

thông gió

probe

thăm dò, điều tra "He didn't like the media probing into his past."

anticipate

thấy trước, biết trước, làm trước

divinity

thần thánh

prodigies and genius

thần đồng và thiên tài

preceding generations

thế hệ trước

infancy

thời thơ ấu "to die in infancy"

morale

tinh thần, nhuệ khí, ý chí

ice crystals

tinh thể băng

subtle

tinh tế, ngầm, hidden, not clear

echo

tiếng dội, tiếng vang

sparingly

tiết kiệm

prehistoric

tiền sử

premise

tiền đề

feasible

tiện lợi, có thể làm được

embrace

to adopt, accept

bombard somebody/something (with something)

to attack somebody with a lot of questions, criticisms, etc. or by giving them too much information "We are bombarded daily with propaganda about what we should eat."

shun

to avoid somebody/something "She was shunned by her family when she remarried."

denote

to be a sign of something (Biểu hiện, biểu thị)

immerse yourself/somebody in something

to become or make somebody completely involved in something "She immersed herself in her work."

escalate

to become or make something greater, worse, more serious, etc. "The fighting escalated into a full-scale war."

bleach

to become white or pale by a chemical process or by the effect of light from the sun; to make something white or pale in this way "bones of animals bleaching in the sun"

rear

to care for young children or animals until they are fully grown (raise) "Lions usually manage to rear about half the number of cubs born to them".

tease out

to carefully separate particular facts from a great deal of information "Teasing out the mysteries of climate change"

take a toll

to cause damage or wear by using something or by hard living. "Years of sunbathing took a toll on Mary's skin."

plague

to cause pain or trouble to somebody/something over a period of time dịch bệnh,tai họa

dog

to cause you trouble for a long time "He had been dogged by ill health all his life."

revolutionize

to completely change the way that something is done "By the end of those 100 years, bicycles had revolutionized the way people travel from place to place."

linger

to continue to exist for longer than expected "The faint smell of her perfume lingered in the room."

pave the way (for somebody/something)

to create a situation in which somebody will be able to do something or something can happen. "This decision paved the way for changes in employment rights for women."

traverse

to cross an area of land or water "skiers traversing the slopes"

mishandle

to deal badly with a problem or situation "The warship was mishandled by undisciplined crew."

emblazon

to decorate something with a design, a symbol or words so that people will notice it easily "baseball caps emblazoned with the team's logo"

impede

to delay or stop the progress of something "Work on the building was impeded by severe weather."

devour

to eat all of something quickly, especially because you are very hungry ăn ngấu nghiến

thrill

to excite or please somebody very much

conceive

to form an idea, a plan (Thai nghén trong óc, Nghĩ, hiểu, quan điểm được, nhận thức)

distill

to get the essential meaning or ideas from thoughts, information, experiences, etc. (chưng cất) "The notes I made on my travels were distilled into a book."

penetrate

to go into or through something; xuyên qua, đâm thủng

recur

to happen again or a number of times "This theme recurs several times throughout the book."

take a toll on something

to have a bad effect on someone or something "Drug abuse takes quite a toll on the lives of people."

conceal

to hide somebody/something "conceal somebody/something: The paintings were concealed beneath a thick layer of plaster."

proliferate

to increase rapidly in number or amount sinh sôi nảy nở

decimate

to kill large numbers of animals, plants or people in a particular area "The rabbit population was decimated by the disease."

scrutinise

to look at or examine somebody/something carefully "The scientists have also crutinised whehter it is possible to preserve the ice sheets of Greenland with reinforced high-tension cables."

mimic

to look or behave like something else "The robot was programmed to mimic a series of human movements."

engender

to make a feeling or situation exist (sinh ra, gây ra, đem lại) "The issue engendered controversy."

parch

to make an area of land very dry làm khô dần

grimace

to make an ugly expression with your face to show pain, disgust, etc. "He grimaced at the bitter taste."

somebody tobe exposed to something

to make it ​likely that someone will ​experience something ​harmful or ​unpleasant

inflict

to make somebody/something suffer something unpleasant gây ra

spur

to make something happen faster or sooner "Greater environmental awareness has spurred a fundamental change in attitude in the community, in government and in industry itself.."

alleviate

to make something less severe "Rather than physicians or nurses who administered pain relief as part of their profession, anesthesiologists became specialists in suppressing consciousness and alleviating pain."

detract from something

to make something seem less good or enjoyable "He was determined not to let anything detract from his enjoyment of the trip."

dampen

to make something slightly wet; to make something such as a feeling or a reaction less strong

resort to do something

to make use of something, especially something bad, as a means of achieving something, often because there is no other possible solution

refract

to make waves, such as those of light, sound or energy, change direction when they go through at an angle (khúc xạ)

tantalize

to make you want something that you cannot have or do (nhử trêu ngươi)

elude

to manage to avoid or escape from somebody/ something, especially in a clever way (trốn tránh) "The two men managed to elude the police for six weeks."

disperse

to move apart and go away in different directions phân tán

recede

to move gradually away from somebody or away from a previous position (rút xuống; lùi lại, lùi xa dần) "The sound of the truck receded into the distance."

flit

to move lightly and quickly from one place or thing to another "Butterflies flitted from flower to flower."

jolt

to move or to make somebody/something move suddenly and roughly làm choáng váng

converge

to move towards a place from different directions and meet; "There was a signpost where the two paths converged" (đồng quy; hội tụ)

impart

to pass information, knowledge, etc. to other people (chia phần cho) "Voluntary work imparts the ability to deal with different situations."

enlist

to persuade somebody to help you or to join you in doing something (tuyển (quân)); tranh thủ, giành được) "The absence of the sound has been enlisted to express something specific."

squash

to press something so that it becomes soft, damaged or flat, or changes shape (dẫm nát) "The tomatoes at the bottom of the bag had been squashed."

thwart

to prevent somebody from doing what they want to do cản trở

inhibit

to prevent something from happening or make it happen more slowly or less frequently than normal "A lack of oxygen may inhibit brain development in the unborn child."

stifle

to prevent something from happening; to prevent a feeling from being expressed "She managed to stifle a yawn."

pump out

to produce a lot of something

cut back on something

to reduce the amount of something, especially money that you spend "cut back on our carbon emissions."

salvage (n,v)

to save a badly damaged ship, etc. from being lost completely; to save parts or property from a damaged ship or from a fire, etc. salvage something "The wreck was salvaged by a team from the RAF."

diagnose

to say exactly what an illness or the cause of a problem is (chẩn đoán)

proscribe

to say officially that something is banned "Membership of any proscribed organization is a serious matter."

pale in significance

to seem less important when compared with something else "Compared to language, all other inventions pale in significance". (So sánh với tất cả phát minh khác thì sự phát minh về tiếng nói ngôn ngữ là quan trọng nhất)

cut off from

to sever or separate "She was cut off from her family"

clamour

to shout loudly, especially in a confused way

diffuse

to spread something or become spread widely in all directions (khuyếch tán) "Scientists have assumed that heat simply diffused into the sea from the atmosphere."

adhere

to stick firmly to something "Once in the bloodstream, the bacteria adhere to the surface of the red cells."

decipher

to succeed in finding the meaning of something that is difficult to read or understand "Can anyone decipher his handwriting?"

advocate

to support something publicly "The group does not advocate the use of violence."

encase

to surround or cover something completely, especially to protect it "The reactor is encased in concrete and steel."

smuggle

to take, send or bring goods or people secretly and illegally into or out of a country, etc. "They were caught smuggling diamonds into the country."

hold breath

to wait for something special to happen "I've been just holding my breath and hoping they'll call me back for an interview."

inscribe

to write or cut words, your name, etc. onto something ghi lên khắc lên

beat a retreat

to ​run away from a ​dangerous or ​unpleasant ​situation

inextricable

too closely linked to be separated "an inextricable connection between the past and the present"

immeasurable

too large, great, etc. to be measured "to cause immeasurable harm Her contribution was of immeasurable importance."

intrusive

too noticeable, direct, etc. in a way that is disturbing or annoying (adj) xâm nhập, làm phiền

suspend

treo lơ lửng, đình chỉ, hoãn; treo giò (ai)

parable

truyện ngụ ngôn

scenario

truyện phim, cốt kịch, kịch bản

emphysema

tràn khí

Infest

tràn vào quấy phá, tràn vào phá hoại (sâu bọ, giặc cướp...)

ashore

trên bờ (>< offshore)

terrestrial

trên cạn "a terrestrial habitat"

hail

trút xuống, mưa đá, chào

slippery

trơn

longevity

trường thọ

equilibrium

trạng thái cân bằng

notoriety

trạng thái rõ ràng, người nổi danh

arable

trồng trọt được (đất)

ironically

trớ trêu thay, châm biếm

spawn

trứng (cá, ếch, sò, tôm...), đẻ trứng

scatter

tung, rải, rắc, gieo "to scatter seed" - gieo hạt giống

lifespan

tuổi thọ "Worms have a lifespan of a few months."

devastate

tàn phá, phá huỷ, phá phách

musical composition

tác phẩm âm nhạc (composition: a piece of music or art, or a poem)

replicate

tái tạo, tái hiện

fortuitous

tình cờ, bất ngờ, ngẫu nhiên happening by chance

plot

tình tiết, cốt truyện "a conventional plot about love and marriage"

navigability

tình trạng tàu bè đi lại được (sông, biển) - the degree to which a river, etc. is wide enough for ships and boats to sail on

cumulative

tích lũy

vulnerability

tính chất có thể bị tổn thương

imagery

tính hình tượng "Shakespeare's poetry is rich in imagery"

transparency

tính minh bạch

capriciousness

tính thất thường, tính đồng bóng

reiterate

tóm lại, nói lại, lập lại

grapple

túm lấy, níu lấy, vật lộn "a government trying to grapple with inflation"

reinforce

tăng cường, củng cố

intensify

tăng cường, làm mạnh hơn

consult

tư vấn

correspond

tương ứng, phù hợp; tương đương

algae

tảo

paramount

tầm quan trọng, ý nghĩa lớn nhất

incidence

tần suất, tỷ lệ mắc phải

permafrost

tầng đất đóng băng vĩnh cửu

cellular

tế bào

resident pods

tốp/ đàn cá

optimal

tốt nhất

ancestry

tổ tiên, tổ tông

suicide

tự tử

metabolic rate

tỷ lệ trao đổi vật chất

submerged

under the surface of water or liquid "Her submerged car was discovered in the river by police divers."

unpalatable

unpleasant and not easy to accept "Only then did I learn the unpalatable truth."

sheer

used to emphasize the size, degree or amount of something tuyệt đối

drumbeat

vehement, persistent advocacy of a cause "the drumbeat of criticism of the news media from the right"

taper

vuốt, thon, nhọn

encompass

vây quanh, bao quanh, bao gồm chứa đựng, hoàn thiện, hoàn thành

multitude

vô số, đám đông, quần chúng "a multitude of possibilities"

alpine regions

vùng núi cao

jaw

vùng xương hàm

latitude

vĩ độ (trái đất)

brute

vũ phu, cục súc

basin

vũng, vịnh nhỏ

transcend

vượt quá, hơn "His works by far transcend anything that has gone before."

stumble

vấp, trượt chân

manipulate

vận dụng bằng tay, thao tác; lôi kéo, vận động

livestock

vật nuôi, thú nuôi

portray

vẽ chân dung; miêu tả sinh động; đóng vai

stain

vết bẩn, vết màu khó sạch

handful

vốc mắn, nhúm

ambivalent

vừa yêu, vừa ghét (a) mixed in feelings, cảm xúc lẫn lộn

groundwater

water that is found under the ground in soil, rocks, etc.

fragile

weak and uncertain; easily destroyed or spoilt "The economy remains extremely fragile."

uncannily

weirdly

rich

well-off "The rich tend to have money to allow them the time to be become involved in voluntary work compared to less well-off people"

intent

what you intend to do (intention) "She denies possessing the drug with intent to supply."

avidly

with a lot of enthusiasm "She reads avidly."

solemnly

without smiling or looking happy long trọng

treeless

without trees "a treeless desert"

handiwork

work that you do, or something that you have made, especially using your artistic skill (đồ thủ công) "We admired her exquisite handiwork."

wheelbarrow

xe cút kít

scrutinize

xem xét kỹ lưỡng, cẩn thận "The statement was carefully scrutinized before publication."

self-esteem

xlòng tự trọng

tendency

xu hướng

disperse clouds

xua tan mây trên trời "The technology for creating favorable weather conditions for public celebrations - cloud dispersal - was developed in Russia in the 1990s"

advent (noun)

xuất hiện

stem

xuất phát từ; thân (cây)

wreck

xác tàu chìm; tàu chìm; vật đổ nát

navigate

xác định phương hướng (định hướng) - "to navigate by the stars" lái (tàu, thuyền, máy bay...)

wane

xìu xuống, ĩu

shove

xô "He shoved her down the stairs."

prompt

xúi giục; thúc giục; thúc đẩy, nhắc, gợi ý; mau lẹ

spine

xương sống

discharge

xả nước thải/ khí thải... "The factory was fined for discharging untreated effluents into the river."

reasoning

lý luận, lập luận, lý lẽ

realm

lĩnh vực, địa hạt - "the realm of heavy jet engines"; vương quốc

trigonometry

lượng giác học

intake

lượng hấp thụ "to reduce your daily intake of salt"

outlet

lối thoát, đại lý

dub

lồng tiếng

defective

lỗi, khiếm khuyết

friction

ma sát the action of one object or surface moving against another "Friction between moving parts had caused the engine to overheat."

throw/shed light on

make clear "Can anyone throw some light on where these plants came from?"

solidify one's enthusiasm for something

make someone feel enthusiastic about something

sundial

đồng hồ mặt trời

pendulum clock

đồng hồ quả lắc

homogeneous

đồng nhất

swap

đổi, trao đổi "I swapped my red scarf for her blue one."

altitude

độ cao so với mặt biển

monoculture

độc canh

stroke

đột quỵ

lateral

ở bên

improvise

ứng khẩu; làm ứng biến, làm ngay được "to improvise a bed out of leaves"

meagre pickingsa

​lack of good things to choose from "Japanese nature offers meagre pickings for farming."

relics

an object, a tradition, a system, etc. that has survived from the past

climax

(lên đỉnh; điểm cực khoái; dịp tuyệt vời) the most exciting or important event or point in time "The team's 3-1 victory in the final provided a fitting climax to a great season."

commemoration

(lễ kỷ niệm) an action, or a ceremony, etc. that makes people remember and show respect for an important person or event in the past

invective

(lời công kích dữ dội, lời tố cáo kịch liệt) rude language and unpleasant remarks that somebody shouts when they are very angry "The gesture infuriated him and he let out a stream of invective."

preface

(lời nói đầu) an introduction to a book, especially one that explains the author's aims

vague

(mơ hồ) not clear in a person's mind "to have a vague impression/memory/recollection of something"

disclose

(mở ra; vạch trần ra, để lộ ra) to give somebody information about something, especially something that was previously secret

acclaim

(n,v) praise and approval for somebody/something, especially an artistic achievement "international/popular/critical acclaim" "The famous scientist shunned acclaim".

haphazard

(ngẩu nhiên) with no particular order or plan; not organized well "The government's approach to the problem was haphazard."

binary unit

(nhị phân) a system of numbers that uses only 0 and 1 "The computer performs calculations in binary and converts the results to decimal."

slippage

(noun of slip) a slight or gradual fall in the amount, value, etc. of something "There has been some slippage of support for the government's policies."

salient

(nổi bật, dễ thấy) most important or noticeable "She pointed out the salient features of the new design."

glaring

(of something bad) very easily seen "a glaring disadvantage is costly".

manipulation

(thao tác) behaviour that controls or influences somebody/something, often in a dishonest way so that they do not realize it "Geo-engineering is a term which generally refers to the interntional large-scale manipulation of the environment."

physiognomy

(thuật xem tướng gương mặt, nét mặt, diện mạo) the shape and features of a person's face

placebo

(thuốc trấn yên) a substance that has no physical effects, given to patients who do not need medicine but think that they do, or used when testing new drugs

fraternal

(thuộc) anh em "fraternal twins - anh em sinh đôi"

encyclopedic

(thuộc) bộ sách bách khoa

sensory

(thuộc) cảm giác; (thuộc) giác quan)

lunar

(thuộc) mặt trăng

solar

(thuộc) mặt trời

municipal

(thuộc) thành phố, (thuộc) đô thị, (thuộc) thị xã "municipal council - hội đồng thành phố"

banal

(thường, tầm thường) very ordinary and containing nothing that is interesting or important "a banal conversation about the weather"

acute

(toán học) nhọn (góc) góc nhọn cao; the thé (giọng, âm thanh) - an acute voice - giọng cao; giọng the thé

ravage

(tàn phá) ravage something to damage something badly "a country ravaged by civil war"

numbing effect

(tê) making you unable to feel anything "numbing cold/fear"

suspense

(tình trạng chờ đợi, tình trạng hồi hộp) a feeling of worry or excitement that you have when you feel that something is going to happen, somebody is going to tell you some news, etc.

transitory

(tạm thời) continuing for only a short time "the transitory nature of his happiness" - tính chất tạm thời của hạnh phúc

magnitude

(tầm quan trọng; độ lớn) the great size or importance of something; the degree to which something is large or important "We did not realize the magnitude of the problem."

exert

(v) cố gắng, nỗ lực "He exerted all his authority to make them accept the plan."

dispense

(v) distribute, phân phát

understate

(v) euphemise, nói giảm nói tránh

exacerbate

(v) làm trầm trọng thêm

embark

(v) lên tàu/ bắt đầu "We stood on the pier and watched as they embarked."

taunt

(v) mock, mỉa mai, chế nhạo

ail

(v) to cause problems for somebody/ something "They discussed the problems ailing the steel industry."

havoc

(v) to ruin, hủy hoại

besiege

(v) to surround; bao vây

monstrosity

(vật kỳ quái, vật quái dị) something that is very large and very ugly, especially a building

alienation

(xa lánh) the feeling that you do not belong in a particular group "Many immigrants suffer from a sense of alienation."

paediatrics

(y học) khoa trẻ em, nhi khoa

frenetic

(điên lên, cuồng lên) involving a lot of energy and activity in a way that is not organized "to live at a frenetic pace"

prerequisites

(điều kiện tiên quyết) something that must exist or happen before something else can happen or be done "What are the prerequisites for becoming a volunteer?"

incongruity

(điều phi lý) the fact of being strange and not suitable in a situation "She was struck by the incongruity of the situation."

propound

(đề nghị, đề xuất) to suggest an idea or explanation of something for people to consider "the theory of natural selection, first propounded by Charles Darwin"

peripherally

not as the main or an important aim, part, etc. of something ngoại biên

psychic

- connected with the mind rather than the body "psychic injury" - bà đồng; ông đồng seeming to have strange mental powers and to be able to do things that are not possible according to natural laws "She claims to be psychic and helps people to contact the dead."

dab

- to touch something lightly, usually several times "She dabbed her eyes and blew her nose." - to put something on a surface with quick light movements "She dabbed a little perfume behind her ears."

switchover

a change from one system, method, policy, etc. to another (sự chuyển đổi tình thế...1 cách bất ngờ ngoạn mục) "It is really a switchover".

odd

>< even

tenants

>< landlords "Despite the famine that was devastating Ireland, the landlords had little compassion or sympathy for tenants unable to pay their rent."

multi storey building

A multi-storey building has several floors at different levels above the ground.

town dweller

A person who lives in a town, (now) especially as opposed to the countryside.

stumbling block

An obstacle or impediment

epigenetics

As an organism grows and develops, carefully orchestrated chemical reactions activate and deactivate parts of the genome at strategic times and in specific locations. Epigenetics is the study of these chemical reactions and the factors that influence them.

referendum

Cuộc trưng cầu ý dân

interchangeable

Có thể thay cho nhau, có thể đổi lẫn nhau, có thể hoán đổi nhau

public infrastructure

Cơ sở hạ tầng công cộng

resonate

Cộng hưởng

geo-engineering

Geoengineering is the artificial modification of Earths climate systems through two primary ideologies, Solar Radiation Management (SRM) and Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)\

meagre

Gầy gò, khẳng khiu

single-mindedness

Having one overriding purpose or goal in life "the single-minded pursuit of money."

liable to something

Likely to do or to be something "patients were liable to faint if they stood up too suddenly"

prescriptivism

Linguistic prescription, the prescribing of rules for language

overladen (adj)

Loaded or burdened too heavily.

demographer

Nhà nhân khẩu học

opportunistic feeders

Những kẻ kiếm ăn cơ hội "Orcas, also known as killer whales, are opportunistic feeders"

perceptual decision

Perceptual decision making is the act of choosing one option from a set of alternatives based on available sensory information.

misconception

a belief or an idea that is not based on correct information, or that is not understood by people (sự hiểu lầm) "frequently held misconceptions about the disease"

underlying assumption

a belief that is used as the basis for an idea, but which may not be correct

arithmetic

Số học

recreational pilot

The recreational pilot certificate requires less training and offers fewer privileges than the private pilot certificate

global dimming

Tiny particles that are released when fuels are burned cause global dimming. Like global warming, this process may change rainfall patterns around the world.The amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface has decreased by about 2 per cent every ten years, because more sunlight is being reflected back into space. The particles from burning fuels reflect sunlight, and they also cause more water droplets to form in the clouds. This makes the clouds better at reflecting sunlight back into space.

to be entitled to do something

To furnish with a right or claim to something "Everyone is entitled to the equal protection of the laws."

vertical farming

Vertical farming is the practice of producing food in vertically stacked layers, vertically inclined surfaces and/or integrated in other structures.

chained up

Xích lại trong chuồng

rumblings

[usually plural] things that people are saying that may not be true "We think our perceptions of the world are real, but they are only biological and electrical rumblings."

odour

a smell, especially one that is unpleasant mùi hôi

hymn

a song of praise (bài thánh ca, ca ngợi) "The service began with a rousing hymn." "national hymn - quốc ca"

inauguration

a special ceremony at which a new public official or leader is introduced or a building or organization is officially opened (lễ khai mạc; sự khánh thành; lễ nhậm chức) "the President's inauguration"

polemic

a speech or a piece of writing that argues very strongly for or against something/somebody (cuộc luận chiến, cuộc bút chiến)

bias

a strong feeling in favour of or against one group of people, or one side in an argument, often not based on fair judgement (thiên vị) "Employers must consider all candidates impartially and without bias."

animosity

a strong feeling of opposition, anger or hatred "A number, of Irish dependents still carry animosity toward the British for not putting people before politics".

onslaught

a strong or violent attack sự tấn công dữ dội

phobias

a strong unreasonable fear of something "One of the symptoms of the disease is water phobia."

blow (v,n)

a sudden event which has damaging effects on somebody/something, causing sadness or disappointment "Losing his wife came as a bitter blow to him."

find

a thing or person that has been found, especially one that is interesting, valuable or useful "an important archaeological find"

nuisance

a thing, person or situation that is annoying or causes trouble or problems sự phiền toái

concur

agree đồng ý, tán thành

on the brink of

almost ready to do or experience something (often bad) "Because of competition from television news, a number of newspapers are on the brink of collapse." (brink: bờ vực)

preserve (noun)

an activity, a job, an interest, etc. that is thought to be suitable for one particular person or group of people "Football is no longer the preserve of men."

plethora

an amount that is greater than is needed or can be used (trạng thái quá thừa thãi) "The report contained a plethora of detail."

domain

an area of knowledge or activity; especially one that somebody is responsible for "Financial matters are her domain."

earthenware

an object or objects made of very hard baked clay

facsimile

an exact copy of something "A facsimile of the document is available in the British Library."

euphoria

an extremely strong feeling of happiness and excitement that usually lasts only a short time (hưng phấn) "I was in a state of euphoria all day."

notion

an idea, a belief or an understanding of something "a political system based on the notions of equality and liberty"

artefact

an object that is made by a person, especially something of historical or cultural interest

Electrical Fury

lightning

prone to do something

likely to [do] something; apt to have something "My boss is prone to anger when my work isn't done on schedule."

dose

liều lượng thuốc "Take a single dose at bedtime to help you sleep."

rodent

loài gặm nhấm "Mice, rats and squirrels are all rodents."

mammalian

loài động vật có vú

exclude

loại trừ; ngăn chặn "We should not exclude the possibility of negotiation." = Chúng ta ko nên loại trừ khả năng của đàm phán.

wobble

lung lay

to be the trigger for something

là nhân tố gây ra cái gì

mystify

làm bối rối

perpetuate

làm cho bất diệt, làm sống mãi

homogenise

làm cho tương đồng, làm cho tương ứng

stun

làm choáng váng

retard

làm chậm trễ "This drug helps retard aging = anti aging".

shrivel

làm nhăn lại, làm co lại "Population shrivelled to 111 people".

impair

làm suy yếu

formulate

làm thành công thức

stabilise

làm vững chắc

afflict

làm đau đớn, làm khổ sở

leaf litter

lá rụng

culminate

lên đến cực điểm, lên đến tột độ to end with a particular result

furnace

lò (luyện kim, nấu thuỷ tinh...)

bounty

lòng rộng rãi; tính hào phóng; vật tặng

grove

lùm cây, khu rừng nhỏ

eaves

mái chìa

treadmill

máy chạy bộ

maze

mê cung

immense

mênh mông, bao la, rộng lớn "The contribution of Marie Curie to physics was immense".

mild winter

mùa đông ôn hòa

freezing rain

mưa lạnh

torrential rain

mưa xối xả

starboard

mạn phải (của tàu, thuyền...)

power grid

mạng lưới điện

debris

mảnh vỡ, mảnh vụn, vôi gạch đổ nát

specimen

mẫu, vật mẫu "Astronauts have brought back specimens of rock from the moon."

savoury

mặn

the moon waxes and wanes

mặt trăng khi tròn khi khuyết

flimsy

mỏng manh

menace

mối đe doạ

to fade into obscurity

mờ dần vào quên lãng "The lost warship then faded into obscurity for another hundred years."

amplify

mở rộng; phóng đại, thổi phồng "to amplify a story

aesthetic

mỹ học, thẩm mỹ

innermost

nearest to the centre or inside of something "innermost planet"

infallible

never wrong; never making mistakes "infallible advice Doctors are not infallible."

rigorous

nghiêm ngặt, hà khắc

preliminary study

nghiên cứu sơ bộ

follow-up study

nghiên cứu tiếp theo

devise (n,v)

nghĩ ra, sáng chế, phát minh; di sản

let off steam

nghỉ xả hơi

offshore

ngoài khơi

pitfall

nguy hiểm, cạm bẫy

primitive

nguyên thuỷ, ban sơ, gốc

primeval

nguyên thủy, nguyên sinh

galaxy

ngân hà, thiên hà

topple

ngã, đổ; lật đổ "He toppled backwards into the river." "a plot to topple the President"

obstruct

ngăn, che, lấp, cản trở

grain

ngũ cốc

aficionado

người hâm mộ a person who likes a particular sport, activity or subject very much and knows a lot about it "a ballet aficionado/an aficionado of ballet"

steward

người quản lý, quản gia; người phục vụ, chiêu đãi viên

predecessor

người tiền nhiệm

scout

người trinh sát, sự do thám

substitute

người, vật thay thế; thay thế

inundation

ngập lụt

transient

ngắn ngủi, nhất thời, chóng tàn "transient success - thắng lợi nhất thời"

smeared

nham nhở (Adj)

chromosome

nhiễm sắc thể

atmospheric temperatures

nhiệt độ khí quyển

thermodynamics

nhiệt động học

epidemiologist

nhà dịch tễ học

archaeologist

nhà khảo cổ học

clerical worker

nhân viên văn phòng >< công nhân sản xuất (production worker)

accentuate

nhấn mạnh, làm nổi bật, nêu bật

aligned

nhất quán

cram

nhồi, nhét, tống vào "He crammed eight people into his car." "The coder opened the way to the design of compression methods that cram maximum information into the minimum space."

tooth extraction

nhổ răng

interface

những cái chung (của hai ngành học thuật...) "the interface of chemistry and physics - những cái chung của hoá học và vật lý"

sceptics and advocates

những người hoài nghi và những người ủng hộ

peasant

nông dân

nutrient-rich water

nước giàu dinh dưỡng

famine

nạn đói

grasp

nắm bắt

underlie

nằm dưới, ở dưới "It is a principle that underlies all the party's policies."

content

nội dung, sự hài lòng

intuitive (adj)

obtained by using your feelings rather than by considering the facts (trực giác) "He had an intuitive sense of what the reader wanted."

down-to-earth

practical and realistic "has a straightforward down-to-earth approach to a problem."

hardwired

present when you are born and not changing during your life >< a learned process "Many aspects of morality appear to be hardwired in the brain."

lucrative

producing a large amount of money; making a large profit "a lucrative business/contract/market"

bureaucratic

quan liêu "bureaucratic organization"

be attributed to

quy cho là do cái gì/do ai

cardinal rules

quy tắc chủ yếu (most important; having other things based on it) "Respect for life is a cardinal principle of English law."

conventional

quy ước; theo tập quán, theo tục lệ "conventional approach"

convention

quy ước; tục lệ; hội nghị (chính trị)

excessive

quá mức, quá đáng

process-advection

quá trình bình lưu

troop

quân đội

pendulum

quả lắc, con lắc

archipelago

quần đảo

(a) stubborn, cứng đầu "He was like a teacher encouraging a recalcitrant pupil."

recalcitrant

peril

serious danger "The country's economy is now in grave peril." n. hiểm họa, đại họa

indicative

showing or suggesting something (tỏ ra, ra ý, ngụ ý, biểu lộ, biểu thị) "Their failure to act is indicative of their lack of interest."

propagate

sinh sản, lan truyền

lethal superbugs

siêu khuẩn gây chết người

extraordinary power

siêu năng lực

alleged (adjective)

stated as a fact but without any proof bị cáo buộc

outlandish

strange or extremely unusual (kỳ dị, lạ lùng) "outlandish costumes/ideas"

liquor

strong alcoholic drink "She drinks wine and beer but no liquor."

compelling evidence

strong evidence

bronchitis

viêm phế quản

breakneck

very fast "breakneck speed"

imperative

very important and needing immediate attention or action cấp bách,bắt buộc, cưỡng chế

intriguing

very interesting because of being unusual or not having an obvious answer "These discoveries raise intriguing questions."

prodigious

very large or powerful and causing surprise or admiration "a prodigious achievement/memory/talent"

outrageous

very shocking and unacceptable synonym scandalous - outrageous behaviour thái quá

hostile

very unfriendly or aggressive and ready to argue or fight "The speaker got a hostile reception from the audience."

prized

very valuable to somebody "I lost some of my most prized possessions in the fire."

mammoth

voi ma mút

gadget

đồ dùng, đồ vật

collateral

đồ ký quỹ; ở bên; phụ thêm

watchtower

đồn quan sát

mechanical clock

đồng hồ cơ khí

evaporate

àm bay hơi; biến mất

imply

ý nói; ngụ ý; bao hàm ý

antennas

ăng ten

norm-referenced

Định mức - tham chiếu

at stake

đang bị đe dọa

put in jail

đi tù "Many of these people also had their homes burned down and were put in jail for overdue rent."

executive

điều hành

fiction

điều hư cấu, điều tưởng tượng

climactic conditions

điều kiện khí hậu

superstition

điều mê tín

equinox

điểm phân "vernal equinox - xuân phân autumnal equinox - thu phân"

reckon

đoán, tính, đếm, nghĩ

evict

đuổi (ai) (khỏi nhà ở, đất đai...) "Approximately 500,000 Irish tenants were evicted by their landlords between 1845 and 1847."

pebble

đá cuội

delude

đánh lừa, lừa dối to delude oneself - tự dối mình

combat

đánh nhau, chiến đấu, trận đấu "He was killed in combat."

inch

đơn vị đo chiều dài Anh bằng 2, 54 cm

grid

đường kẻ ô (để vẽ bản đồ)

exempt

được miễn (thuế...) "No part of society or social behavior is exempt".

algebra

đại số học

ethical

đạo đức, (thuộc) luân thường đạo lý; chỉ bán theo đơn thầy thuốc

swamp (noun, verb)

đầm lầy, bị ngập, bị sa lầy

earlier this year

đầu năm nay

conspicuous

đập ngay vào mắt, lồ lộ "Mary's red hair always made her conspicuous at school."

caste

đẳng cấp "Once, peasants were the lowest caste in society in China".

lay foundation of something

đặt nền tảng cho

compensate

đền bù, bồi thường

apex

đỉnh ngọc, chỏm

terrain

địa thế, địa hình

calibrate

định cỡ, xác định đường kính

prejudice

định kiến "There is little prejudice against workers from other EU states."

collate

đối chiếu, so sánh to collate a copy with its original - đối chiếu bản sao với nguyên bản

confront

đối diện với, đương đầu với "She knew that she had to confront her fears."

be exposed to

đối mặt với