IFTN3112-final exam
Repeated messages in a sequence diagram are indicated by the symbol _____ in front of the message name.
*
When estimating project time schedules using industry standards, the estimated project completion time for a systems project would be _____ person-months if the actual planning phase were completed in 6 person-months.
40
A JAD session can reduce scope creep by _____.
50%
The distinction between a class and an object is _____________________.
A class is a template for creating objects, while an object is an instance of a class
According to the principle of inheritance, ________________________
A subclass inherits methods and attributes from its superclass
Each object has _______ that specify information about the object.
Attributes
________ workflow uncovers the problems and identifies potential projects within a user organization.
Business Modeling
Feasibility analysis examines several questions, including "_____?"
Can we build it (technical feasibility)
_________ diagrams represent the things, concepts or ideas that are contained in an application.
Class diagrams
A class has an attribute in which a range of values has a semantic meaning. This class has _____ connascence.
Convention
Objects can be thought of as little modules the encapsulate _____.
Data and processes
_____ feasibility is determined by identifying costs and benefits associated with the system.
Economic
The idea of placing data and the processes (methods) that operate on the data into the same object is referred to as __________________.
Encapsulation
_____ is the process of examining the technical, economic, and organizational pros and cons of developing a new system.
Feasibility analysis
Writing new classes and related programming activities are part of the _____________ workflow.
Implementation
Which of the following would not be an appropriate class name?
John
Which one of the following type of operational requirements attempts to anticipate the future requirements?
Maintainability requirements
_________ are instructions sent to an object that in turn trigger methods
Messages
________ implement an object's behavior.
Methods
Which of the following factors could be included in a technical risk assessment?
No previous experience with Java within the IS department
Elements of a deployment diagram include _____.
Nodes, artifacts, and communication paths
_____ means that the same message can be interpreted differently by different classes of objects.
Polymorphism
_____ is the process of planning and controlling the development of a system within a specified time frame at a minimum cost with the right functionality.
Project management
In dynamic binding, the specific method that is used by the program must be determined at _______
Run time
_____ are used to depict a time-based (ordered) set of activities that take place between collaborating objects.
Sequence diagrams
On a sequence diagram, an object name of Students:List would indicate that _____.
Students is an instance of the List class that contains individual student objects
Individual steps in a use case should be written in the form _____.
Subject, Verb, Direct Object, Preposition, Indirect Object
____ value can be quantified during the project initiation phase
Tangible
_______ is an example of functional requirements
The system should be able to search all available inventory in order to determine whether a product can be made by a given date
_____ is an object-oriented modeling language used to describe information systems.
UML
A ___________ models the interaction of the information system with its end-users and other external systems
Use case diagram.
Conditional messages are indicated by placing the condition between _____ symbols.
[ ]
The principal disadvantages(s) with the waterfall development methodology is (are) _____.
a long time elapses between completion of the system proposal and the delivery of the system and the design must be completely specified on paper before programming begins
_________ are two popular BPR activities.
activity elimination and outcome analysis
A-part-of" or "has-parts" relationships represent _____ relationships.
aggregation
Developing an information system is similar to building a house because you have to
all of the above
In an object-oriented system, changes can take place at the following level of abstraction.
all of the above
Which of the following is part of a CRC card?
all of the above
In an n-tiered architecture, the _____ is spread across two or more different sets of servers.
application logic
If a "student signs up for a class," which type of relationship would you use to model the relationship between the two?
association
Which of the following relationships describe the communication between the use case and the actors?
association relationship
The goal of ______ analysis strategy is to make minor or moderate changes to the business processes so that they will become more efficient and effective
business process improvement
Which of the following would most likely not be an example of an attribute?
cancel appointment
Ethan is considering the replacement of the existing network for his organization. He has projected organizational growth at 50% per year for the next five years. With this growth, many new employees will surely be hired and trained. He has received a large amount of money from a small business grant for the initial development. The architecture Ethan should select is _____.
client server
A class/object should only represent one thing, and a method should only solve a single task. This principle is often referred to as _____.
cohesion
_____ assures the interface will act as the users expect, while _____ assures it will look pleasing.
consistency, aesthetics
The user interface design principle that places an emphasis on the intuitive flow of the interface (i.e. left to right and top to bottom) to minimize the user's movements is _____.
content awareness
The user interface design principle that places an emphasis on the user's ability to always know where he/she is in the system and what information is being displayed is _____.
content awareness
Of all of the types of interaction coupling, _____ is the worst.
content or pathological
A(n) _____ formalizes the interactions between a client and server object.
contract
_____ refers to the level of interdependency or interrelationship among the modules in a system.
coupling
The acronym CRUD stands for _____.
create, read, update, delete
The three steps of project management are _____.
creating the work plan, staffing the project, and controlling and directing the project
Which of the following types of interaction coupling is "best?"
data
A server in the client-server architecture performs which of the following application functions?
data access logic and data storage
The _____ layer addresses the issues involving the persistence of the objects contained in the system.
data management
The application function that allows data to be stored and retrieved is called _____.
data storage
The project plan is the document that is used to _____.
describe how the project team will go about developing the proposed system
In user interface design, use scenarios will _____.
describe the most frequent paths taken through the use cases
Interfaces (e.g., menus, reports, forms) are specified during the _____ phase of the SDLC.
design
The examination of existing paperwork in order to better understand the As-Is system is an example of what information-gathering strategy?
document analysis
Scalability refers to the _____
easy increase or decrease of the storage and processing capabilities of the computer
Operational costs that are examined during feasibility analysis include _____
equipment upgrades
The process of assigning values for the time and effort needed to perform a system project is called _____.
estimation
Which of the following relationships represent the extension of the functionality of the use case to cover optional behavior?
extend relationship
When an analyst discovers that a set of classes have a similar set of attributes and methods, it may make sense to _____ out the similarities into a separate class.
factor
The _____ layer contains, among other things, the classes that represent the fundamental data types.
foundation
A(n) ____________ is a measure of program size based on the number and complexity of inputs, outputs, queries, files, and program interfaces.
function point
"A-kind-of" relationships represent _____ relationships.
generalization
The _____ relationship in use cases allows use cases to support the concept of inheritance.
generalization
The layer that keeps the user interface implementation separate from the application or problem domain classes is the _____ layer.
human-computer interaction
Diane needs to create a work plan for an upcoming systems project. She must first _____.
identify the tasks and estimate the time needed to complete them
Which of the relationship types in use cases enables functional decomposition?
include relationship
The following are all classic design mistakes EXCEPT _____.
including design time
The fundamental part of the user interface that permits the system to capture information is the _____ mechanism.
input
The fundamental part of the user interface that permits the user to give instructions to the system is the _____ mechanism.
input
The six architecture characteristics that assist in selecting the proper architecture are cost of infrastructure, cost of development, ease of development, _____, _____, and _____.
interface capabilities, control and security, scalability
A(n) _____ is a mock-up or simulation of a computer screen, form, or report.
interface design prototype
Which of the following analysis strategies is best?
it depends on the situation
The information gathering technique that is most effective in combining information from a variety of perspectives, building consensus, and resolving discrepancies is a(n) _____.
joint application development
Adding people to a project team in order to speed up total development time _____.
may actually increase total development time
In order to get an object to perform a method, a(n) _____ is sent to the object.
message
In terms of levels of abstraction, which of the following is at the lowest level relative to the rest?
method
Object-oriented systems have three general types of cohesion: _____, _____, and _____.
method, class, generalization/specialization
Assume a systems development project effort calculation determines that the system will require 240 function points. If the developers choose to implement this system in the C programming language, approximately 31,200 lines of code will have to be written. If the developers choose Visual Basic to implement the system, the number of lines of code will be _____.
much less
Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic functions of a computer application?
networking logic
The basic building block of a system is the _____.
object
The modeling focus of the interaction diagram is at the _____ level while the modeling focus on the class diagram is at the _____ level.
object, class
A development methodology that focuses on the processes of the system first is said to be _____.
object-oriented
What information-gathering strategy enables the analyst to see the reality of the situation rather than listen to others describe it?
observation
Each use case describes _____ function(s) in which users interact with the system.
one
Sarah would like to give the interviewee more control over the interview and to gather rich information. She should ask _____ questions.
open-ended
Which of the following will be converted to methods in later phases of the SDLC?
operations
The level of acceptance by the users of a system and the extent to which the new system will be incorporated into the operations of the organization are expressed in the _____ feasibility.
organizational
The fundamental part of the user interface that provides information from the system to the user is the _____ mechanism.
output
A(n) _____ is the equivalent to a subsystem.
partition
A scenario is the same as a(n) _____.
path through a use case
Understanding why an information system should be built and determining how the project team will build it is part of the _____ phase of the SDLC.
planning
The four phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle are _____.
planning, analysis, design, and implementation
Two BPA techniques commonly used to identify possible problems in the current system are _____.
problem analysis and root cause analysis
The _____ layer addresses how the software will execute on specific computers and networks.
problem domain
Most system requests include all of the following except _____.
project manager
The four elements commonly found on a system request are _____.
project sponsor, business need, business requirements, and business value
Jim has documented a use case that describes the functionality of a system as "To compute gross pay, multiply the hours worked that are recorded on the time card from the time clock by the hourly rate that is recorded in the employee master file from the MS SQL server database." This is an example of a(n) _____ use case
real
The calculation that measures the amount of money an organization receives in return for the money it spends is called the _____.
return on investment
The two types of interaction diagrams are ______________ diagrams.
sequence and communication
Analysts use _____ to show the objects that participate in a use case and the messages that pass between the objects over time for one particular use case.
sequence diagrams
The computing architecture in which the server performs practically all of the work is known as _____.
server-based architecture
Which of the following objects would be most likely to be destroyed at some point in time in a sequence diagram?
shopping cart
Suppose a proposed new financial reporting system for the AMF Biotech Corporation must be completed by the start of the next fiscal year in order to comply with new government regulations. This information should be included as part of the ____________ section of the system request.
special issues or constraints
A critical success factor for project management is to _____.
start with a realistic assessment of the work
A class diagram is a(n) _____ model.
static
The person that identifies opportunities for improvements and designs an information system to implement them is called a(n) _____.
systems analyst
The process of understanding how an information system can support business needs, design the system, build it, and deliver it to users is the _____.
systems development life cycle
The process of building new systems by combining packaged software, existing legacy systems, and new software written to integrate everything together is called _____.
systems integration
Ryan, a newly hired systems analyst/consultant, is about to begin a systems project. Where will Ryan look first to locate the identifiable tasks he will record in his work plan?
the company training materials for the company methodology
Fan-out refers to _____.
the number of messages sent by a method
The importance level of a use case increases for all of the following characteristics of the use case EXCEPT _____.
the technology is proven
The order of messages on a sequence diagram goes from ____ to _____.
top to bottom
To avoid the classic design mistake of "reducing the design time," the analyst should _____.
use timeboxing
Juan is designing a user interface for the data-entry clerks in the marketing department. In an interview with the department manager, Juan has learned that the department has frequent turnover and that there is very little money for training. What two interface design principles would you recommend Juan emphasize in his design?
user experience and consistency
A(n) _____ shows how all the screens, forms and reports are related, and how the user moves from one to another.
window navigation diagram