IFTN3112-final exam

Repeated messages in a sequence diagram are indicated by the symbol _____ in front of the message name.

*

When estimating project time schedules using industry standards, the estimated project completion time for a systems project would be _____ person-months if the actual planning phase were completed in 6 person-months.

40

A JAD session can reduce scope creep by _____.

50%

The distinction between a class and an object is _____________________.

A class is a template for creating objects, while an object is an instance of a class

According to the principle of inheritance, ________________________

A subclass inherits methods and attributes from its superclass

Each object has _______ that specify information about the object.

Attributes

________ workflow uncovers the problems and identifies potential projects within a user organization.

Business Modeling

Feasibility analysis examines several questions, including "_____?"

Can we build it (technical feasibility)

_________ diagrams represent the things, concepts or ideas that are contained in an application.

Class diagrams

A class has an attribute in which a range of values has a semantic meaning. This class has _____ connascence.

Convention

Objects can be thought of as little modules the encapsulate _____.

Data and processes

_____ feasibility is determined by identifying costs and benefits associated with the system.

Economic

The idea of placing data and the processes (methods) that operate on the data into the same object is referred to as __________________.

Encapsulation

_____ is the process of examining the technical, economic, and organizational pros and cons of developing a new system.

Feasibility analysis

Writing new classes and related programming activities are part of the _____________ workflow.

Implementation

Which of the following would not be an appropriate class name?

John

Which one of the following type of operational requirements attempts to anticipate the future requirements?

Maintainability requirements

_________ are instructions sent to an object that in turn trigger methods

Messages

________ implement an object's behavior.

Methods

Which of the following factors could be included in a technical risk assessment?

No previous experience with Java within the IS department

Elements of a deployment diagram include _____.

Nodes, artifacts, and communication paths

_____ means that the same message can be interpreted differently by different classes of objects.

Polymorphism

_____ is the process of planning and controlling the development of a system within a specified time frame at a minimum cost with the right functionality.

Project management

In dynamic binding, the specific method that is used by the program must be determined at _______

Run time

_____ are used to depict a time-based (ordered) set of activities that take place between collaborating objects.

Sequence diagrams

On a sequence diagram, an object name of Students:List would indicate that _____.

Students is an instance of the List class that contains individual student objects

Individual steps in a use case should be written in the form _____.

Subject, Verb, Direct Object, Preposition, Indirect Object

____ value can be quantified during the project initiation phase

Tangible

_______ is an example of functional requirements

The system should be able to search all available inventory in order to determine whether a product can be made by a given date

_____ is an object-oriented modeling language used to describe information systems.

UML

A ___________ models the interaction of the information system with its end-users and other external systems

Use case diagram.

Conditional messages are indicated by placing the condition between _____ symbols.

[ ]

The principal disadvantages(s) with the waterfall development methodology is (are) _____.

a long time elapses between completion of the system proposal and the delivery of the system and the design must be completely specified on paper before programming begins

_________ are two popular BPR activities.

activity elimination and outcome analysis

A-part-of" or "has-parts" relationships represent _____ relationships.

aggregation

Developing an information system is similar to building a house because you have to

all of the above

In an object-oriented system, changes can take place at the following level of abstraction.

all of the above

Which of the following is part of a CRC card?

all of the above

In an n-tiered architecture, the _____ is spread across two or more different sets of servers.

application logic

If a "student signs up for a class," which type of relationship would you use to model the relationship between the two?

association

Which of the following relationships describe the communication between the use case and the actors?

association relationship

The goal of ______ analysis strategy is to make minor or moderate changes to the business processes so that they will become more efficient and effective

business process improvement

Which of the following would most likely not be an example of an attribute?

cancel appointment

Ethan is considering the replacement of the existing network for his organization. He has projected organizational growth at 50% per year for the next five years. With this growth, many new employees will surely be hired and trained. He has received a large amount of money from a small business grant for the initial development. The architecture Ethan should select is _____.

client server

A class/object should only represent one thing, and a method should only solve a single task. This principle is often referred to as _____.

cohesion

_____ assures the interface will act as the users expect, while _____ assures it will look pleasing.

consistency, aesthetics

The user interface design principle that places an emphasis on the intuitive flow of the interface (i.e. left to right and top to bottom) to minimize the user's movements is _____.

content awareness

The user interface design principle that places an emphasis on the user's ability to always know where he/she is in the system and what information is being displayed is _____.

content awareness

Of all of the types of interaction coupling, _____ is the worst.

content or pathological

A(n) _____ formalizes the interactions between a client and server object.

contract

_____ refers to the level of interdependency or interrelationship among the modules in a system.

coupling

The acronym CRUD stands for _____.

create, read, update, delete

The three steps of project management are _____.

creating the work plan, staffing the project, and controlling and directing the project

Which of the following types of interaction coupling is "best?"

data

A server in the client-server architecture performs which of the following application functions?

data access logic and data storage

The _____ layer addresses the issues involving the persistence of the objects contained in the system.

data management

The application function that allows data to be stored and retrieved is called _____.

data storage

The project plan is the document that is used to _____.

describe how the project team will go about developing the proposed system

In user interface design, use scenarios will _____.

describe the most frequent paths taken through the use cases

Interfaces (e.g., menus, reports, forms) are specified during the _____ phase of the SDLC.

design

The examination of existing paperwork in order to better understand the As-Is system is an example of what information-gathering strategy?

document analysis

Scalability refers to the _____

easy increase or decrease of the storage and processing capabilities of the computer

Operational costs that are examined during feasibility analysis include _____

equipment upgrades

The process of assigning values for the time and effort needed to perform a system project is called _____.

estimation

Which of the following relationships represent the extension of the functionality of the use case to cover optional behavior?

extend relationship

When an analyst discovers that a set of classes have a similar set of attributes and methods, it may make sense to _____ out the similarities into a separate class.

factor

The _____ layer contains, among other things, the classes that represent the fundamental data types.

foundation

A(n) ____________ is a measure of program size based on the number and complexity of inputs, outputs, queries, files, and program interfaces.

function point

"A-kind-of" relationships represent _____ relationships.

generalization

The _____ relationship in use cases allows use cases to support the concept of inheritance.

generalization

The layer that keeps the user interface implementation separate from the application or problem domain classes is the _____ layer.

human-computer interaction

Diane needs to create a work plan for an upcoming systems project. She must first _____.

identify the tasks and estimate the time needed to complete them

Which of the relationship types in use cases enables functional decomposition?

include relationship

The following are all classic design mistakes EXCEPT _____.

including design time

The fundamental part of the user interface that permits the system to capture information is the _____ mechanism.

input

The fundamental part of the user interface that permits the user to give instructions to the system is the _____ mechanism.

input

The six architecture characteristics that assist in selecting the proper architecture are cost of infrastructure, cost of development, ease of development, _____, _____, and _____.

interface capabilities, control and security, scalability

A(n) _____ is a mock-up or simulation of a computer screen, form, or report.

interface design prototype

Which of the following analysis strategies is best?

it depends on the situation

The information gathering technique that is most effective in combining information from a variety of perspectives, building consensus, and resolving discrepancies is a(n) _____.

joint application development

Adding people to a project team in order to speed up total development time _____.

may actually increase total development time

In order to get an object to perform a method, a(n) _____ is sent to the object.

message

In terms of levels of abstraction, which of the following is at the lowest level relative to the rest?

method

Object-oriented systems have three general types of cohesion: _____, _____, and _____.

method, class, generalization/specialization

Assume a systems development project effort calculation determines that the system will require 240 function points. If the developers choose to implement this system in the C programming language, approximately 31,200 lines of code will have to be written. If the developers choose Visual Basic to implement the system, the number of lines of code will be _____.

much less

Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic functions of a computer application?

networking logic

The basic building block of a system is the _____.

object

The modeling focus of the interaction diagram is at the _____ level while the modeling focus on the class diagram is at the _____ level.

object, class

A development methodology that focuses on the processes of the system first is said to be _____.

object-oriented

What information-gathering strategy enables the analyst to see the reality of the situation rather than listen to others describe it?

observation

Each use case describes _____ function(s) in which users interact with the system.

one

Sarah would like to give the interviewee more control over the interview and to gather rich information. She should ask _____ questions.

open-ended

Which of the following will be converted to methods in later phases of the SDLC?

operations

The level of acceptance by the users of a system and the extent to which the new system will be incorporated into the operations of the organization are expressed in the _____ feasibility.

organizational

The fundamental part of the user interface that provides information from the system to the user is the _____ mechanism.

output

A(n) _____ is the equivalent to a subsystem.

partition

A scenario is the same as a(n) _____.

path through a use case

Understanding why an information system should be built and determining how the project team will build it is part of the _____ phase of the SDLC.

planning

The four phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle are _____.

planning, analysis, design, and implementation

Two BPA techniques commonly used to identify possible problems in the current system are _____.

problem analysis and root cause analysis

The _____ layer addresses how the software will execute on specific computers and networks.

problem domain

Most system requests include all of the following except _____.

project manager

The four elements commonly found on a system request are _____.

project sponsor, business need, business requirements, and business value

Jim has documented a use case that describes the functionality of a system as "To compute gross pay, multiply the hours worked that are recorded on the time card from the time clock by the hourly rate that is recorded in the employee master file from the MS SQL server database." This is an example of a(n) _____ use case

real

The calculation that measures the amount of money an organization receives in return for the money it spends is called the _____.

return on investment

The two types of interaction diagrams are ______________ diagrams.

sequence and communication

Analysts use _____ to show the objects that participate in a use case and the messages that pass between the objects over time for one particular use case.

sequence diagrams

The computing architecture in which the server performs practically all of the work is known as _____.

server-based architecture

Which of the following objects would be most likely to be destroyed at some point in time in a sequence diagram?

shopping cart

Suppose a proposed new financial reporting system for the AMF Biotech Corporation must be completed by the start of the next fiscal year in order to comply with new government regulations. This information should be included as part of the ____________ section of the system request.

special issues or constraints

A critical success factor for project management is to _____.

start with a realistic assessment of the work

A class diagram is a(n) _____ model.

static

The person that identifies opportunities for improvements and designs an information system to implement them is called a(n) _____.

systems analyst

The process of understanding how an information system can support business needs, design the system, build it, and deliver it to users is the _____.

systems development life cycle

The process of building new systems by combining packaged software, existing legacy systems, and new software written to integrate everything together is called _____.

systems integration

Ryan, a newly hired systems analyst/consultant, is about to begin a systems project. Where will Ryan look first to locate the identifiable tasks he will record in his work plan?

the company training materials for the company methodology

Fan-out refers to _____.

the number of messages sent by a method

The importance level of a use case increases for all of the following characteristics of the use case EXCEPT _____.

the technology is proven

The order of messages on a sequence diagram goes from ____ to _____.

top to bottom

To avoid the classic design mistake of "reducing the design time," the analyst should _____.

use timeboxing

Juan is designing a user interface for the data-entry clerks in the marketing department. In an interview with the department manager, Juan has learned that the department has frequent turnover and that there is very little money for training. What two interface design principles would you recommend Juan emphasize in his design?

user experience and consistency

A(n) _____ shows how all the screens, forms and reports are related, and how the user moves from one to another.

window navigation diagram