ihum 243 exam 3

According to Panja and Saraf, which of the following statements epitomize the ambiguous way Shakespeare is viewed by Indians? Some believe he is the symbol of all the positive influences of British colonialism while others believe he categorically represents and epitomizes all the ills associated with the British Raj. There is no ambiguity about the universal adoration of Shakespeare in South Asia. Some believe he is a world poet while others believe he is a symbol of colonial hegemony.

Some believe he is a world poet while others believe he is a symbol of colonial hegemony.

Which of the following statements about the performance of the Pabuji story is false? They focus primarily on one 14th century character The performers are itinerant Stories are written down and studied by members of the jati Performances display a dynamic relationship between visual, musical and dramatic art forms

Stories are written down and studied by members of the jati

Which of the following groups of art forms is represented hierarchically by a pyramid? The Great Tradition, Qawwali, and The Little Traditions South Asian Sufi genres All the Little Traditions North and South Indian classical music

The Great Tradition, Qawwali, and The Little Traditions

Which of the following statements about using pictures in South Asian drama is false? The cave paintings at Ajanta reveal a visual depiction of Buddhist stories from the 6th century. Teaching and narrating with pictures is one of the oldest forms of enculturation and folk entertainment in South Asia. The earliest storytelling records indicate Buddhist origins from the 3rd century. The earliest example of storytelling comes from Aryan iconography.

The earliest example of storytelling comes from Aryan iconography.

In the short clip of the urban performance of the Pabuji ballad we learn that The costumes are updated for a modern audience The painted mural is replaced by a film The wife's face is uncovered The father actively coaches his son in the performance

The father actively coaches his son in the performance

Which of the following statements about the study of British literature is false? English literature was a university discipline first invented for the colonies Bengalis had the benefit of accessing English and European texts a century before one could earn a degree in English literature In the 1880s you could earn a degree in English literature at the University of Calcutta The first English degrees were offered at the University of Oxford

The first English degrees were offered at the University of Oxford

According to the material in topic 14, which of the following statements might explain Tagore's interest in time travel? He was fascinated with Indian history The notion of reincarnation in Hindu theology He was a voracious reader of science fiction He was deeply influenced by Einstein's theory of relativity

The notion of reincarnation in Hindu theology

Which of the following statements about Haider is true? There are two parts to the film: the first part is a monologue by Haider and the second part details the consequences of his troubled choices There are two parts to the film: the first part is in Urdu and the second part is in Hindi There are two parts to the film: the first is filmed almost like a documentary and the second is filmed like an expressive drama It is an adaptation of Midsummer Night's Dream

There are two parts to the film: the first is filmed almost like a documentary and the second is filmed like an expressive drama

Which of the following statements about the history of South Asian Shakespearian adaptations is false? After a time, in the wake of the earliest adaptations, there was an interest in and a desire to produce faithful translations of Shakespeare into local languages. The earliest South Asian adaptations did not pay much attention to detail in the original Shakespearian plays. There was an increase in the performances of Shakespearian adaptations from about 1919 to 1947. Scholarship on Shakespeare and a bounty of new adaptations have flourished since Partition.

There was an increase in the performances of Shakespearian adaptations from about 1919 to 1947.

Which of the following statements about the Little Traditions is true? Their stories are always changing with the times All the statements are true Their entertainment function has been their sole purpose They have often functioned as a voice of resistance for oppressed people

They have often functioned as a voice of resistance for oppressed people

According to Amit Chaudhuri, the study of English literature in India cannot be seen simply as an instrument of imperialist pedagogy from the 1820s onward. T/F

True

Because of the British emphasis on the English language and on British literature, Tagore, as an educated South Asian, became a beneficiary of a bi-literary culture. T/F

True

Close listening may reveal many significant clues about a culture that might otherwise be missed. T/F

True

Cultural syncretism may occur spontaneously over a long period or it may involve self-conscious choices in adopting foreign elements in specific movements and works. T/F

True

Many Indian adaptations of Shakespeare feature local languages, music, dance, and make-up that make them unrecognizable to non-Indian audiences. T/F

True

Outside the Western world, India has the longest and most intense engagement with Shakespeare of any country anywhere. T/F

True

The current Islamic Republic of Pakistan used to be West and East Pakistan, which included the country now known as Bangladesh. T/F

True

The relationship between Hindus and Muslims in Bengal and Bangladesh is a defining characteristic of the people from these regions. T/F

True

People from Bengal and Bangladesh all of the statements apply to people from Bengal and Bangladesh experience an intermingling of Hindu and Muslim elements in the performing arts speak the same language engage in cultural syncretism, mirroring the agricultural fertility of the area

all of the statements apply to people from Bengal and Bangladesh

The Little Traditions benefited from Tagore's patronage and leadership played a role in uniting South Asians against the British legitimized nationalistic feelings all statements are true

all statements are true

Modern Indians are only interested in Shakespeare if the plays can be easily adapted into an Indian context do not care for Shakespeare because of their lingering disdain for the British are fascinated with Shakespeare despite their troubled past relationships with the British have slowed down the pace of adapting Shakespearean plays in the 21st century

are fascinated with Shakespeare despite their troubled past relationships with the British

E. M. Forster believed the British were behaving appropriately in India was violently opposed to the presence of the British in India attempted to portray a fair and balanced view of the troubled relationship between Indians and British was highly respected in India

attempted to portray a fair and balanced view of the troubled relationship between Indians and British

Kathputli performers borrow cots from local people in order to create their stages use the sound of the boli for comedic effect rely only on the main puppeteer to provide all the narrative commentary refuse to adapt their performances to the tastes of modern audiences

borrow cots from local people in order to create their stages

The British justified their presence on the Indian subcontinent by proclaiming that Indian subjects would eventually be able to become British citizens and work in Britain claiming that Indian subjects would learn English, which would allow them to learn how to think rationally and behave according to British values suggesting that Indian subjects would someday be able to participate fully in governing of the subcontinent under the direction of the British

claiming that Indian subjects would learn English, which would allow them to learn how to think rationally and behave according to British values

Partition saw minimal violence because of British benevolence allowed millions of people to peacefully join their families in other parts of the subcontinent divided the subcontinent into two domains--India and Pakistan (East and West) had been planned by the British for decades

divided the subcontinent into two domains--India and Pakistan (East and West)

When Shakespeare was first introduced to South Asia, many of the early Shakespearian productions were simplified for a non-English speaking audience Indian audiences were unimpressed with the plots the British learned to enjoy hearing Shakespeare performed in different Indian languages early Shakespearian productions were designed as entertainment for the British elite

early Shakespearian productions were designed as entertainment for the British elite

Shakespearian plays Were always translated into Bangla eventually became part of the "civilizing" mission of the British as they sought to enculturate South Asian subjects were always directed towards British audiences in India were first promoted to Indian subjects who could speak English

eventually became part of the "civilizing" mission of the British as they sought to enculturate South Asian subjects

In making his adaptation of A Passage to India, Lean was not supported by his cast and crew enjoyed the support of Forster had a contract stipulating that Santha Rama Rau write the screenplay worked with Santha Rama Rau as the producer

had a contract stipulating that Santha Rama Rau write the screenplay

Shantiniketan was founded by Nehru had a curriculum that included the study of indigenous art forms was founded by Gandhi was a military training school for British leaders

had a curriculum that included the study of indigenous art forms

The khamak is an instrument that: has 2 or 3 strings attached to the head of a small chamber came originally from the Gupta court was played by Muslim musicians in the Mughal period was played by Gandhi in many of his rallies against the British

has 2 or 3 strings attached to the head of a small chamber

Shakespearian performances in South Asia have become localized by being translated and adapted into a variety of South Asian languages are no longer performed have been far more popular among elite audiences are appreciated as texts and not as performances

have become localized by being translated and adapted into a variety of South Asian languages

What do Modern Kathputli performances do? create modern storylines in order to attract audiences perform in large indoor venues whenever possible use animation instead of puppets incorporate Bollywood tunes into their performances

incorporate Bollywood tunes into their performances

What do Modern Kathputli performances do? perform in large indoor venues whenever possible use animation instead of puppets incorporate Bollywood tunes into their performances create modern storylines in order to attract audiences

incorporate Bollywood tunes into their performances

Pabuji-ki-phad is a story that involves treachery, romance, intrigue, revenge, and loyalty can be told within one afternoon is about a rebellious servant at court who tries to overthrow the king is about the life of a Rajastani queen

involves treachery, romance, intrigue, revenge, and loyalty

Vaishnavism is a syncretic blend of orthodox Islamic beliefs and Hinduism promotes the union of Buddhists and Muslims is associated with Krishna and mystical Sufi traditions is a syncretic blend of Hinduism and Buddhism

is associated with Krishna and mystical Sufi traditions

Haider deals with a contentious issue involving nuclear power is an adaptation of Macbeth is typical Bollywood escapist fare is part of a trilogy, following Maqbool and Omkara

is part of a trilogy, following Maqbool and Omkara

In the Sanskrit language, "Sahitya" refers to philosophy knowledge religion literature

literature

Female performers may not perform with men in Bengali folk song may not sing as soloists in the Baul tradition may perform as actors or sing as playback singers in Bollywood

may perform as actors or sing as playback singers in Bollywood

According to Radice, Tagore often felt himself above others eventually joined the Indian nationalist struggle always actively supported Gandhi's political activities in resisting the British

often felt himself above others

Vernacular literature is a kind of literature that was shunned by Tagore refers to literature that may be written in Sanskrit refers to literature that is based on spoken language is basically the same as the oral tradition

refers to literature that is based on spoken language

Enculturation is a concept that occurs infrequently occurs only at home refers to socialization or the learning of cultural mores and values is basically the same as cultural syncretism

refers to socialization or the learning of cultural mores and values

Partition was considered a disastrous move by the British leadership resulted in a political and humanitarian disaster enabled trade to flourish between Pakistan and India helped to enhance relationships between Hindus and Muslims throughout South Asia

resulted in a political and humanitarian disaster

In modern Bollywood performances, actors are allowed to kiss on stage choreography is not as important as communicating the intricacies of the plot actors must be able to sing singing is recorded separately in studios by playback singers

singing is recorded separately in studios by playback singers

The real reason British rulers preferred having Indians speak English was because the British would not have to learn any Indian languages they enjoyed hearing English spoken with an Indian accent their Indian subjects could have the chance to learn another language the British could have translators whenever they needed them

the British would not have to learn any Indian languages

The boli refers to the instrument that makes a squeaking sound the stage props the costumes the syllables used to recite the drum patterns on the dholak

the instrument that makes a squeaking sound

The meaning of the word "sutradhar" is the harmonium player the playwright the name of a story in the Kathputli tradition the one who holds the strings

the one who holds the strings

According to the film There'll Always be Stars in the Sky, folk traditions are vulnerable because of the rise of Bollywood infighting among popular folk singers the predominance of Western popular music the rise of nationalism

the rise of Bollywood

Considering Shakespearian adaptations in South Asia, the "Shakespearian moment" happened after Partition technological advancements in cinema have challenged the development of new adaptations there is a creative interface between Shakespeare and indigenous art forms that continues to produce fresh points of entry

there is a creative interface between Shakespeare and indigenous art forms that continues to produce fresh points of entry

Haider all of these answers apply demonstrates a clear path to Kashmiri independence treats the themes of betrayal, deceit, and revenge focuses on the power of redemption

treats the themes of betrayal, deceit, and revenge

Bangladesh housed radicals who challenged the British Raj before 1947 is now part of the Hindu Republic of India used to be part of Pakistan before 1971

used to be part of Pakistan before 1971

Tagore was the founder of a new religion was uninfluenced by the British Raj was influenced by European romanticism frequently organized protests against British colonialism

was influenced by European romanticism

According to Wilson, the British empire always tried to be benevolent towards its subjects was never a project or system, but was, instead, anxious and chaotic possessed a strong machinery designed to impose authority evenly yet fairly

was never a project or system, but was, instead, anxious and chaotic

Shakespearian texts were taught in India before they were introduced in English universities are read primarily in translation by Indian students and performers came to India in the same way they came to China

were taught in India before they were introduced in English universities

Before the advent of Bollywood, female performers in the Little Traditions "would not be caught dead" on stage (unless they were married to the main performer and completely covered, like the bhopi) could never sing in public in the Baul tradition ould only sing in public if they had formal training with a guru

"would not be caught dead" on stage (unless they were married to the main performer and completely covered, like the bhopi)

Which of the following statements best describes the British Raj? A time when the British ruled the South Asian subcontinent A time when Britain chose to adopt South Asian practices in its parliament A time when E.M. Forster advocated for South Asian independence A time when the Rajput kings swore allegiance to the British throne

A time when the British ruled the South Asian subcontinent

Which of the following is a country in South Asia? Vietnam Thailand Malaysia Afghanistan

Afghanistan

In the Painted Ballads clip which group of people do we learn about? Traditional audiences, who learn about their culture and the Hindu religion from such performances All of these people The husband and wife who perform together, wearing elegant costumes The artists who paint the large murals, using colors derived from plants

All of these people

Which of the following themes is commonly reflected in Tagore's literary works? Time travel The importance of heritage Chance All of these themes are commonly reflected

All of these themes are commonly reflected

Which of the following statements about Haider is true? All the statements are true One of the main questions of the film is a question of identity: do we (as Kashmiris) exist? The film centers on the contested area of Kashmir, which is one of the most militarized zones in the world The film reflects on one of the great casualties of Partition

All the statements are true

Which of the following statements about Kathputli is true? The story features a 17th century Rajput prince named Amar Singh Rathor It is a genre that features elaborately dressed wooden puppets Over time the story has been de-emphasized in favor of clever puppetry techniques All the statements are true

All the statements are true

Which of the following statements about the Bauls is true? Their name comes from a Sanskrit word Their name means "mad for God" They are sometimes described as "Vatul" or crazies All the statements are true

All the statements are true

According to Wilson, which of the following statements about the British Raj is true? Indian nationalists renewed their opposition of British rule following World War I. Britons have engaged in a kind of self-justifying rationalization about imperial rule for centuries. After World War I, the British faced a fiscal crisis. All the statements are true.

All the statements are true.

Which of the following statements is true? Using Shakespeare for educational purposes in linguistically diverse South Asia has yielded results that go far beyond the colonial goal of showcasing the best of imperial culture. The question of language is both unavoidable and inescapable in a region where vast numbers of people were and are illiterate, as well as unschooled in the English language. All the statements are true. The English language, with all of its cultural baggage, is the biggest and most significant colonial construct in India.

All the statements are true.

Which of the following statements describes Tagore's role as a modern Indian? All the statements describe his role as a modern Indian He was a colonial subject and a progeny of the Enlightenment He was an inheritor and inventor of Eastern values He could partake of the secular ethos of literature while also viewing it from the outside

All the statements describe his role as a modern Indian

Which of the following best describes the East India Company? The first official foreign presence on the subcontinent A company from Eastern India that supported British rule An English company that initiated trade with Mughal India A Mughal company that wanted to trade with Britain

An English company that initiated trade with Mughal India

In Lean's adaptation of A Passage to India Azziz is friends with Mr. Fielding throughout the film Azziz is helped substantially in his trial by the efforts of Godbole Azziz is charmed by the elderly Mrs. Moore Azziz is convicted of sexual assault

Azziz is charmed by the elderly Mrs. Moore

Which of the following statements about the music of the Bauls is true? It became popular among American and British musicians in the 1950s Bauls mix male and female performers within the context of a performance Women cannot sing as soloists in the Baul tradition All of the statements are true

Bauls mix male and female performers within the context of a performance

Which of the following Bollywood techniques are used in Haider? All these techniques are used Encouragement of the audience to throw coins at the screen Choreography and musical numbers A preponderance of fantasy scenes depicting happy, dream-like sequences

Choreography and musical numbers

According to Panja and Saraf, which of the following statements about the deconstruction of Shakespeare in India is false? Deconstructing Shakespeare became much less popular at the very end of the British Raj. Deconstructing Shakespeare has sometimes been a priority for Indian audiences. Since the 19th century, deconstructing Shakespeare has been part of the text and subtext of cultural enterprises like translation, stage performance, and cinema. Indian scholars and artists alike have been engaged in deconstructing Shakespeare as the ultimate icon of colonial presence. *

Deconstructing Shakespeare became much less popular at the very end of the British Raj.

According to the film There'll Always be Stars in the Sky, Bollywood employs rural folk performers whenever possible Even in rural areas, people would usually rather see a film than attend a traditional dramatic performance Bollywood portrays a realistic view of life—unlike the fantasies of traditional performances

Even in rural areas, people would usually rather see a film than attend a traditional dramatic performance

There is one major cultural tradition that traverses the boundaries of South Asian countries. T/F

False

Considering the examples we heard in Topic 15, which of the following instruments may be used to accompany bhatiyali? Sitar and sarod Flute, Sarangi, and Tabla Shahnai

Flute, Sarangi, and Tabla

According to the film There'll Always be Stars in the Sky, Music is not as important as the storyline in Bollywood films Folk performers feel as though they must imitate aspects of Bollywood films in order to draw in audiences Bollywood disdains folk performances Female actors in Bollywood must be modestly dressed

Folk performers feel as though they must imitate aspects of Bollywood films in order to draw in audiences

Which of the following statements about British rule in South Asia is true? Exaggerated rhetoric enabled the British subjects to accept British rule The effects of World War I encouraged a greater desire to expand the empire All the statements are true Grand statements of principle came when the careers of British rulers were under greatest threat

Grand statements of principle came when the careers of British rulers were under greatest threat

Which of the following statements about Tagore's cultural contributions is false? He was a prolific writer He was against Gandhi and Nehru He promoted literature in the vernacular He founded Shantiniketan

He was against Gandhi and Nehru

Which of the following statements about Tagore's nationalist activities is true? He was called the "Great Sentinel" by British leaders His activities were respected by both Nehru and Gandhi He eventually decided to shift his support to the British Raj He regularly staged rallies to support Gandhi's efforts

His activities were respected by both Nehru and Gandhi

Partition took place In 1900, at the instigation of Hindu nationals In 1947, following the end of the British Raj In 1957, after the British had relinquished power on the Subcontinent In 1918, following the Spanish flu pandemic

In 1947, following the end of the British Raj

Which of the following statements about attitudes towards Shakespeare is true? All the statements are true Adaptations of Shakespearian plays are becoming increasingly scarce in the twenty-first century Most modern Indians regard Shakespeare reverentially Indian literary giants such as Tagore had conflicting relationships with the works of Shakespeare

Indian literary giants such as Tagore had conflicting relationships with the works of Shakespeare

Which of the following statements about Midnight's Children is false? If offers a remarkable story about the relationships between peoples of different religions in India and about the effects of British rule from the perspective of a native Indian It is written by an Indian Muslim writer It won the Booker Prize and the Best of the Bookers on two occasions It chronicles the story of a Hindu family before, during, and after Partition

It chronicles the story of a Hindu family before, during, and after Partition

Which of the following statements about Gitanjali is false? It is a collection of devotional song lyrics It was translated by Tagore from Bengali into English It is the work for which he won the Nobel Prize It is a collection of protest songs against the British Raj

It is a collection of protest songs against the British Raj

Which of the following statements about the Sahaja sect of Buddhism is false? Hinduism integrated with a remnant of Buddhism during the 8th through 12th centuries, creating this sect It is a remnant of Buddhism that integrated with Sufism in the 8th century It is an example of cultural syncretism in South Asia The Sahaja sect is still practiced among a small percentage of the population

It is a remnant of Buddhism that integrated with Sufism in the 8th century

Which of the following statements about bhatiyali is false? It is a boat song popular in Bengal and Bangladesh It is the same as sari-gan It may be performed by classically trained singers Occasional melismatic flourishes grace the otherwise syllabic singing style

It is the same as sari-gan

Which of the following statements about Lean's film is true? Lean fought with his producer about the screenplay Lean re-wrote the screenplay After reading Santha Rama Rau's screenplay, he was anxious to use it in the film

Lean re-wrote the screenplay

According to Amit Chaudhuri, which of the following statements about Tagore's views on literature is false? We know what literature cannot exist without, but we do not know what literature is The essence of literature does not allow itself to be trapped within a definition Literature is like the essence of life Literature pales in importance to the oral tradition

Literature pales in importance to the oral tradition

Which of the following statements about the characters in Lean's film is true? Mr. Fielding never liked Azziz Mrs. Moore disapproved of Mr. Fielding Miss Quested was engaged to Mrs. Moore's son Azziz was guilty

Miss Quested was engaged to Mrs. Moore's son

Since the Little Traditions involve all the arts, including visual, musical, dramatic, and oral elements, one could say they are Multicultural Multilingual Multipurpose Multimodal

Multimodal

Which of the following accomplishments did Tagore consider his greatest gift? Paintings Essays Poetry Music

Music

According to the readings in topic 14, Nehru, along with Gandhi, recognized Tagore's outstanding personal greatness The American press was obsessed with Tagore's poetry Gandhi did not appreciate Tagore's importance as a writer King George called Tagore "the conscience of the subcontinent"

Nehru, along with Gandhi, recognized Tagore's outstanding personal greatness

According to the Bauls, People should worship within their homes People should actively learn about all religions All of the statements are true People do not need to worship in temples or mosques

People do not need to worship in temples or mosques

According to Trivedi's concluding paragraph, Shakespeare is not considered a "world author" Shakespeare continues to speak in strange and wondrous forms now that he has become detached from the colonial baggage Indians see post-modern adaptations as desecrations of a literary icon Levels of engagement with Shakespeare are decreasing

Shakespeare continues to speak in strange and wondrous forms now that he has become detached from the colonial baggage