Industrial Revolution
Describe several inventions that caused the Industrial Revolution to start in the textile industry.
1. Cotton Gin (Removed seeds from raw cotton) 2. Spinning Jenny (Takes cotton and makes thread) 3. Loom (Weaving Machine) 4. Flying Shuttle (Weaving Machine) 5. Steam Engine (Factories and shipping/transportation)
What is the New Middle Class?
A class that included various groups of workers that were in the middle income range.
What did Louis Pasteur do?
Founded Pasteurization.
What did Charles Darwin do?
Founded the idea of natural selection.
What did Einstein do?
Founded the theory of relitivitiy.
What does Laissez Faire mean?
Free to do
What is urbanization?
Growth of major cities.
Who invented the Model T?
Henry Ford
Who used the assembly line?
Henry Ford
What is romanticism?
Idealism, ideal world and beings.
Who founded conditional reflex?
Ivan Pavlov
Who invented the steam engine?
James Watt
What did Adam Smith do?
Lead Laissez Faire economics.
What did John Rockefeller do?
Led the oil industry.
What did Andrew Carnegie do?
Led the steel industry.
How did medical care affect society?
Led to a dramatic decline in infant deathes.
How did electricity/the light bulb affect society?
Led to development of city electrical utility systems and many aspects of life became easier.
How did the radio affect society?
Led to entertainment and news, and music became available to everyone after Edison's phonograph.
How did the automobile affect society?
Led to freedom that allowed americans to travel anywhere and roads increased.
What is Standard of Living?
Level of material comfort.
Who founded pasteurization?
Louis Pasteur
What is psychoanalysis?
Method of therapy that involved hypnotism.
How did psychology affect society?
People became better in mental and physical help and found out there are things kept in the subconcious.
What is mass production?
Producing items in larger quantities.
What did Ivan Pavlov do?
Proved animals can be taught.
What is realism?
Realistic, everyday life
What does a cotton gin do?
Removes seeds from raw cotton.
What are some new leasure activities?
Rugby, American football, cultural activities, baseball and vacations.
Who invented the telegraph?
Samuel Morse
How does the Industrial Revolution affect the cottage industry? Long term? Short term?
Short term, cottage workers lost business and turned to violence. Long term, they lost their work and started labor unions.
Who discovered psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
Who is an entrepreneur?
Someone who starts a business.
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England?
Stable government, Colonies got raw materials, located on water for good trade, large labor supply, and education/technology.
What did Wilbur/Orville Wright do?
Succeeded in flying an airplane in sustained flight.
What does the spinning jenny do?
Takes cotton and makes thread.
How does the Industrial Revolution affect the standard of living in a country? What happens because of this change?
The Industrial Revolution led to an improvement of the standard of living. More people could buy cheap machine-made goos. Because of this change, people had more time on their hands and more money in their pockets.
What is child labor?
When children are required to work at adult jobs.
Who is an example of a romantic writer?
William Woodsworth
What are suburbs?
Areas around the cities that were less crowded, quieter and cleaner.
What is a labor union?
An organization representing workers' interests.
Who were two entrepreneurs?
Andrew Carnegie and John Rockefeller
What is a labor union? How does it work? What does it protect? Why was it needed?
A labor union is an organization that represents workers' interests. To urge employers to raise wages and improve conditions, unions in Britain organized strikes. It protects people's rights to good work hours, safety and child labor. It was needed to help with factory conditions.
What is the Model T?
A line of affordable cars.
What is the telephone?
A machine that lets one person talk to another through the machine without being near them.
What is the telegraph?
A machine that sent messages instantly over wires.
What was the Industrial Revolution?
A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufactoring and production.
What is the steam engine?
A power machine used in factories or shipping and transportation.
What was the cottage industry?
A small-scale industry carried on at home using their own equipment.
What is a conditional reflex?
A taught reflex.
What is a strike?
A work stoppage.
Who was the leader of Laissez Faire economics?
Adam Smith
Who invented the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
What is Laissez Faire?
An economic idea that says the government shouldnt interfere in business.
What is the assembly line?
An innovation that divided work labor into different parts to make items quicker.
Who theorized natural selection?
Charles Darwin
What is natural selection?
Claims creatures that are well adapted to their environment have a better chance of surviving to produce offspring.
How did the telephone affect society?
Demand for telephones increased and many phone lines sprung up in America.
What did Michael Faraday do?
Discovered the connection between magnetism and electricity.
Describe factory and city life during this era.
Factories sprung up and led to more jobs and opportunities for children to work. Child labor, bad conditoins in factories and pollution becames issues.
What did Sigmund Freud do?
Invented psychoanalysis.
What did Henry Ford do?
Invented the Model T with use of an assembly line.
What did Thomas Edison do?
Invented the lightbulb and led to electricity.
What did James Watt do?
Invented the steam engine.
What did Samuel Morse do?
Invented the telegraph.
What did Alexander Graham Bell do?
Invented the telephone.
What is the Bessemer Process?
Involved forcing air through molten metal to burn out carbon and other impurities that make metal brittle.
What is pasteurization?
The process of heating liquids to kill bacteria and prevent fermentation.
What changes came about because of the Industrial Revolution?
Urbanization around factories, push for allies and colonies, mass production, cottage workers out of business, more use of fossil fuels and a higher standard of living.
What did Charles Dickens do?
Was a famous realistic writer.
What did William Woodsworth do?
Was a famous romantic writer.
