Inman Review Domain 1-4
using the above formula, determine protein intake per day in grams
78 g PRO 500 ml x .10 a.a = 50 g a.a This provides 50 g a.a for 1560 ml: 1560 ml x 50 g a.a. = 1000x x = 78 g PRO
with a cho:insulin ration of 16:1, how much insulin is needed with this meal? 1.3 cups spaghetti, 1 cup spaghetti sauce, 1 c green beans, 1 slice bread, 1 t butter, 1/2 c ice cream
8 units
infuse a periphereal solution at a maximum flow rate of how many mOsm/L?
800
in a TPN mixture, what volume of the amino acid solutions listed would come closest to providing 185 kcals
850 ml of 5.5% a.a.
a TPN solution is to be delivered at 50ml/hr at 3/4 strength. what is the approriate order?
900 ml formula, 300ml water 50 mL/hour x 24 hours/day = 1200 mL x .75 = 900 mL formula + 300 mL water = 1200 mL total volume
determine the calorie contribution of carbohydrate from the following parenteral formula. the amounts stated are given per liter. 300 ml 60% dextrose, 500 ml 10% a.a., 200 ml 20% lipid total nutrient mixture administered at 65 ml/hr for 24 hrs
955 kcals/day **the key is per liter. So per liter this provides 180 grams of dextrose: 300 ml x .60 dextrose = 180 g dextrose the total volume is 1560 ml: 65 ml/hr x 24 hours = 1560 ml therefore, 1000/1560 = 180/x; cross multiply 1560 ml x 180 g dextrose = 1000x x = 280 g dextrose This provides 280 grams dextrose for 1560 ml: 280 g dextrose x 3.4 kcal/g dextrose = 955 kcal.
how many grams does a low birth wt infant weight?
<2500
what is the first thing you should do if an employee frequently comes to work without the proper uniform a. fire him b. give him a written warning c. find out why d. give him a warning, and fire him the next time it happens
c. find out why
which food items require the highest humidity a. meat b. dairy c. fruits, vegetables d. poultry
c. fruits, vegetables
Which of the following is NOT a main component of continuous quality improvement (CQI)? [MGT:313] a. Customer satisfaction b. Data collection c. Team involvement d. Multidisciplinary rounds
Multidisciplinary rounds
when can a citizen have impact on a bill a. during debate in the Senate b. when the bill goes to committee c. when the bill is in public hearings d. during debate in the House
c. when the bill is in public hearings
what is lacking in the traditional diet for Asians living in America?
calcium
a Billroth II procedure is most likely to affect a pt's absorption of:
calcium and Fe
which of the following is lowest in fat?
canadian bacon
a client who primarily consumes frozen dinners and breakfast cereal because of limited access to transportation most likely would have a nutrition dx of:
impaired ability to prepare meals
a pt complains of abdominal distention, mouth lesions, and a 10% wt loss over the past 6 months. the nutrition dx would be:
impaired nutrient utilization
an athlete has recently increased his intake of chicken, tuna and beef to increase muscle mass. however he reports decreased energy and poor performance at practice. what is the likely cause?
inadequate cho intake
An 11 month old infant is constipated. the most likely nutrition dx would be:
inadequate fluid intake
The two financial statements primarily used by foodservice managers to analyze operational effectiveness are the [MGT:343] a. inventory valuation record and budget. b. balance sheet and inventory valuation record. c. budget and income statement. d. income statement and balance sheet.
income statement and balance sheet.
the most relevant objective for a multiyr project directed at reducing the incidence of colon cancer in a community is to:
increase by 50% in 1 yr middle age men's knowledge about the associated between high level of dietary fat and colon cancer
what would you first advise a constipated pt to do?
increase fluids and fiber intake
for the past 2 months a man who is 6'0" tall has been nauseated and anorexic and has consumed fewer than 500 kcals/day, mostly from sweet foods. his albumin of 5.0 g/dl most likely reflects:
increase in albumin due to dehyrdation
in acute hepatitis, you sould likely see:
increase in both SGOT and SGPT
a pt on megastrol acetate may experience:
increased appetite
which of the following would be classified as NI in the NC?
increased energy expenditure
an example of positive nutrition care outcome is: a. increased intake of foods high in iron and vit c b. increase in the number of participants in a wt mgmt class c. increase in physician referrals to the outpatient department d. decrease in the number of complaints regarding low sodium levels
increased intake of foods high in fe and vit c
fiber, like that found in oats, beans and bran cereals, results in:
increased water absoprtion from the intestine
which of the following is true about SGOT (Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase):
increased with hepatitis, decreased with DM
the immediate post-stress release of glucagon:
increases glucose release into the bloodstream
a child is below the 5th %ile weight for ht. what can be said about the child?
indication for recent under-nutrition
a 35 yo female with T1DM received nutrition counseling and started NPH therapy one month ago. Today her fasting blood glc levelis 290mg/dl and chol leve is 185mg/dl. she eats one meal per day. which need to you address first?
instruction about the relationship of diet to blood glucose level
A RD at a school foodsvc receives several phone calles conerning the risk f cancer to children who consume fresh fruits treated with pesticides. the first action should be:
investigate the issue and decide on a course of action
a normal pregnancy requires supplementation of:
iron and folic acid
WIC encourages women with babies to:
breastfeed
What is the KEY element in disciplining employees? [MGT:338] a) Identifying solutions to correct undesirable behavior b) Providing feedback c) Providing consistency d) Identifying causes for unacceptable behavior
c) Providing consistency
the employee turnover rate refers to the following a. total replacement employees divided by average work force b. % of turnover rate divided by number of replacements c. # employees terminated and replaced divided by total number of positions d. # total positions divided by number part time employees
c. # employees terminated and replaced divided by total number of positions
an 8 lb roast beef cost $2.79/lb. the edible portion is 65%. what is the AP price of the roast a. $21.19 b. $22.00 c. $22.32 d. $23.04
c. $22.32
using the following data, the average check for September is: total revenue: $909009; net income: $173010; FTEs: 27.9; number of customers: 32613 a. $5.30 b. $6.29 c. $27.87 d. $33.04
c. $27.87 (total revenue/# of customers)
a business pays 4% of its income as rent ($1200), 70% towards labor and food costs, and $2500 towards other monthly expenses. how much profit does this business make per month a. $6000 b. $4200 c. $5300 d. $7200
c. $5300 (1200/.04=30000 x 70% = 21000; 30000-(1200+21000+2500 )=5300 profit)
if you purchase an oven for $10000, it is expected to last for 10 years, after which it can be sold for $3000. what is its depreciation cost for each year a. $2000 b. $1500 c. $700 d. $500
c. $700 (10000 - 3000 = 7000/10years = 700)
if the productivity goal for a patient tray assembly unit is 4 trays per minute, the unit should be able to assemble approximately 350 trays in a. 1 hour b. 1 hour 15 minutes c. 1 hour 30 minutes d. 1 hour 45 minutes
c. 1 hour 30 minutes (350/4 = 87.5 minutes to prepare 350 trays)
the #12 scoop measures a. 1/4 cup b. 1/2 cup c. 1/3 cup d. 1 cup
c. 1/3 cup
how many actual relief employees are needed to cover 20 fulltime employees a. 12 b. 15 c. 11 d. 8
c. 11 (multiply # of FT employees by .55 to get # of relief workers needed; 20 x .55=11)
if an employee works 5 days each week, how many regular employees can be covered by one relief worker a. 1 1/2 b. 2 c. 2 1/2 d. 3
c. 2 1/2 (hospital food service positions cover a 7 day week. employees work 5 days and have 2 days off; a relief worker covers those 2 days off and can also work a 5 day week; a relief worker can cover the "days off" of a 2.5 full time workers each week. 5/2=2.5)
the elderly need how many ml of water per KG? a. 35 - 40 b. 45 c. 25 - 30 d. 25
c. 25 - 30
based on an 8 hour day, the number of hours worked was 55,267 per year. the total number of hours paid was 59,995. calculate the number of productive FTEs a. 2.27 b. 18.90 c. 26.60 d. 28.80
c. 26.60 (55267 # of hours worked / 2080 FTE per year = 26.57 FTEs)
a cafeteria seats 80 customers. lunch runs from 11:15am to 1:00pm. turnover is 2.5 customers/hour. how many can be served during those hours a. 125 b. 216 c. 350 d. 550
c. 350 (2.5 x 1.75(hours open) = 4.375 x 80 seats = 350)
what is the benefit: cost ratio of a program intervention that cost $1890000 if the savings as a result of the program were $5.67 million a. 1:1 b. 2:1 c. 3:1 d. 1:3
c. 3:1 (5.67million/1.89million = 3; savings is 3x greater than cost)
there are seven foodservice employees in the tray assembly unit. the patient census is 350. if 1 1/2 hours of assembly time is allowed, a feasible productivity goal for the unit is to assemble how many trays per minute a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5
c. 4 (350 patients/90minutes = 3.89 trays per minute; number of employees is irrelevant)
a baker makes a batch of cookies in 18 minutes. what is the maximum number of batches he can make in 2 hours a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7
c. 6 (60/18=3.3334x2=6.6668)
if the above entrees had been served on Tuesday, how many servings of spaghetti will you need next Tuesday, if you expect to serve 300 total entrees a. 150 b. 63 c. 87 d. 101
c. 87 (40/total # of servings = 28.58% x 300)
in interstate shipping of shellfish is monitored by the a. USDA b. HHS c. FDA d. FTC
c. FDA
which group is responsible for nutritional labeling a. USDA b. US dept. of commerce c. FDA d. UPI
c. FDA
the number of work movements between pieces of equipment is indicated on a. a flow diagram b. a Gantt chart c. a cross chart d. Johari's window
c. a cross chart
if you were an employee and member of the union, and were involved in initial labor dispute talks, you would be called a. an arbitrator b. a mediator c. a shop steward d. a union agent
c. a shop steward
if dishes come out of the dish machine with water spots a. use more detergent b. add a drying agent to the wash cycle c. add a drying agent to the rinse cycle d. use less detergent
c. add a drying agent to the rinse cycle
a meat slicer should be cleaned a. at the end of each day b. at the end of each shift c. after each use d. after each meal
c. after each use
which is an example of line authority a. a part time consultant for WIC b. a consulting dietitian for an outpatient department c. an administrative dietitian in a 600 bed hospital d. a consulting dietitian for a nursing home
c. an administrative dietitian in a 600 bed hospital
the FDA a. inspects meat, poultry, fish, eggs b. inspects factories c. enforces the Food, drug and Cosmetic Act d. monitors interstate shipping of shellfish e. a, b, c f. c, d g. b, c, d h. a, c
c. b, c, d (inspects factories, enforces the Food, drug and Cosmetic Act, monitors interstate shipping of shellfish)
What does epinephrine do during catabolic stress?
Raises blood glucose
Which statement best describes the first "S" component of the FOCUS-PDSA performance improvement model? [MGT:310] a. Identify a process to improve b. Develop a team c. Explain the current process d. Recognize sources of variation
Recognize sources of variation
which of the following directly assists the greatest number of people?
SNAP-supplemental nutrition assistance program
When substituting for saturated fats in the diet, which of the following oils will likely lower total cholesterol but also lower HDL cholesterol? Safflower oil Olive oil Canola oil Peanut oil
Safflower
Fats high in polyunsaturated fatty acids
Safflower and corn
Where does fresh meat contamination usually come from?
Salmonella
What is the best way to control salmonella contamination?
Sanitizing the meat slicer
During a snow storm, the assistant cook (AC) can't get to work. The person working in the "salads" position is unable to take over all AC responsibilities but is somewhat confiÞnt and willing to assist the head cook in preparing items on the daily production schedule. To be most effective, which leadership style should the foodservice manager use? [MGT:330] a. Telling b. Selling c. Participating d. Delegating
Selling
it takes _____ FTEs to fill one 8 hour, 7 day per week position a. 1.4 b. 1.6 c. 1.8 d. 2
a. 1.4 (relief workers can cover 2 days off plus a five day shift, since need # of FTEs calculate 1 FTE for the 5 day work week and then # of FTEs for the remaining 2 days (2/5=.40) so 1 FTE +.40 FTE = 1.4 FTEs)
to sanitize, immerse dishes in a chemical solution for __ minutes a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
a. 1
following a colectomy, the absorption of which of the following would be of the most conern?
water and sodium
expected creatinine clerance is estimated from the client's
weight and height
which is the least useful evaluation tool in a community assessment program?
weight for age
which wold provide the most useful data when conducting nutrition screening on preschool children at a health fair?
weight for stature
a Rabbi is admitted to the hospital. what question will he ask the RD?
what is the mixture of foods in combination dishes?
when is breast feeding contraindicated?
when the mother has AIDS
osteoporosis is most likely to occur in: a. the physically active adult b. a non-smoker c. a black female d. a white female
white female
an 18 month old child should receive
whole milk
a patient with chronic pancreatitis should consume oral pancreatic enzymes: a. with large meals and fatty foods b. only if steatorrhea increases c. with all meats and snacks d. only if consuming a high fat, low protein diet
with all meals and snacks **symptoms of pancreatitis can be aggravated by introduction of food
iron preparations should be taken:
with meals
a man with HIV presents
wt (see questions)
which is the most useful for evaluating recent under-nutrition or over-nutrition?
wt for ht
if you have lactose intolerance, which food could you most likely tolerate?
yogurt
at what temperature should coffee and items such as thin soups be held for serving a. 140-160F b. 180-190F c. 200-212F d. over 212F
b. 180-190F
previously cooked hazardous food must be reheated to an internal temperature of 165F for fifteen seconds within a. 1 hour b. 2 hours c. 4 hours d. 30 minutes
b. 2 hours
a foodservice uses hamburger patties at an average rate of 6 cases per day. lead time is 3 days. you want to have a safety supply of 2 cases. you need to order them when the supply drops to ___ cases a. 18 b. 20 c. 36 d. 45
b. 20 (6 cases x 3 days lead + 2 safety supply = 20)
the first step in planning nutrition svcs for a new community health center should be to:
identify nutriton related health problems in the community
a nutrition surveillance program is designed primarily to:
identify the nutrional needs of the population
what section of the intestine is most likely to be involved in Crohn's disease?
ileum (final section in small intestine)
When should you provide nutrition counseling to an AIDS patient?
immediately upon diagnosis
which of the following would be classified as NB in the NCP?
impaired ability to prepare foods (NB-behavioral-environment)
a post-surgical patien with prolonged ileus should be treated with
parenteral nutrition
a pt with short bowel syndrome will likely receive as initial nutrition therapy
parenteral therapy
a pt is recovering from an ileosecal resection, where 100 cm was removed. what are your recomendations?
parenteral vitamin b12, increase fluids, increase protein
a child has been identified as being at risk for food allergies. what should be withheld for the first few years?
peanut butter and milk
which food should someone on an MAOI (antidepressents-older formula) not eat?
pepperoni
a Crohn's pt who has previously well-nourished has a fever an ileus 7 days PO. which feeding method should you recommend?
periphereal IV infusion
a pt admitted to the ICU is Dx with HIV and progressive infection. What nutrients would be helpful?
phosphorus and zinc
a 2 year old child with iron deficiency anemia has anorexia, vomiting, weight loss and restlessness? look for:
pica and lead poisoning
a hispanic woman needs more calcium in her diet. what do you recommend?
pinto beans
which of the following has the fewest calories?
plain hamburger on a bun (compared to chef's sald with dressing, green salad with thousand island dressing and shredded cheese, fried fish sandwich)
a primary use of the DRI is to:
plan menus for healthy people
esophageal varices may be caused by: a. portal hypotension b. portal hypertension c. a high fiber diet d. a high fiber, high residue diet
portal hypertension esophageal varices occur when blood cannot enter the liver increased blood pressure in small BV causes an outpouching of the veins = VARICES
Which can be included in a meal for gluten-induced enteropathy (celiac disease)?
potatoes with butter
what is the goal of the dietary guidelines?
prevention of chronic disease
which hormone is inovlved in developing the placenta
progesterone
which hormone regulates breast milk production?
prolactin
which has the greatest effect on the renal solute load? a. potassium b. sodium c. glucose d. protein
protein **RSL = the sum of the materials that need to be excreted via the urine including, urea, sodium, potassium, chloride used for measuring obligatory fluid output of patients on TF formula renal solute load mainly measures nitrogen (60%) and sodium; each gram of PRO ingested yields 5.8 mOsm in adults vs each mEq of electrolyte (Na, K, Cl) yields 1 mOsm.
an indication for use of a protein hydrolysate infant formula is:
protein hypersensitivity
urea excretion is related to ____, while creatinine excretion is related to____.
protein intake, muscle mass
a nephrotic syndrome pt with edema has a serum albumin level that continues to fall. recognize that:
protein is being lost in the urine
a pt with liver disease needs adjustments in the intake of
protein, fluids, sodium
What is the best flour for making cakes?
All-purpose flour if you do not have cake flour
What causes egg yolk color to change?
Alteration of the feed provided
Which of the folowing is not a governmental agency?
American Heart Association (govt agencies include: HHS-Health and human services, FDA-food and drug administration, FNB-Food and nutrition board)
which formula is high in calories and low in protein?
AminAid
Dicumarol
Anticoagulant Avoid vitamin K
What affects Vitamin K?
Anticoagulants and antibodies
What should you do with a new client who sits scowling at you during the session
Ask her if she is uncomfortable about the session
Which of the following financial terms includes accumulated depreciation? [MGT:348] a. Fixed assets b. Owner's equity c. Liability d. Gross profit
Fixed assets
Why would a patient with edema actually be dehydrated?
Fluid is retained extracellularly (outside the cells)
a mother with 2 daughters, ages 8 and 11, doesn't earn enough money to feed her familly. Which program would you suggest?
Food Stamps
a single man with two daughters, ages 10 and 11 is looking for aid. which program might provide assistance
Food Stamps
What is required by gastric proteolysis (protein digestion in the stomach)?
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Example of how ascorbic acid aids in healing
Hydroxyproline ----> collagen
Which of the following is NOT an element of Chronic Care Model (CCM)? [MGT:298] a. Self-management support b. the community c. Clinical information systems d. Motivation
Motivation
Nutrient added to flour for enrichment
Iron
Ferric
Iron in the form of food
What is the main purpose of water in the body?
It acts as a medium for cell metabolism
Why does prevention of Listeria require special care?
It can grow at temps of 34-113 degrees
What does the term "USDA graded" on meat tell the consumer?
It defines quality Not that it was free of disease at time of slaughter or that it is fit for human consumption
You want to keep lemon meringue at its peak. What should you do?
Keep it in the fridge
What does the brain use for energy in the starvation state?
Ketone bodies
What happens if linoleic acid replaces CHO in the diet?
LDL (bad) decreases, HDL (good) increases
The Cori cycle converts what?
Lactate into pyruvate
Which "leadership powers" appear to be most important for compliance? [MGT:329] a. Expert, referent b. Legitimate, expert c. Referent, reward d. Reward, legitimate
Legitimate, expert
The rate of oxidation of which branched-chain amino acid increases significantly during moderate exercise?
Leucine
Which of the following ratios indicates an organization's ability to meet current financial obligations? [MGT:350] a. Liquidity b. Operating c. Activity d. Profitability
Liquidity
How does acidic chyme become neutralized in the duodenum?
Mixing with bicarbonate and fluids
Why would ground meat spoil faster than sliced meat?
More surface area is exposed
forty entrees of fish cost $2.00 per serving. total sales for the fish came to $240.00. what was the food cost percentage a. 25% b. 33% c. 50% d. 60%
b. 33% (80/240=33%)
what temperature range is recommended for a diary refrigerator a. 28-32F b. 36-40F c. 45-50F d. 55-60F
b. 36-40F
in a hospital with 300 patients, it takes 14 minutes to prepare one meal. how many FTEs are needed per week a. 12 b. 37 c. 46 d. 10
b. 37
Employees Work hours/week dietitian 40 nurse 40 doctor 30 diet aides 20 secretary 20 clerk 10 how many FTEs are in the above operation a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8
b. 4
the maximum number of calories per serving in a product labeled "low calorie" is a. 20 b. 40 c. 60 d. 80
b. 40 (no more than 40 calories/serving)
how wide should an aisle be for two people with a mobile cart to move through a. 40" b. 50" c. 60" d. 72"
b. 50" (lane with >1 person or where mobile equipment passes through = 48-52")
entrée #servings food cost/serving pot roast 70 $1.50 chicken stew 30 $.75 spaghetti 40 $.60 what is the popularity index for pot roast a. 40% b. 50% c. 60% d. 70%
b. 50% (70/total number of servings)
which of the following types of menus would be most appropriate for a new acute-care facility with an expected length of stay of 2 days a. static b. 7 day cycle c. 14 day cycle d. 21 day cycle
b. 7 day cycle
the most appropriate temperature for a sanitizing solution is a. 50F b. 79F c. 90F d. 140F
b. 79F (1 minute in 75F water with a chemical solution)
the use of a sugar substitute is regulated by a. NIH b. FDA c. WHO d. FTC
b. FDA
adulterated food is regulated by the a. HHS b. FDA under the food, drug, cosmetic act c. Department of commerce d. USDA
b. FDA under the food, drug, cosmetic act
being well treated by supervisors, being given special attention, and the importance of breaks in increasing productivity, are all considered motivators by a. Herzberg b. Mayo c. Maslow d. MacGregor
b. Mayo (Hawthorne studies; involve people in the process and they become productive; due to special attention, involved in experiences, well-treated by supervisors, work breaks increase productivity; placebo effect - special attention improves behavior)
the nutritional label on food utilizes the DRIs which replace the old a. RDAs b. USRDAs c. USRs d. OSHAs
b. USRDAs
if you increase the size of the kitchen, what effect will there be on worker efficiency a. an increase b. a decrease c. no change d. depends on the menu
b. a decrease
you are involved in planning a prospectus. this is a. measuring the size of all food service equipment b. a planning guide for a kitchen c. how to arrange the dairy box d. how to document nutrition care
b. a planning guide for a kitchen (prospectus - a document describing the major features of a proposed literary work, project, business venture etc. )
a graphic representation of the separate steps in a procedure using symbols is a. a flow diagram b. a process chart c. an operations chart d. a cross chart
b. a process chart
which would be a sentinel event a. a meat slicer left with the blade unguarded b. a wet floor near the dish machine c. an unclean can opener d. MSDS sheets not posted
b. a wet floor near the dish machine
a dietitian documents their work on time. this is an example of a. responsibility b. accountability c. courtesy d. good time management
b. accountability (n obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for one's actions)
what is the best example of delegation a. tell the employee what to do b. allow the employee to change procedures to achieve desired outcome c. require the employee to provide daily progress reports d. select an employee who is interested in management
b. allow the employee to change procedures to achieve desired outcome
which is considered a hazardous situation a. a gauge on the coffee urn not working b. an employee washing floors during rush hour c. an employee cleaning the grill with steel wool d. an employee leaving the freezer door ajar
b. an employee washing floors during rush hour
the report representing the financial condition of an organization as of a particular date is a a. budget b. balance sheet c. income statement d funds flow sheet
b. balance sheet (shows financial condition as of a particular date; formulas use data from financial statements, compares organization with similar ones, compares ratios with those projected or with preceding rations)
several patients receiving pureed foods at a long term care facility have developed salmonella infections. the most likely cause is a. pots and pans were washed and left to air dry b. blender was washed in warm soapy water c. the canned pureed meat was stored at 70 degrees d. the eggs from breakfast were held on the hot line at 165 degrees
b. blender was washed in wark soapy water
traditional diets of Asian populations in the united states are low in a. iron b. calcium c. vitamin C d. essential fatty acids
b. calcium
if the chlorine solution in the dish machine is not working properly, the first action should be a. change to quaternary ammonia b. check the concentration and temperature of the solution c. use disposable dishes d. change to an iodine solution
b. check the concentration and temperature of the solution
which type of power is ineffective in motivating behavioral change and may create resistance a. referent b. coercive c. legitimate d. expert
b. coercive
what method of food service is used when one school delivers meals to another a. ready-prepared b. commissary-satellite c. assembly serve d. cook-chill
b. commissary-satellite
you are hired by a health club to develop a weight control program. there are at least two other similar programs in the area. to determine the potential success of this new program first a. develop promotional materials b. conduct a market analysis c. analyze the success of existing programs d. discuss the idea with other dietitians
b. conduct a market analysis
which of the following tools would be best in determining consumption of vegetables in a high school a. 24 hour dietary recall records b. conduct plate waste studies c. conduct focus groups with students d. track school cafeteria sales records
b. conduct plate waste studies
you are the food service director and have received a note saying that last night's meat delivery had been improperly handled by two employees. your first action is to a. contact the delivery driver to see how the meat was delivered b. contact the two employees responsible for handling the meat c. inspect the meat for color and odor d. have the meat cooked immediately
b. contact the two employees responsible for handling the meat
the kitchen layout below is characteristic of which foodservice system deck ovens/range/tilting skillet/refrigerator/freezer/preparation counter/meal assembly/delivery carts a. commissary b. conventional c. ready prepared d. assembly-serve
b. conventional
the process of comparing a program's benefits to net savings is called a. cost effectiveness analysis b. cost benefit analysis c. formative evaluation d. program evaluation
b. cost benefit analysis
when cleaning ______, use chlorine or quaternary ammonia a. laundry b. countertops c. oven d. floors
b. countertops
which of the following is an outcome indicator a. freezer temperatures are recorded daily b. customers are satisfied with the meals c. tube feeding bags and sets are changed every 24 hours d. food allergies are documented in the medical record
b. customers are satisfied with the meals (information gathered that reflects whether the process achieved desired results)
which piece of food service equipment is the least energy efficient a. convection oven b. deck oven c. steam jacketed kettle d. rotary oven
b. deck oven
which additive improves crispness in vegetables a. BHA b. BHT c. calcium d. pectin
c. calcium (additives used as humectants; retain moisture, increase firmness, tenderness)
during an interview, which of the following can you ask a. do you have a car b. how will you get to work c. can you get to work on time without any problem d. do you own a car
c. can you get to work on time without any problem
results of a patient food satisfaction survey indicate that patients think servings are too large. the dietitian should first a. conduct a plate waste survey b. reduce the serving size c. check the serving utensils on the line d. review regulations concerning nutrient requirements
c. check the serving utensils on the line
underwriters laboratory does which of the following a. inspects facilities for safety b. inspects facilities for cleanliness c. checks safety of electrical equipment d. inspects gas equipment
c. checks safety of electrical equipment
how does a new supervisor gain respect a. show employees different ways to do their job b. work with a different employee each day c. communicate regularly with them to keep them informed d. smile a lot
c. communicate regularly with them to keep them informed
a dietitian ordering canned goods can be assured of a reliable product if they a. buy directly from the manufacturer b. accept the most reasonable bid c. conduct a can cutting analysis d. buy the same brand, grade, size as the last time
c. conduct a can cutting analysis
the management function in which performance is measured and corrective action is taken to ensure accomplishment of an organizational goal is known as a. planning b. directing c. controlling d. organizing
c. controlling
which of the following food service systems has the lowest labor costs a. cook freeze b. cook chill c. convenience d. conventional
c. convenience aka assembly serve
which is a medium fat meat? a. peanut butter b. tunafish packed in water c. corned beef d. chicken without skin
c. corned beef
methylene is added to some types of coffee to a. retain the flavor b. retain the color c. decaffeinate it d. destroy the bacteria
c. decaffeinate it
work simplification studies a. looks at the job as a whole b. increase worker responsibility c. decrease costs and increases productivity d. increase worker interest in the job
c. decrease costs and increases productivity
the food service director who wants to hire a dietitian should first a. publish a job listing in the journal of academy of nutrition b. screen potential applicants to determine who has an RD credential c. develop a job description and specification for the position d. review dietitians resumes on file
c. develop a job description and specification for the position
which management functions should require the greatest allotment of time by a production manager a. planning and organizing b. organizing and directing c. directing and controlling d. organizing and controlling
c. directing and controlling
when determining the labor turnover rate in one period look at the number of a. employees at the beginning of the period and the number of new employees b. employees at the beginning of the period and the number who left c. employees at the end of the period and the number of new employees d. the number of employees at the end of the period and the number who left
c. employees at the end of the period and the number of new employees
the span of control refers to the number of a. supervisors b. part-time employees c. employees under the direction of one person d. staff positions
c. employees under the direction of one person
why are mono- and di-glycerides added to the shortening used in cakes a. increase spreadability b. thickeners c. emulsifiers d. coloring agents
c. emulsifiers
a supervising dietitian who wishes to delegate specific responsibilities should first a. organize a task force b. check the production schedule c. establish expected outcomes d. establish expected time frames to accomplish tasks
c. establish expected outcomes
appearance, taste and texture are considered a. quantity control b. safety control c. quality control d. production control
c. quality control
to reduce the budget, first look at a. menu costs b. fixed costs c. variable costs d. semi-variable costs
c. variable costs
quality circles are useful in a. employee evaluations b. job selection and placement c. policy development d. increasing productivity
d. increasing productivity
which of the following is equivalent to a very lean meat exhange?
1/4 c low fat cottage cheese
Toxic level of vitamin A
10,000 IU
a tube feeding ran from 7pm-6am, proving 1800 kcals, at 1.6 calories/cc. how man cc/hr were given?
100
a pt with severe acute pancreatitis experiences nausea and vomiting and requires 2500 kcals/day. which of the following would you recommend?
1000cc of D50W, 1000cc of 7% a.a., 500cc of 10% lipids
a sandwich with two pieces of white bread and two ounces of turkey provides how many calories:
250 2 pieces of white bread = approx. 100 kcals/ea = 200 kcals 2 oz of turkey = approx. 25 kcal/oz = 50 kcals
which of the following forms of pudding would be purchased in an assembly/serve foodservice system a. frozen bulk b. instant c. canned d. individual portions
d. individual portions
which is an appetite suppresant?
dextroamphetamine
which is a common complication of AIDS?
diarrhea
a cholesterol level of 240mgs needs treatment first with
diet
Iron status is best monitored by:
dietary and lab studies
which of the following s included in a subjective global assessment?
dietary intake
a person with dumping syndrome cannot handle
disaccharides
After a gastrectomy, the diet order should indicate a decrease in:
disaccharides **gastrectomy - sx. removal of part/whole stomach
you discover an incorrect diet order entered in the patient's chart.
discuss the order with the physician and make suggestions
quickly stopping a 25% dextrose solution leads to:
hypoglycemia
Which is restriced in a diet for hepatic encephalopathy (loss of brain function that occurs when the liver is unable to remove toxins from the blood)?
protein, sodium, fluid
which of the following about nutrition screening in a hospital is true?
provides direction for pt care
which of the following may result in hypoalbuminemia (levels of albumin in blood serum are abnormally low)?
providing only a 5% dextrose in water solution after stress
which condition benefits from the use of indirect calorimetry
pt with 3rd degree burns
Example of a response by a counselor that indicates reflection
"You said,"You want to lose weight?'"
what are the similarities between WIC and food stamps? 1. regulated by the USDA 2. have income criteria 3. have at risk criteria 4. a health exam is required
- regulated by USDA - have income criteria
a pt with a GFR of 20 ml/mil should receive how many grams of pro/kg?
0.6
if a patient's GFR is <50ml/mins, what should their protein intake be in g/kg?
0.8 The 5 stages of kidney disease are: Stage 1—GFR is more than 90 mL/minute, with persistent protein in the urine Stage 2—GFR is 60-89 mL/minute, with persistent protein in the urine (mild disease) Stage 3—GFR is 30-59 mL/minute (moderate disease) Stage 4—GFR is 15-29 (severe disease) Stage 5—GFR is less than 15 or individual is on dialysis (kidney failure) Protein guidelines are as follows: Stages 1 - 3 0.8 gram g/kg/bw/day, 60% high biological value (HBV) if GFR is > 55 mL/minute Stages 4 -5 0.6 g/kg body weight/day, 60% HBV if GFR is 25-55 mL/minute Stage 4 (hemodialysis) ≥1.2 g/kg body weight (50% high biological value) Stage 5 (peritoneal dialysis) ≥1.2-1.5 g/kg body weight (50% high biological value)
What exhibits a definite positive correlation?
0.8-1
how much protein should a patient with nephrosis receive?
0.8-1.0 g/kg
what is a guide for calculating water needs with tube feedings?
1 cc water/ 1.0 calories
which of the following would be appropriate for a hemodialysis pt on a 60g pro diet, with 75% HBV protein?
1 egg, 3 oz hcicken, 2 c milk, 5 slices bread
Which of the following provides 60g CHO
1 english muffin, 1 c skim milk, 1/2 c apple juice
How much fluid is lost through insensible losses?
1 liter
a diabetic wants to exhange his bedtime snack of 8 oz whole milk. What do you suggest?
1 oz cheese and 1/2 c OJ
which contains more total dietary fiber:
1 oz raisin bran cereal (when compared to 1/2 c raw spinach, 1 slice whole wheat bread, 2 T PB)
a patient receives 4 oz whole milk and 6 graham crackers as a snack. which would lower the glycemic index?
1 tbsp PB instead of 3 graham crackers
If a man normally consuming 2600 calories per day reduces his intake to 1500 calories per day, how much weight will he lose in one week? a. 0.5 kg b. 1 kg c. 1.5 kg d. 2 kg
1.0 KG or 2.2 lbs 2600 kcals - 1500 kcals = 1100 kcals x 7 days/wk = 7700 kcals/week ÷ 3500 = 2.2 lbs ÷ 2.2 kg/lb = 1 KG
which of the following is the appropriate diet for peritoneal dialysis
1.5g pro, 30 kcals/KG
How much free water is in 1.5 liters of an enteral feeding that has 1.5 calories per cc
1155 cc **remember the following: 1 kcal/mL usually has 82-85% water. 1.2 kcal/mL usually has 76-78% water. 1.5 kcal/mL usually has 77% water. 2 kcal/mL usually has 70% water. for a 1.5 kcal/mL (cc) formula, there is 77% water; 1500 mL x .77 = 1155 mL (cc) the more concentrated the formula the less water
How many calories are provided in 1.5 L of D25W?
1275 1.5 L x 1000 mL/L = 1500 mL x .25 x 3.4 = 1275
how many calories are in 1.5L of a 25% dextrose solution? a. 850 b. 1275 c. 1000 d. 1500
1275 calories 1. convert 1.5 L to mL 1.5 L x 1000 mL/L = 1500 mL 2. multiply 25% dextrose solution & 3.4 kcal/g dextrose 1500 mL x .25 x 3.4 kcal/g = 1275 kcal
How many cups does a #10 can hold?
13
a 7 yo on a ketogenic diet requires 1500 kcals. what is appropriate?
145g fat, 25g pro, 25 g CHO
Amount of sodium in normal saline
154 mEq sodium/L
a PN regimen that contains 1 L of D50W a 1L of 7% Aminosyn provides how many non-pro kcals?
1700
a 60 KG female receives 2700 kcals on PN. The calorie to nitrogen ratio is 150:1. How many grams of nitrogen is she getting? a. 14 b. 16 c. 18 d. 20
18 in this question, the pt weight is irrelevant 2700 kcals ÷ 150 nitrogen/kcal = 18 grams N
A foodservice operation's Net Profit is $41,137, Cost of Goods Sold is $145,350, Average Inventory Value is $7,330, and Total Meals Served Per Day is 200. What is the inventory turnover rate? [MGT:354] a. 3.53 b. 5.61 c. 19.83 d. 36.65
19.83 (145350/7330)
an athlete needs 4000 kcals, the cornflakes nutrient label says that one serving provies 25% of the RDA for CHO. how many servings of cornflakes does he need to get his 25%?
2
mr. jones has heart failure but no CAD or increased CHD risk. His nutrition prescription should be?
2 g sodium
According to the Diabetic exhange, 2T PB is:
2 high fat meats **nutritionally speaking, PB is more similar to meat as it is high in protein, fat, and cholesterol
a 1500 calorie diabetic diet with 45% of the calories from CHOs is prescribed. 1/3 of CHO grams is met with 1/2 cup OJ, 1 cup milk and: a. 1 slice toast b. 2 slices toast c. 2 slices toast and 1/2 c oatmeal d. 1/2 slice toast
2 slices toast 1500 kcal x .45 = 675 calories ÷ 1/3 = 225 kcals ÷ 4 g/kcal CHO = 56.25 g CHO 1/2 cup juice = 15 g CHO 8 oz milk = 12 g CHO 2 slices toast = 30 g CHO Total CHO grams = about 57 g CHO
What number of productive FTEs do you need for two 7-day-per-week positions, working 6:30 am to 3:00 pm? [MGT:388] a. 1.4 b. 2 c. 2.8 d. 2.975
2.8 (40+16 = 56/40 = 1.4x2 = 2.8) shift is an 8 hours shift if you subtract a 30min lunch break
How many seconds should employees wash their hands for?
20 seconds
in the dietary guidelines, what represents the fat included?
20-35% calories, <10% saturated fat
a standing height should first be obtained when an infanct is how many months old?
24
closed enteral systems can hang for: a. 12 hours b. 24 - 48 hours c. 12 - 24 hours d. unlimited because the container is closed
24 - 48 hours
Open tube feedigs should be disposed of after:
24 hours
An AIDS patient's temperature has risen to 102 degrees. His BMR has increased:
24%
in which of the following would you likely see very low albumin if it is drawn a few days after admission to an acute care facility?
30% full thickness burns
how much water does an athlete need if they have lost 2#s during a marathon?
32 oz
two liters of a 5% dextrose solution provide how many calories?
340 2 L - convert to mL = 2000 mL x .05% dextrose x 3.4 kcals/g = 340 kcals
how man ynon-protein calories are provided by 2 L of a 7% Aminosyn solution and 1 L of 10% dextrose in water?
340 only counting the 1 L of 10% dextrose in water: 1000 mL x .1 x 3.4 = 340 kcals Aminosyn is all amino acids so it only provides protein calories and therefore doesn't count.
according to the ADA exchange lists, what is the nutrient content of the following: I cup cantaloupe, 1/2 cup cereal, 1 cup 1% milk, 1 tsp. margarine, 1tsp. low sugar jelly, black coffee, 1 slice toast
365 kcals, 12 g PRO, 57 CHO, 7 g FAT However, recalculated according to ADA exchange list, here is the breakdown: 1 cup cantaloupe = 2 fruit serving; 30 g CHO; 120 kcals - however, this seems to be calculated incorrectly in the answer; it seems to only account for 1 serving - according to the ADA exchange list, 1/2 cup for fresh fruit = 1 serving 1/2 cup cereal = 1 serving; 15 g CHO; 3 g PRO; trace amt of FAT; 80 kcals 1 cup 1% milk = 1 serving; 12 g CHO; 8 g PRO; 2 g FAT; 100 calories 1 tsp margarine = 1 serving; 5 g FAT; 45 kcals 1 tsp low sugar jelly + black coffee = FREE FAT; < 20 calories (not counted in total calories) - according to ADA, 1 serving of low sugar jelly = 2 tsp 1 slice toast = 1 serving; 15 g CHO; 3 g PRO; trace amt FAT, 80 kcals Total calories according to answer = 57 g CHO (I calculated 72 g taking into account addt'l 15 g from fruit), 12 g PRO (I calculated 14 g; 3 from cereal + toast, 8 from milk), 7 g FAT, 365 kcals (I calculated 425 w/ 60 addt'l kcal from fruit) **This question is ridiculous considering how many components are in the question
a newly dx DM needs 2200 kcals, 50% from cho. how many cho choices can he have at each meal if he has 3 snacks with 2 cho choices each?
4
if a diabetic patient reduces his calorie intake from 2300 to 1800 kcals/day, how much will he lose in one month?
4 #s 500 kcals x 7 days/week x 4 weeks/month = 14,000 kcals ÷ 3500 kcals/lb = 4 lbs
according to the diabetic exange lists, which of the following is equivalent to 1 medium fat meat?
4 oz tofu
the normal range for hemoglobin A1C is:
4-6%
you have determined that an infant should take 340 kcals/24hrs. How many oz of milk should be given every 6 hrs?
4.5 oz
How many mEq of sodium are there in 1 g of sodium?
43
infants shoul dbe given solid foods at
5-8 months
which level of HgA1c suggests good compliance with dietary recommendation sin a diabetic after 3 months of counseling?
6.5 mg/dl
Children and adolescents need what level of physical acitivity?
60 minutes/day
using the above formula, determine the kcals coming from lipids per day.
624 kcals 200 ml x 2.0 = 400 kcal lipids This provides 400 kcal lipids for 1560 ml: 1560 ml x 400 kcal lipids = 1000x x = 624 kcal lipids
What reading level is appropriate written materials for a population with low literacy levels?
6th grade 8th grade for all others
Formula for producing the active form of vitamin D
7-dehydrocholesterol converting into cholecalciferol
which drink would a mormon choose?
7-up (no caffeine)
a 140# female on dialysis should have how many grams of protein?
70-89 (1.1 - 1.4 g/kg)
Glycerol, amino acids, and free fatty acids will all have what effect on the hypothalamus gland?
A decrease in satiety
What happens to ice crystals if you replace the half and half with whipping cream in ice cream?
A decrease in the size of the crystals because there is more fat
Pernicious anemia is likely to occur following what?
A gastrectomy B12 and folate need the intrinsic factor secreted by the stomach
Synergistics
A group of people working together to solve a problem
What would the results of a glucose tolerance test be plotted on?
A line graph
Nutrition Rx for a pt with cardiac cachexia includes: A. <1 L fluid, low sodium B. low sodium, low sat fat, low cholesterol, high kcal C. restricted kcal, 0.8g pro/kg, fluid restriction D. normal protein, follow DASH diet
B. low sodium, low sat fat, low cholesterol, high kcal*
What food should you avoid if you are on a low phosphorus diet?
Beef
What is iron absorption enhanced by?
Besides vitamin C, acidic chyme in the duodenum
which of the following should be included in the diet for celiac disease? 1.decrease intake of eggs 2. use potato and rice flour 3. IM vitamin b12 and fe 4. low kcal, high fat, high protein A. 2 3 B. 3 4 C. 1 2 4 D. 2 3
A. 2 3 *
how many calories are in 300ml of a 5% dextrose solution A. 51 B.60 C. 15 D.200
A. 51* 51; 300 x 0.05 = 15 x 3.4 = 51 calories
a female, 5'7" tall, 115#s. Six months ago she was 130#s. What is her % IBW? A. 85% B. 83% C. 81% D. 87%
A. 85%* 85%; IBW = 100 + 7(5) = 135# ------> 115# CBW ÷ 135# IBW = 85%
Glucocorticoids
Adrenal hormones that convert protein into glucose Reduce inflammation. Can cause hyperglycemia and steroid-induced diabetes mellitus
a patient is on a high protein, low cho diet. what advice should you offer? A. increase fluid intake B. decrease the intake of complex carb C. decrease fluid intake D. decrease intake of saturated fats
A. increase fluid intake*
which is the least common symptom in the elderly? A. osteomalacia B. osteoporosis C. obesity D. hypertension
A. osteomalacia*
which of the following diets is appropriate for reactive hypoglycemia: A. reduce intake of concentrated carbs, 5-6 small meals B. increased complex carb, low fat, high pro C. decreased complex carb, low fat D. high pro, high fat, high carb
A. reduce intake of concentrated carbs, 5-6 small meals Dumping syndrome is the rapid emptying of undigested food into the jejunum. Dumping may occur in patients following gastric bypass surgery when simple sugars are consumed. Early dumping is a result of a rapid emptying of food into the jejunum. The patient may experience vasomotor symptoms, such as flushing and tachycardia, as well as abdominal pain and diarrhea. Late dumping is a form of reactive hypoglycemia that typically occurs 1 to 3 hours after a meal is consumed. This is the result of a brisk spike of insulin in response to hyperglycemia due to the rapid absorption of simple sugars from the proximal small intestine. Patients may also experience dizziness, fatigue, weakness and sweating.
a single 19 year old female is 6 months pregnant. she has not gained any weight and has not seen a physician. Hgb is 9, Hematocrit is 30. what is the most important recommendation for her. A.see a physician immediately B. apply for WIC immediately C. join a teenage pregnancy support group D. begin taking fe supplements
A.see a physician immediately*
Ferrous
Absorbable form of food iron, reduced from ferric in the stomach
Which of the following is a current asset? [MGT:346] a. Accounts receivable b. China c. Small equipment d. Retained earnings
Accounts receivable
What does the oxidation of fatty acids form?
Acetyl-CoA
A food is bacteria-safe if it is what?
Acidic and dry
Why would broccoli in a vegetable mixture turn olive green during holding?
Addition of lemon juice
What is the learning domain if a client says "I want to change my eating habits" and you ask why?
Affective
four pts are admitted to your svc. who would you address first?
pt with gastric distress (others: recent MI, cancer, appendectomy)
A focus group contributes what data?
Attitudinal
a patient with Crohn's disease needs the following diet: 1. high fat, high kcal, high pro 2. low fat only with steatorrhea, vit C, B12 3. kcals according to BMI, high pro 4. high residue, low fat, fat soluble vit 5. low kcal, low residue, fat soluble vit, B12 A. 1 B. 2 3 C. 3 4 D. 5
B. 2 3 Nutrient deficiency is a common concern since inflammation from this condition interferes with nutrient absorption. As a result, people with Crohn's disease need a nutrient-rich diet with adequate calories, protein and healthy fats.
how many grams of protein would you receive on a 1500 kcal diet with 20% protein? A. 70 B. 75 C. 64 D. 300
B. 75*
a vegan is allergic to milk. which nutrients would you expect might she be deficient in? A. protein, calories B. B12, D C. vit C, calcium D. A and D
B. B12, D
a child is lethargic, irritable with diarrhea. the cause may be: A. zinc toxicity B. lead poisoning C. iron overload D. vit A toxicity
B. lead poisoning*
What is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?
Biotin, pantothenic acid, vitamin K
Which cooking method would best convert collagen to gelatin in a bottom round roast?
Braising Requires liquid
Glycogenolysis
Breakdown of glycogen releasing glucose
which of the following should the patient above have for lunch? A. 4 oz cottage cheese B. 1 oz cheddar cheese C. 1 oz roast beef D. 1 oz cold cuts
C. 1 oz roast beef*
who is most at risk for gestational diabetes A. BMI <30 B. age < 25 C. BMI > 30, hx of GDM, D. conception within 10 mos of last pregnancy
C. BMI > 30, hx of GDM*
Which of the following collection of words represents marketing? [MGT:358] a. Emphasis on product, sales-volume-oriented, needs of seller b. Customer wants, profit-oriented, future growth c. Sales-volume-oriented, customer wants, planning for today d. Profit-oriented, future growth, needs of seller
Customer wants, profit-oriented, future growth
The Schilling test detects defects in the absorption of what?
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
to calculate the estimated caloric needs of a pt who is significantly underweight, the RD should:
pt's actual body wt
an alcoholic patient has a low serum albumin, low hemoglobin, high ammonia, abnormal liver function tests and ascites. why is he on a 500mg sodium diet? A. secondary renal failure B. hypoaldosteronism C. hypoalbuminemia D. hyperammonemia
C. hypoalbuminemia*
a RD should consider a client's absorption of which of the following nutrients during peritoneal dialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy before modifying his diet?
CHOs
Flour with the most starch
Cake flour
Which pigment does not change color in an acid or alkaline solution?
Carotene
Glycolysis
Catabolism of CHO Deals with glucose only
The mean is the measure of what?
Central tendency Average
Which statement best describes the "F" component of the FADE performance improvement model? [MGT:311] a. Choose a specific problem or process to improve b. Review data to better understand the current process c. Create a plan d. Complete a pilot study
Choose a specific problem or process to improve (Focus - define a process to be improved, Analyze - Collect and analyze data to establish baselines, identify root causes and point toward possible solutions, Develop - Based on the data, develop action plans for improvement, including implementation, communication, and measuring/monitoring, Execute/Evaluate - Implement the action plans, on a pilot basis as indicated, and Install an ongoing measuring/monitoring (process control) system to ensure success.)
Which of the following elements is NOT part of The Institute of Medicine's (IOM) framework for health care quality? [MGT:300] a. Patient-centered b. Equitable c. Timely d. Choose the process to improve
Choose the process to improve
Which minerals are involved in CHO metabolism?
Chromium and zinc
Fat enters the body as ______ and leaves the liver as _______.
Chylomicrons, lipoproteins
Bacteria that is slow onset and is anaerobic
Clostridium botulinum
Food was held at 70 degrees F for a long time in anaerobic conditions. 8 hours after eating it, you become ill. What is the culprit?
Clostridium perfringens
What is the learning domain if following counseling, a client is able to plan a low sodium diet?
Cognitive
A 75 yo female with adequate income would benefit from:
Congregate Meals
Which method of bread making is not as dependent on the length of time the dough sits to rise?
Continuous method
What does CCK cause?
Contraction of the gallbladder
Excess amounts of zinc may lead to what deficiency?
Copper
Which mineral is absorbed through the intestine and transported with ceruloplasmin in the blood?
Copper Copper deficiency = Wilson's Disease
What must be fortified with folic acid?
Corn meal
what is included in the study of demographics? 1. age 2. population 3. sex 4. socioeconomic status A. 1 only B. all of the above C. 2 and 3 D. 1, 2, and 3
D. 1, 2, and 3*
which infant is at the greatest risk? A. 20 # hgb 10 B. 22 # hgb 10.5 C. 19# hgb 11 D. 30 # hgb 9
D. 30 # hgb 9*
which of the infants have a normal hemoglobin level? A. a b d B. b d C. c d D. a b c
D. a b c *
in community surveys, a frequent symptom of malnutrition is: A. scurvy B. rickets C. low serum albumin D. low hgb
D. low hgb*
athletes should receive A. salt pills only during the summer months B. extra protein C. carbohydrate loading two weeks prior to an event D. water during an event to replace fluids
D. water during an event to replace fluids*
which of the following self-assessment tools would be given to clients prior to screening at a congregate meal site
DETERMINE checklist
What is the last step of the alanine cycle?
Deaminate to release glucose
In what does pyridoxine act as a coenzyme?
Deamination and transamination
What is the result of an amylase deficiency?
Decreased glycolysis Amylase digests CHO
What might result in metabolic acidosis?
Decreased retention of bicarbonate
What usually occurs when iso-caloric amounts of omega-3 fatty acids are substituted for saturated fatty acids?
Decreased triglycerides, little change in total cholesterol
During a snow storm, the assistant cook (AC) can't get to work. The person working in the "floater" position is unable to take over all AC responsibilities but is somewhat confident and is willing to assist the head cook in preparing items on the daily production schedule. To be most effective, what would be the manager's approach? [MGT:331] a. Provide specific instructions (i.e., do this) to the willing employee and closely supervise performance. b. Define roles and tasks for the willing employee, provide opportunity for role clarification and questions, and give support. c. Listen to the willing employee, share ideas, facilitate in decision making, encourage, and praise. d. Turn over responsibility for decisions and implementation to the willing employee and head cook. Provide occasional recognition.
Define roles and tasks for the willing employee, provide opportunity for role clarification and questions, and give support.
A serum sodium level of 150 mEqL indicates what?
Dehydration/hypernatremia/increased levels of aldosterone
Which market segmentation variable consists of characteristics such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, income, education, and occupation? [MGT:360] a. Geographic b. Demographic c. Psychographic d. Sociographic
Demographic
Which statement best describes the "P" component of the PDSA performance improvement model? [MGT:302] a. Determine how changes will be implemented b. Implement the intervention c. Determine the impact of the intervention d. Implement and monitor the plan
Determine how changes will be implemented
When using the plan-do-study-act (PDSA) process, which of the following occurs during the plan phase? [MGT:301] a. Determine how to collect data b. Train staff on new process c. Evaluate the effectiveness of the project d. Reduce wait time for appointments
Determine how to collect data
Which statement best describes the "S" component of the PDSA performance improvement model? [MGT:304] a. Determine how changes will be implemented b. Implement the intervention c. Determine the impact of the intervention d. Maintain and continue improvement
Determine the impact of the intervention
Which statement best describes the "O" component of the FOCUS-PDSA performance improvement model? [MGT:307] a. Identify a process to improve b. Develop a team c. Explain the current process d. Recognize sources of variation
Develop a team (Find a process to improve, Organize an effort to work on improvement, Clarify currant knowledge of the process, Understand process variation and capability, Select a strategy for continued improvement)
What is Vitamin A involved in?
Development of tissue and skin
Example of nominal data
Differentiate between men and women
What is the process by which the water content of a vegetable is replaced by a concentrated salt solution?
Diffusion
What should you do with chicken that has been thawed in warm water?
Discard it
Xerophythalmia
Dry eyes
a family receiving food stamps often runs out of food by the middle of the month. obtain an emergency food voucher for them and refer them to:
EFNEP
where can a pregnant teen learn to cook?
EFNEP (Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program)
a poor, healthy 19 yo mother is unsure how to feed her 4 yo child. Which program may offer her the most help?
EFNEP - Expanded Food & Nutrition Education Program EFNEP offers hands-on interactive workshops to help participants improve food and physical activity behaviors, food resource management, food safety, and food security. Programs serve income eligible parents, caregivers and expecting mothers, as well as children and teens. Family_Cooking_Together2Adult participants learn how to make food choices to improve the nutritional quality of the meals they serve their families. Through an experiential learning process, they increase their ability to select and buy food; gain skills in food preparation storage and sanitation; and learn to better manage their food budgets and related resources.
What word best describes doing things correctly or getting the most output from the least amount of input? [MGT:318] a. Efficient b. Effective c. Economical d. Expedient
Efficient
What gives the structure to quick breads?
Egg and flour
Why are children's diets found to be low in iron?
Emphasis on milk Calcium levels decrease iron
NADPH
Essential in the synthesis of fatty acids
What is the first step after reviewing a patient's medical record?
Establish a climate of trust
Which of the following has the least amount of saturated fat? 2% milk Half and half Non-dairy creamer Evaporated skim milk
Evaporated skim milk
A cake with a fallen center may be the result of what?
Excess sugar and excess fat
What type of study design can best determine the effect of promotional techniques on cafeteria sales?
Experimental
Which "leadership powers" tend to be related to subordinate satisfaction and performance? [MGT:328] a. Expert, referent b.Legitimate, expert c.Referent, reward d. Reward, legitimate
Expert, referent
Which statement best describes the "F" component of the FOCUS-PDSA performance improvement model? [MGT:306] a. Identify a process to improve b. Develop a team c. Explain the current process d. Maintain and continue improvement
Explain the current process
Why does fat produce more calories than CHO?
Fat has more carbon and hydrogen in relation to oxygen
What combines with CoA in two carbon fragments to make acetyl CoA to then enter the Kreb's cycle to make energy?
Fatty acids
What is the best lab value to use in assessing iron status?
Ferritin (it stores iron) Not Hgb or Hct
which would you recommend for a pt with mild dysphagia?
pudding
CHO listed in order of decreasing sweetness
Fructose Sucrose Glucose Sorbitol
A group of rats being fed gelatin as the sole protein source are not growing well. What is the likely reason?
Gelatin has no tryptophan and is low in methionine and lysine
What does the brain use for energy in the fed state?
Glucose
Lactic acid is produced by what?
Glycolysis
Example of a high potassium snack
Grilled cheese and tomato sandwich, strawberries
Characteristic of evaporated milk
Has slightly more than half of the water removed
Which of the following situations reduces a manager's span of control? [MGT:324] a. Managing less complicated work b. Having a greater dispersion of workers c. Receiving expert advice from colleagues/superiors d. Using clear and comprehensive policies
Having a greater dispersion of workers
What is useful for evaluating long term nutrition in a community assessment program?
Height for age
What would a "rich formula" muffin indicate?
High proportions of sugar and shortening
Which statement best describes the "C" component of the FOCUS-PDSA performance improvement model? [MGT:308] a. Identify a process to improve b. Develop a team c. Explain the current process d. Recognize sources of variation
Identify a process to improve
Which statement best describes the "D" component of the PDSA performance improvement model? [MGT:303] a. Determine how changes will be implemented b. Implement the intervention c. Determine the impact of the intervention d. Maintain and continue improvement
Implement the intervention
How should cabbage be cooked?
In a large quantity of water
Where should aseptically packaged milk be stored?
In dry storage
Where should beef bottom round be cooked?
In water for an extended time
Which set of financial management terms has the correct relationship? [MGT:344] a. Income statement, profit and loss, dynamic statement b. Balance sheet, profit and loss, static statement c. Income statement, statement of financial condition, static statement d. Balance sheet, statement of financial condition, dynamic statement
Income statement, profit and loss, dynamic statement
Decreased levels of serotinin are associated with what?
Increase in CHO appetite
How do the kidneys respond to respiratory acidosis?
Increasing the retention of bicarbonate
What type of budget uses the existing budget as a base and projects changes for the ensuing year in relation to the current budget? [MGT:356] a. Fixed b. Incremental c. Flexible d. Sustained
Incremental
The Joint Commission outlines patient safety goals annually. Which of the following is NOT a patient safety goal in an outpatient setting? [MGT:299] a. Reconcile medication list b. Identify patients correctly c. Prevent infections d. Individual competence
Individual competence
How would you preserve thiamin in pork?
Insert a meat thermometer and cook it to 160 degrees at 325 degrees F
What would inhibit gluconeogenesis?
Insulin
What characteristic is KEY to an efficient and effective system? [MGT:315] a. Continuous response and adaptation to the system b. Flow of resources c. Interdependency of parts d. Achievement of subunit objectives
Interdependency of parts
How do you begin an interview with a patient?
Introduce yourself and make them feel comfortable
Which ratio is designed to examine how effectively an organization is utilizing its assets [MGT:352] a. Assets to liabilities b. Debt to equity c. Inventory turnover d. Break-even point
Inventory turnover
An appropriate purpose of analytical research is to what?
Investigate
A dietitian is working with a client to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The client is knowledgeable about a hyperlipidemia diet, is able to devise healthful meal plans, but has moderate readiness in being independent in nutrition care. To be most effective, what would be the dietitian's approach? [MGT:332] a. Continue to provide dietary instructions to the client and closely monitor compliance. b. Help the client gain confidence through listening, advising, and coaching. c. Listen to the client. Encourage and support the skills the client has developed. d. Turn over responsibility for nutrition care to the client.
Listen to the client. Encourage and support the skills the client has developed.
What medication is affected by serum sodium levels?
Lithium Those who use lithium should receive regular serum level tests and should monitor thyroid and kidney function for abnormalities, as it interferes with the regulation of sodium and water levels in the body, and can cause dehydration in high levels. The dehydration is due to lithium inhibition of the action of anti-diuretic hormone, which normally enables the kidney to reabsorb water from urine. This causes an inability to concentrate urine, leading to consequent loss of body water and thirst
What conversion requires glucose-6-phosphatase?
Liver glycogen into glucose
Where is bile produced and stored?
Liver, gallbladder
Patients with early signs of dry eyes (xerophtalmia) should consume what?
Liver, milk, eggs
Which statement best describes the "A" component of the PDSA performance improvement model? [MGT:305] a. Determine how changes will be implemented b. Implement the intervention c. Determine the impact of the intervention d. Maintain and continue improvement
Maintain and continue improvement
Where is clostridium perfringens often found?
Meat and gravied mixtures in large quantities
In a foodservice operation, which of the following is the most critical point of control? [MGT:391] a. Menu b. Overtime c. Quality d. Spoilage
Menu
what is the most effective tool for providing nutrition education to the community?
My pyramid
the program that provides nutrition education training to teachers and food service personnel is the: a. TEFAP b. CACFP c. EFNEP d. NETP
NETP
Which survey is repeated every few years?
NHANES
Dry heat cookery should be used for which cut of meat?
Near the backbone
A patient's nitrogen balance showed he consumed 10 g of protein and released 6 g of nitrogen in his urine. This is what?
Negative nitrogen balance
Nyctalopia
Night blindness Can be reversed with Vitamin A
Which pasta contains egg?
Noodles
Congreate meals and home delivered meals fall under:
Older Americans Act, Title III
What would cause long tunnels from top to bottom in muffins?
Over-mixing the batter
What term is used to indicate the monetary value of a property or business beyond any amounts owed? [MGT:349] a. Total assets b. Owner's equity c. Long-term liabilities d. Gross profit
Owner's equity
Energy expenditure of humans can be measured by what?
Oxygen consumption
which patient has marasmus? PATIENT A: Male; serum albumin: 3.5, transferrin: 275, tricep skinfold: 3, MAMC: 15, TLC: - PATIENT B: Female; serum albumin: 2.6, transferrin: 125, tricep skinfold: 16.8, MAMC: 24.1, TLC: 1000 PATIENT C: Male; serum albumin: 4, transferrin: 450, tricep skinfold: 17, MAMC: 28.1, TLC: 3500
PATIENT A: Male; low triceps skinfold, 3 and low MAMC, 15 (mid-arm ms circumference) Marasmus = emaciated = ms wasting
Margarine has fatty acids in which order of predominance?
PUFA, MUFA, SAT
high doses of which vitamin will interfere with Levodopa (parkinson's disease)?
pyridoxine
Trypsin and chymotrypsin
Pancreatic enzymes that provide proteolytic acid
Levodpa is used in the treatment of:
Parkinson's disease
Which has the lowest cholesterol content? Peanutbutter and crackers Yogurt with fruit Chocolate cake Roast beef sandwich
Peanut butter and crackers Because cholesterol is only found in animal and dairy products
Enzymes involved in protein digestion
Pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase
____________ should be up to date and reinforced with strong supervision. [MGT:386] a. Personnel policies b. Employee evaluations c. Schedules d. Employee morale
Personnel policies
Example of an irreversible reaction
Pyruvic acid into acetyl CoA
When developing educational plans, when do you plan the evaluation criteria?
Plan evaluation criteria at each step of the process
How would you prevent frozen gravy from separating when thawed?
Prepare it with modified starch
Example of formative evaluation
Pretest quiz
In the Nutrition Care Process, the Nutrition Diagnoses should be _____during Nutrition Intervention. [MGT:395] a. Prioritized b. Promulgated c. Investigated d. linked
Prioritized
What name is given to the chronological sequence of activities to carry out organizational behavior? [MGT:322] a. Policy b. Procedure c. Method d. Rule
Procedure
Yogurt manufacturers have branched out into Greek yogurt, high-fiber yogurt, parfait yogurt, bacteria-enhanced yogurt, and more because they believe customers prefer yogurt products. By doing so, which marking concept are these manufactures applying? [MGT:357] a. Product b. Selling c. Manufacturing d. Societal
Product
What elements comprise the marketing mix? [MGT:384] a. Product, price, promotion, and place b. Price, product, popularity, and process c. Product, promotion, position, and popularity d. Product, place, position, and process
Product, price, promotion, and place
What ratio measures the ability of an organization to generate excess income in relation to sales? [MGT:355] a. Profitability b. Solvency c. Liquidity d. Activity
Profitability
Iatrogenic malnutrition is: a. vitamin and mineral malabsorption b. protein malabsorption c. protein, calorie malnutrition d. kwashiorkor
Protein, calorie malnutrition iatrogenic malnutrition ― "brought forth by the healer"; iatrogenesis thus describes any medical condition, disease or adverse event resulting from medical treatment iatrogenic malnutrition = malnutrition d/t various medications or complications to medical treatment or procedure. It may be caused by negligence among medical personnel including doctors, nurses, therapists, or caregivers who are attending to a particular patient
PBI
Protein-bound iodine Measures level of thyroxine being produced
When you measure functional and manipulative skills, which domain of learning are you analyzing?
Psychomotor
The average contribution margin (CM) per item on a menu is $6.74 and the menu mix (MM) percentage that is considered to be high is 12. A menu item has a CM of $6.93 and a MM percentage of 11. What menu engineering term would be used to describe this menu item? [MGT:362] a. Plowhorse b. Star c. Dog d. Puzzle
Puzzle (puzzle=high CM, low MM, dog=low CM low MM, star=high CM, high MM, plowhorse=low CM, high MM)
What needs to be increased if protein intake is doubled?
Pyridoxine
The end product of aerobic glycolysis is what?
Pyruvic acid Anaerobic end product is lactic acid
Parathyroid hormone
Regulates calcium levels
Results of a three day food record were obtained in June and again three months later. What is this called?
Reliability
Systems thinking is the management approach to considering the entire organization when making decisions or allocating resources. Which is an example of systems thinking? [MGT:392] a. Select a produce vendor who could deliver high-quality produce twice daily. b. Reschedule kitchen staff to prepare more foods from scratch to meet customer expectations. c. Develop a catering menu for department meetings to generate revenue for equipment purchases. d. Select cleaning chemicals that do not harm the environment.
Reschedule kitchen staff to prepare more foods from scratch to meet customer expectations.
Purpose of TVP in a frozen meal
Retain water and add protein
A patient with metabolic alkalosis would have what?
Retention of base by the kidneys Not excretion
Pie crust is moist the day after cooking. Why?
Retrogradation of filling
What needs to be increased in a high protein diet?
Riboflavin and water
What vitamins are involved in the metabolism of CHO?
Riboflavin, thiamin, and niacin
Illness due to Bacillus cereus is due to contaminated what?
Rice products and starchy foods
Butter has fatty acids in which order of predominance?
SAT, MUFA, PUFA
hemodialysis requires supplementation of:
pyridoxine, folic acid, D3
What might cause EKG abnormalities?
Serum potassium
After reviewing the results of menu engineering, what is the best way to manage a plowhorse? [MGT:363] a. Remove the item from the menu. b. Decrease the menu item's selling price. c. Serve smaller portions of the menu item. d. Give the item top priority on the menu.
Serve smaller portions of the menu item.
An employee finds job tasks to be too demanding. To enhance the employee's performance, which of the following solutions should a manager consider first? [MGT:325] a. Provide assistance, equipment, and raw materials as deemed appropriate b. Simplify tasks, lessen the work load, and reduce time pressures c. Provide guidance concerning expected goals and standards d. Redesign the job to match the employee's needs
Simplify tasks, lessen the work load, and reduce time pressures
What is the best way to cook a roast?
Slowly, in the oven, at 325 degrees
Where is lactase produced?
Small intestine
Where is lactose absorbed?
Small intestine
Which is absorbed more slowly, sorbitol or glucose?
Sorbitol
What data is needed to convert weight into volume?
Specific gravity
Four hours after you eat you develop nausea, diarrhea, but no fever. What might be the cause?
Staph aureus
Inferential statistics
Statistics that let you draw probable conclusions beyond your immediate universe of data Associated with probability
In the systems model, transformation is dependent on the requirements of the functional subsystems. Which resource would be most important for the distribution and service subsystem of a school cafeteria? [MGT:374] a. Steam table b. Storeroom c. School nutrition staff d. Vendor delivery schedule
Steam table
Where does protein digestion begin?
Stomach
Example of food that should be washed just before serving
Strawberries and mushrooms
A storeroom staffed with a full-time employee would be considered a(n) ___________ of a university residence hall foodservice. [MGT:373] a. Input b. Subsystem c. Interface d. technical core
Subsystem
What is fluid seeping from a congealed product called?
Syneresis
What causes the tartness in fruits and vegetables?
Tannins
French fries made from stored potatoes would have changes in what?
Taste, appearance, texture
Extinction
The absence of reinforcement following an undesirable behavior
SMOG Index
The formula that counts the number of syllables in text to calculate the reading level
a recipe requires 1 1/2 pints of cleaned, sliced strawberries. the yield for strawberries is 91%. one cup of clean, sliced strawberries weighs 7 ounces. at a minimum, how man pounds of strawberries need to be ordered a. 1 1/2 b. 1 c. 1 1/4 d. 2
a. 1 1/2 (2 cups in a pint so 14 oz = 1 pint/.91% yield = 15.3847 oz x 1.5 pints = 23.0771 oz/16 oz = 1.44 pounds)
Why do egg whites beat more easily at room temperature?
The surface tension is lower
What are you checking when you check overrun?
The weight of the ice cream
How do the kidneys help control pH?
They control the ratio of hydrogen ions to bicarbonate excretion
What is the advantage of using focus groups to collect data?
They help the researcher understand participants perspectives
If CHO intake increases, which vitamin needs to be increased?
Thiamin
What does an increase in plasma pyruvate level indicate?
Thiamin deficiency Because the pyruvate is not getting converted and it requires thiamin
What hormone greatly influences BMR?
Thyroxine
What is the purpose of an emulsifier in margarine?
To keep water and fat from separating
What is the main function of glycolysis?
To provide pyruvate for the TCA cycle
What happens if linoleic acid replaces saturated fat in the diet?
Total cholesterol including HDL decreases
Which amino acid is a precursor for serotinin?
Tryptophan
Which of these cannot be produced by the body? Alanine Glycine Tyrosine Tryptophan
Tryptophan
Which amino acids must be present in a parenteral solution?
Tryptophan, phenylalanine, threonine, isoleucine
What does the flakiness of pie crust depend on?
Type of fat
Phenylalanine is a precursor for what?
Tyrosine
Example of a grade for fresh prouce
US No. 1
which government agency would you contact regarding food distribution? a. USDA b. FDA c. HHS d. FTC
USDA **when in doubt, choose USDA
What is the likely cause if a white sauce tastes starchy and grainy?
Uncooked flour
What name is given to standard methods of accounting and presentation of financial statements that provide comparability of financial data within an industry? [MGT:342] a. Balance sheet b. Common-size statements c. Uniform systems of accounts d. Cost accounting
Uniform systems of accounts
You are the foodservice RD and would like to make lower fat brownies. What is the best way to cut the fat? Use margarine instead of butter Cut out all the fat Cut out half the fat Use prune puree in place of half the fat
Use prune puree in place of half the fat
a pt with rough dry scaly skin and bitot's spots has signs of a deficiency in_________
Vitamin A
Besides vitamin K, what should you avoid on anticoagulants?
Vitamin E supplements above 400 IU/day
To learn about prenatal problems in the community, go to:
WIC
which program teaches good nutrition practices and provides food with certain nutrients?
WIC
the dietary intake component of NHANES is:
WWEIA
What is absorbed in the colon?
Water Salts Vitamin K Thiamin Riboflavin
What are the end products of cellular oxidation?
Water, carbon dioxide, energy
A patient who had an ileal resection is placed on a tuve feeding and begins to have diarrhea. This may be due to:
use of a hypertonic (greater concentration) formula
Example of a survey with negative correlation
When folic acid intake increases prior to pregnancy the incidence of neural tube defects declines One increases, the other decreases
Null hypothesis
When there is no statistical difference between study groups
Which of the following must be reduced to simpler components before it can be transported across epithelial cells of the intestine Dipeptides Whey Casein hydrolysate Crystalline amino acids
Whey
The amount of ceruloplasmin is affected by what disease?
Wilson's disease
The DTR receives information from the patients about food temperatures. The line cooks receive information from the RD about recipe modifications. The dishroom provides information for the health inspector. Are these interactions examples of feedback? [MGT:370] a. No, because feedback is only from the external environment. b. Yes, because feedback can be from the internal and external environments. c. It cannot be determined from the information given. d. No, because feedback flows from the bottom to the top of an organization.
Yes, because feedback can be from the internal and external environments.
how many quarts of batter are needed to make 144 muffins using a #12 scoop a. 12 b. 16 c. 22 d. 6
a 12 (32/12 x 144/32)
skinfold thickness measurements are best for assessing:
a 36 yo male athlete (compared to an infant with FTT, 54yoF with signif wt loss, and 82 yoM with DM)
who has the gretest water, protein and calorie needs per unit of body wt?
a 6 month old infant
a man with a peptic ulcer should consume:
a balanced diet he can tolerate
who is most at risk from protein calorie malnutrition?
a cancer patient on chemotherapy
an infant with milk hypersensitivity could safely consume:
a casein hydrolysate formula
trauma can place the patient in:
a hypermetabolic state
what is not a likely cause of failure to thrive in a child?
a vegetarian diet
Full-time employees generally work 236 days per year due to vacation and benefit days. Approximately how many employees are necessary for everyday coverage of full-time positions? [MGT:339] a) 1.55 b) 1.75 c) 0.75 d) 0.55
a) 1.55
the proper portion size of a dessert item is 1/3 cup. which scoop should you use a. #12 b. #8 c. #16 d. #10
a. #12 (8ounces=1 cup/3=2.667, 32/12=2.667)
processed chopped lettuce costs $0.69/lb. whole head lettuce costs $16.49/50lb case. if the head lettuce can be processed in two hours at $5.25/hour for labor, what is the relative value of processed and head lettuce if the yield is 75% a. $.69 processed; $.72 head lettuce b. $.69 processed; $.89 head lettuce c. $.72 processed; $.69 head lettuce d. $.72 processed; $.89 head lettuce
a. $.69 processed;$.72 head lettuce
using the following information, determine the selling price of the meal used to determine the break-even point fixed costs: $100, variable costs per meal: $5.00, break even point: 20 meals a. $10 b. $15 c. $5 d. $2.50
a. $10 ($5.00 variable cost x 20 meals + 100 fixed cost = 200/20(# of meals to BE)=10)
financial data for 1 month is shown. what is the net profit Cafeteria revenue $119984 patient meals revenue $146250 catering sales $1850 food costs $110234 labor costs $147446 other costs $10204 a. $200 b. $10404 c. $167850 d. $268084
a. $200
your nutrition department has 6.5 FTE dietitians at $20/hour. how much salary is that per week a. $5200 b. $3960 c. $4850 d. $6550
a. $5200 (6.5 FTE x 40hrs x $20)
what is the gross food cost for June using the following information June 1 inventory $5300 July 1 inventory $2700 Food purchases - month of June $3150 a. $5750 b. $3150 c. $4900 d. $600
a. $5750 (5300-2700 +3150)
store frozen fruits and vegetables at a. 0- -10F b. -10-0-20F c. <32F d. 0-10F
a. 0- -10F
find the cost per meal if you serve 120,000 meals, spend $46000 in food purchases and $1250 worth of food was removed from the inventory a. 0.39 b. 0.42 c. 0.37 d. 0.43
a. 0.39 (47250/120000=0.3938)
how many minutes are needed to sanitize dishes when washing by hand using chlorine a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
a. 1
you are planning the budget for next year. labor costs will increase by 10%. food costs will increase by 5%. operating costs will increase by 2%. this year, sales totaled $1000000. labor costs were 40% of income, food cost was 40% of income and operating costs were 20% of income. what is the projected budget a. 1064000 b. 1640000 c. 1840000 d. 1170000
a. 1064000
what would be the next number on this list with a moving average of 5 1400, 1200, 1300, 1250, 1350, 1400, 1425 a. 1345 b. 1275 c. 1434 d. 1405
a. 1345
A foodservice establishment requires thirteen 8-hour positions, four 4-hour positions, and one 3-hour position to meet daily demands. How many FTEs does the foodservice establishment maintain? [MGT:341] a. 15.38 b. 13 c. 10.38 d. 18
a. 15.38 (13x8 + 4x4 + 3x1 = 123/8 = 15.375)
if implementing a program costs $3 for each patient and the return is $6 per patient, the cost/benefit ratio is a. 1:2 b. 2:1 c. 1:1 d. 3:1
a. 1:2
how many 4 ounce servings can you get from 1 gallon of ice cream a. 32 b. 26 c. 22 d. 44
a. 32 (4 quarts in a gallon = 32x4=128ounces/4=32 servings)
a $240 income was generated selling 40 pieces of fish with a raw food cost of $2.00 each. what is the % food cost a. 33% b. 40% c. 20% d. 10%
a. 33% (2 x 40=80/240=33.34%)
what is the food cost percentage if the cost of food is $325 and the income is $865 a. 38% b. 36% c. 34% d. 32%
a. 38% (325/865=37.58%)
the cafeteria serves lunch from 11am -230pm with a seat turnover rate of 1.5/hour. they need to seat 250 customers. how many chairs do they need a. 48 b. 56 c. 72 d. 125
a. 48 (1.5 x 3.5 = 5.25; 250/5.25 = 47.61)
the minimum recommended temperature for a chemical sanitizer is a. 75F b. 140F c. 100F d. 170F
a. 75F
responsibility, recognition by management, and participation in decision making are all considered true motivators by a. Herzberg b. Taylor c. Maslow d. Likert
a. Herzberg (two-factor theory; motivation and maintenance approach; satisfiers are good dissatisfiers are negative - interfere with work and do not motivate; motivators are fair wage, insurance, retirement benefits, supervision, schedule, working conditions, relationships on job)
which of these work center designs discourages through traffic a. U-shaped b. back to back parallel c. straight line d. square
a. U-shaped
the line type of organizational chart shows a. a direct flow of authority from top to bottom b. authority flows from side to side c. all advisory positions d. informal relationships
a. a direct flow of authority from top to bottom
a scale drawing of an area showing the path of a worker during a process is a. a flow diagram b. a process chart c. an operations chart d. a cross chart
a. a flow diagram
quality assurance is a. a measurement of the quality of care provided to patients b. food service oriented c. control of the distribution and service of food d. control of the budget
a. a measurement of the quality of care provided to patients
a written record of items ordered, with quantities and specifications is a. a purchase requisition b. a standing order c. an invoice d. a receiving record
a. a purchase requisition
a food service director uses a 4 month moveable average to determine how many chicken breasts are needed for August given the number served in April, May, June and July. how would they forecast the need for September a. add august and delete April b. add august c. add august and delete july d. look at last year's September production tally
a. add august and delete april
which would be a sentinel event a. an NPO patient receiving a regular tray b. a low sodium patient receiving a regular tray c. a weight reduction patient receiving a regular tray d. a high potassium patient receiving a regular tray
a. an NPO patient receiving a regular tray
the family and medical leave act guarantees a. an equivalent position with equal benefits and pay status b. the same position you held before you left c. the first open position after you return d. a similar position in a different division
a. an equivalent position with equal benefits and pay status
when goods are received, the delivery slip included is a. an invoice b. a standing order c. the receiving record d. a purchase requisition
a. an invoice
formularies are descriptions of a. approved treatment regimens b. pharmacy drug specifications c. capital budget items d. semi-variable costs
a. approved treatment regimens
the final step in a union dispute is a. arbitration b. mediation c. injunction d. check-off
a. arbitration
what procedure is binding and cannot be changed a. arbitration b. medication c. an injunction d. collective bargaining
a. arbitration
which of the following is a hearing between labor and management during an impasse to aid in settling disputes a. arbitration b. mediation c. injunction d. collective bargaining
a. arbitration (hearing to dissolve a dispute during an impasse; decision is usually binding; final step in bargaining)
gastric irritants include: a. black pepper, chili powder, caffeine, alcohol, cocoa b. seeds, nuts, chili powder, black pepper, alcohol c. caffeine, black pepper, nuts, alcohol d. oj, black pepper, chili powder, alcohol
black pepper, chili powder, caffeine, alcohol, cocoa
a food delivery arrived during tray line service. what should the dietitian do a. ask the driver to wait b. ask the driver to verify the shipment and sign the invoice c. direct the available security guard to verify the shipment d. stop the trayline service and receive the delivery
a. ask the driver to wait
the dietitian finds that the ice cream freezer is not working and everything inside has melted. she decides to throw it all out and substitute another item for dessert. she is demonstrating what type of leadership a. autocratic b. bureaucratic c. democratic d. participatory
a. autocratic
which of the following foods are safe a. beefstew at 160 b. potato salad at 75 c. tuna casserole at 100 d. egg salad at 80
a. beef stew at 160
a job description a. can be used for employee appraisal b. studies and analyzes all aspects of the job c. lists what steps to do and how to do them d. lists time limits on all aspects of the job
a. can be used for employee appraisal
the kitchen layout below is characteristic of which foodservice system deck ovens/range/tilting skillet/refrigerator/freezer/preparation counter/bulk hot carts/bulk cold carts a. commissary b. conventional c. ready-prepared d. assembly-serve
a. commissary (key is the "bulk" since commissary kitchens prepare foods in bulk or individual portions)
cost effectiveness analysis is used to a. compare two or more alternatives to achieve the same objective b. evaluate direct, indirect benefits c. place a dollar amount on the outcome of the procedure d. calculate a profit margin
a. compare two or more alternatives to achieve the same objective
a strict Muslin would not eat a. congealed fruit salad b. egg salad c. tuna salad d. citrus fruit salad
a. congealed fruit salad
PERT is a tool that will help you a. control large projects and calculate the time needed to get the job done b. assign workers to various tasks c. determine productivity levels d. determine the average check
a. control large projects and calculate the time needed to get the job done
when preparing a budget, which management function is involved a. controlling b. organizing c. evaluating d. projecting
a. controlling (purpose of a budget is to give a manager a basis for control)
which oven is most energy efficient a. convection oven b. rotary oven c. deck oven d. microwave oven
a. convection oven
which system is not labor efficient a. conventional b. vending c. cafeteria d. assembly serve
a. conventional
what should be the final consideration in the make or buy decision of a product a. cost analysis b. labor requirements c. storage space available d. personal relationship with supplier
a. cost analysis
primary considerations in the purchase of foodservice equipment are a. cost and performance b. safety and versatility c. safety and performance d. cleanability and versatility
a. cost and performance
the primary reason for portion control in food service is a. cost control b. to standardize serving sizes c. customer satisfaction d. weight reduction diets
a. cost control
using the scientific approach to management, which of the following would result a. decreased labor minutes per meal b. decreased labor hours per week c. increased labor minutes per meal d. increased labor hours per week
a. decreased labor minutes per meal (work-centered; workers must work at fastest pace possible and at maximum efficiency; systematic approach to improving worker efficiency; find best way of performing tasks; focus on physical aspects of the job)
according to HACCP, which would be the recommendation when preparing spaghetti and sauce a. divide the prepared sauce into several small pans before chilling b. rinse spaghetti in cold water before mixing with sauce c. cook the meat thoroughly before mixing with sauce d. stir occasionally throughout the holding time
a. divide the prepared sauce into several small pans before chilling (HACCP - identify preventative approaches to quality control, identify potential dangers/food hazards, areas where a loss of control would result in an unacceptable safety risk)
how do you determine the average check in the cafeteria a. divide total sales by the number of customers b. divide entrée sales by the number of customers c. divide the number of customers by total sales d. divide the total sales by the cost of an average priced meal
a. divide total sales by the number of customers
a facility with a labor turnover rate of 50% also experiences numerous equipment malfunctions. both problems might be resolved through improved a. employee training b. repair standards c. equipment quality d. ergonomics
a. employee training
a dietitian who wishes to delegate work to a subordinate should first a. evaluate employee skills and task difficulty b. give the employee the authority to make decisions c. give the employee the information needed to complete the task d. ensure that the employee has the necessary materials and funds
a. evaluate employee skills and task difficulty
which item would appear in a capital budget a. food service equipment b. food costs c. labor costs d. laundry service
a. food service equipment (Capital budget includes plant facilities, equipment, cost of improvements and repairs, expansions, replacements)
which is an example of an indirect cost a. fringe benefits b. travel costs c. food d. china
a. fringe benefits (indirect costs: fixed and not affected by sales volume, required for business to exist even if produces nothing; rent, taxes, interest, insurance, depreciation etc.)
before adding new items to the menu a. give samples to a few patients and ask for their comments b. ask patients in writing if they would like the new items c. have your managers decide which ones to offer d. ask for employee comments on new suggestions
a. give samples to a few patients and ask for their comments
a PEG feeding would be useful in a patient with: a.head or neck cancer, who will not be able to eat normally for weeks b. SBS c. duodenal ulcers d. pancreatitis
a. head or neck cancer, who will not be able to eat normally for weeks **PEG = percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
creatine supplements may be beneficial for the:
body builder
you recently interviewed a top candidate for an administrative position, and are about to offer him the job. you then learn that he is planning on adopting a child. what should you do a. hire him b. confront him about the possibility c. do not hire him d. wait two weeks to see if he does adopt the child
a. hire him
a director from another department sends you an email regarding construction. this is an example of what kind of communication a. horizontal b. downward c. straight d. informal
a. horizontal
an employee evaluation should be given a. in a quiet place with privacy b. in the diet office c. at the end of the day d. at the beginning of the day
a. in a quiet place with privacy
freezing will a. inhibit bacterial growth b. destroy toxins c. destroy bacteria d. destroy enzymes
a. inhibit bacterial growth
if an employee is not performing well the first thing to do is to check the a. job description b. job specification c. job analysis d. work schedule
a. job description (reflects required skills and responsibilities; matches applicants to job, orientation and training, employee appraisal)
employees of a congregate feeding program serving an orthodox jewish community are not allowed to bring food items into the facility. this is related to jewish dietary laws that state a. kosher foods should not be allowed to mix with non kosher foods b. consumption of fruit and vegetables are restricted to the noon meal c. only unleavened bread or matzo products are allowed in a kosher kitchen d. no pork or shellfish are allowed in a kosher kitchen
a. kosher foods should not be allowed to mix with non kosher foods
which menu item generates the highest profit menu item/units sold/selling $/raw food $/prime cost lasagna 1500 $3.00 $1.35 $2.00 veg. chili 100 $1.25 $0.57 $1.00 hamburger 400 $2.00 $0.90 $1.50 enchilada 100 $3.00 $1.14 $1.75 a. lasagna b. vegetarian chili c. hamburger d. enchilada
a. lasagna (prime cost = raw food cost + labor cost)
a customer who has eaten lunch in the cafeteria becomes ill one hour after eating a chicken sandwich. what should the dietitian do first a. listen carefully, take the complaint seriously and conduct an investigation b. accept responsibility and offer a coupon for a complimentary meal c. report the complaint immediately to the risk management department d. ask where the person ate the night before and deny any responsibility
a. listen carefully, take the complaint seriously and conduct an investigation
a work schedule a. lists both tasks and time b. lists only tasks to be performed c. is used for employee appraisal d. studies all aspects of the job
a. lists both tasks and time
to implement an efficient staffing plan and adhere to budget constraints, the dietitian can ensure labor costs are controlled by a. master schedules b. job descriptions c. compensation changes d. cross training
a. master schedules
when meat is irradiated, the best flavor comes from a. meat that has been frozen b. fresh meat c. aged meat d. young meat
a. meat that has been frozen
where should a class B fire extinguisher be placed a. near the range b. near the dishmachine c. near the freezer d. near the refrigerator
a. near the range (used for flammable liquids, gases, greases; made of either foam, carbon dioxide and/or dry chemicals)
when trying to cut down on the number of employees on a tray assembly line, evaluate the a. number of work stations b. amount of idle time c. line speed d. capacity
a. number of work stations
a substitute is legally differentiated from another food by a. nutrient content b. calorie content c. fat content d. color
a. nutrient content
hospitals use formularies to a. obtain volume purchasing discounts b. limit the use of certain products c. develop process charts d. organize departments in a concentric pattern
a. obtain volume purchasing discounts (formularies: descriptions of approved products than an organization would like used; volume discounts can be obtained)
what method is used when you log in and out movement from the storeroom a. perpetual inventory b. mini-max inventory c. physical inventory d. stage three inventory
a. perpetual inventory
when a supervisor says to a subordinate, do it because I am asking you to; i'm the boss, they are using what type of power a. position b. referent c. personal d. incumbent
a. position
excess food soil in a dish machine wash tank will result in foam that interferes with satisfactory dishwashing. the most appropriate corrective action is to a. pre-rinse dishes before washing b. increase the amount of detergent c. increase water pressure in the wash tank d. drain the wash tank during meals and refill
a. pre-rinse dishes before washing
sugar and salt act as preservatives because they a. provide unfavorable osmotic pressure b. prevent microbial contact c. disguise flavors d. reduce the alkalinity
a. provide unfavorable osmotic pressure
the profitability of a coffee shop may be determined by calculating the ratio of profit to a. sales b. labor costs c. liabilities d. indirect costs
a. sales
a catered lunch is cancelled after the food has been prepared. what should you do a. sell the meals in the cafeteria at a break even price b. give meals to kitchen/cafeteria employees c. incorporate the items into the next meal service d. discard the items
a. sell the meals in the cafeteria at a break even price
which foods are most likely to cause an allergic reaction? a. shellfish peanuts wheat b. wheat chocolate rice c. citrus fruits milk corn d. chocolate milk corn
a. shellfish, peanuts, wheat **8 common food allergies = milk, eggs, tree nuts, peanuts, shellfish, fish, wheat, and soy
you have invested in new hardware and software that will reduce the labor hours needed to complete a task. what is the payback period hardware: $3500, software: $2400; staff instruction: $1000; labor hours saved: 6 per week at $20/hour a. 6 years b. 13 months c. 20 months d. one year
b. 13 months (3500+2400+1000=6900, 6x20=120 6900/120=57.5 weeks)
what is the lowest acceptable holding temperature while serving a. 120F b. 140F c. 160F d. 180F
b. 140F
chemically defined formulas or "elemental formulas" are used for: a.short bowel syndrome b. post chemotherapy treatment c. hypermetabolism d. galactosemia
a. short bowel syndrome Elemental/chemically defined formula: predigested protein (easier to digest), AA, glucose, sucrose, small fat, vit/min, electrolytes. High osmolality. The formula prevents the food from "reacting" with the gut, minimizing GI discomfort. The resulting positive nitrogen balance and alterations in the bacterial flora of the gut are likely to have beneficial effects in patients, helping to alleviate the symptoms of Crohn's SBS, or simply "short gut," is a malabsorption disorder caused by a lack of functional small intestine. The primary symptom is diarrhea, which can result in dehydration, malnutrition, and weight loss. Most cases are due to the surgical removal of a large portion of the small intestine = shortening of the bowel/intestines = SBS.
a hospital cafeteria that currently serves 500 meals at noon must increase service to 800 without adding food production staff. the best action would be a. simplify the menu b. redesign the kitchen c. rearrange employee work schedules d. replace current equipment with fast-performance equipment
a. simplify the menu
on your meal rounds you notice that elderly patients are not fed properly. what is the best solution a. speak with the director of nursing b. discuss it at a discharge planning meeting c. confer with the nurse's aide responsible d. assign your diet aide to help feed the patient
a. speak with the director of nursing
which of the following has the quickest onset of food borne illness a. staphylococcus aureus b. clostridium botulinum c. clostridium perfringens d. campylobacter jejuni
a. staphylococcus aureus
you have been promoted to a top management position. what adjustment in skills is needed a. technical skills decrease, conceptual skills increase b. conceptual skills decrease, technical and human skills increase c. technical skills increase, conceptual skills decrease d. technical skills decrease, conceptual and human skills increase
a. technical skills decrease, conceptual skills increase
what is a formal study to verify that documentation and processes have been followed a. the audit b. a quality assurance program c. a verification study d. statistical analysis
a. the audit
large volume purchasing, centralized production, service areas in separate facilities are features of a. the commissary system b. the ready-prepared system c. the assemble serve system d. the conventional system
a. the commissary system
which law sets the minimum wage a. the fair labor standards act b. the national labor relations act c. the equal opportunity act d. the labor management act
a. the fair labor standards act (also called minimum wage or wage hour law; sets minimum wage; donated time must be compensable; child labor laws; prohibits discrimination on basis of sex)
productivity is measured by a. the number of portions served per hour b. the number of employees working each day c. the number of food deliveries d. the inventory
a. the number of portions served per hour
a decision to feed patients in their rooms, rather than in the cafeteria is based on a. the philosophy of the institution b. the equipment in the kitchen c. the labor available d. federal regulations
a. the philosophy of the institution
if dishes are not cleaned properly in the dish machine, the first thing to check is a. the temperature of the various cycles b. the number of items being serviced in a short time c. the length of time between a meal and dishwashing d. the number of employees assigned to the process
a. the temperature of the various cycles (lower temperatures lead to greasy dishes, pre-rinse temp liquefies fat and removes food before hot water coagulates protein)
the best use of performance appraisals is a. to improve performance b. to motivate the employee c. to weed out the employees who perform poorly d. to reward those who do well
a. to improve perforamnce
the transfer of heat when cooking with an induction burner is the a. use of electrical magnetic fields to energize the metal cooking surface b. movement of heat through direct contact c. distribution of heat by movement of liquid or vapor d. generation of heat by wave action within an object
a. use of electrical magnetic fields to energize the metal cooking surface
costs which are proportionately responsive to changes in volume are a. variable b. sunk c. hidden d. fixed
a. variable
dishes are greasy when unloaded from the dish machine. what should you check first a. wash temperature b. rinse temperature c. amount of detergent d. amount of rinse agent
a. wash temperature
which set of conditions is most commonly seen in American children? a. obesity, dental caries, anemia b. hypertension, dental caries, rickets c. hyperkinesis, anemia, dental caries d. diabetes, obesity, anemia
a.obesity, dental caries, anemia
what is the most important advice to give a patient with a peptic ulcer?
abstain from spicy food
an obese person with T2DM should:
achieve DBW
what can be done to lower the respiratory quotient of a tube fed pulmonary patient
add a fat emulstion to replace some of the carbohydrate
a morbidly obese pt in ICU on a ventilator has end-stage renal disease, DM and sacral decubiti (ulcer). the primary concern for recommending a tube feeding formula and rate should be?
adequate calories
an acutely ill pt is receiving propofol and tube feedings. the RD should:
adjust the tube feeding to avoid overfeeding
based on the DRG's (diagnostic related groups), medicare reimbursement depends on:
age of pt and primary dx
chicken has a popularity index of 45%. there are 380 total patients, 85% of whom are eating. how many will choose chicken a. 202 b. 145 c. 196 d. 154
b. 145 (380x85%=323x45%=145.35)
the immobolized state can lead to low levels of:
albumin and calcium When someone is immobile, the cells that make bone (osteoblasts) are not able to work as well. In addition, there is more activity of the cells that breakdown bone (osteoclasts). Studies in people on bed rest have shown drastic bone loss. During bed rest there is an increased loss of calcium and phosphorus in the urine and often higher blood calcium levels. albumin losses involves: dysfunction of the endothelial barrier that protect the body from physical and chemical damage, infection, dehydration, and heat loss. this results in capillary leakage and loss of protein (albumin leaking our of capillaries), inflammatory cells and large volumes of fluid into the interstitial space - especially in critically ill patients
symptoms of nephrosis (kidney disease) include: a. dehydration, hypocholesterolemia b. albuminuria, hypercholesterolemia c. edema, hypocholesterolemia d. hypotension, hyperalbuminemia
albuminuria (albumin in urine), hypercholesterolemia/hyperlipidemia Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms that indicate kidney damage. 1. Albuminuria—large amounts of protein in the urine 2. hyperlipidemia—higher than normal fat and cholesterol levels in the blood 3. edema, or swelling, usually in the legs, feet, or ankles and less often in the hands or face 4. hypoalbuminia—low levels of albumin in the blood **When albumin leaks into the urine (albuminuria), the blood loses its capacity to absorb extra fluid from the body, causing edema. **Hyperlipidemia is related to the hypoproteinemia and low serum oncotic pressure of nephrotic syndrome = reactive hepatic protein synthesis, including of lipoproteins https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/nephrotic-syndrome-adults
Hypertension will decrease with a decrease in:
alcohol
which statement applies to nutritional screening
all health team members can participate according to policy.
If a patient has a biochemical block in the formation of urea, what will accumulate in his blood?
ammonia **ammonia cannot be broken down into urea
which is not a fiber in the diet? a. cellulose b. hemicellulose c. amylose d. pectin
amylose
the immune system reacts to foods that are normally harmless. this is:
an immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated reaction
the effectivenes of a group education program for decreasing the number of anemic pregnant women enrolled in a community nutriton program is best indicated by:
an increase in hematocrit or hemoglobin levels
When a starved patient begins to eat, they might expect:
an increased workload on the heart
lactic acid is a result of:
anaerobic glycolysis
what type of anemia is likely to be seen in a pt with arthritis?
anemia secondary to chronic disease
In reviewing the patient's medical record, you note a hemoglobin of 10 g/dl and an MCV of 110 cu mm. You should document
anemia with larger than normal erthrocytes
the drgu methylphenidate may have the adverse effect of:
anorexia, affecting growth
which bill requests govt funding?
appropriations
The management functions of planning, organizing, and staffing: [MGT:379] a. are linked directly to transformation of inputs to outputs. b. are used to coordinate subsystems to achieve objectives. c. are linking processes for communication and decision making. d. express how objectives are achieved.
are used to coordinate subsystems to achieve objectives.
for which disease would a low sodium diet be recommended?
ascites
a young girl who is HIV positive with Karposi's sarcoma tells you she would like to take vitamin C supplements. what should you tell her.
ask her to keep a food diary to see where she is lacking
the first function of the public health nutritionist is: a. assess the needs of the community b. counsel patients with special dietary needs c. write pamphlets for education purposes d. expand the role of the dietitian
assess the needs of the community
in the NCP, which step may also involve nursing staff participation?
assessment
how long should a new mother breast-feed?
at least 12 months
The stasis of pancreatic juice and bile could result in:
autodigestion, fat malabsorption, obstructive jaundice
the diet for stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth and lips) is:
avoid spices, very hot, very cold, sour, tart foods
what is the labor cost per meal total food purchased $32123 total cafeteria sales $23231 total labor expenses $25790 meal equivalent factor $2.15 total patient meals served 1923 a. $1.85 b. $2.03 c. $3.98 d. $4.36
b. $2.03 (23231/2.15 = 10805+ 1923=12728 25790/12728=2.0263)
how much will it cost to prepare these scrambled eggs amount to be made: 25 cost of eggs $.83 per dozen 2 ounces margarine at $2.29 per pound 2 cups milk at $2.50 per gallon a. $1.47 b. $2.35 c. $1.02 d. $1.79
b. $2.35 (0.83/12x25=1.73 + 2.29/16x2=.2863 + 2.50/16x2=.3125 = 2.3288)
the hospital budget for the first 6 months is set for an 80% occupancy rate. budget figures for this level are listed below. the second six months will have an occupancy rate of 60%. what would the food cost budget be for the second six months. food cost: $30000 labor cost: $25000 operating costs: $24000 a. $20000 b. $22500 c. $30000 d. 32000
b. $22500 (30000/.80=37500x60%=22500)
how many meals were served per labor minute if 34 FTE produced 3800 meals in one 40 hour week a. 2.79 b. 0.05 c. 1.12 d. 0.25
b. 0.05 (3800 meals/34 FTEx40hr/wkx60min = 0.0466)
according to the diabetic exchange list, when substituting 2% milk for skim milk you must omit how many fat exchanges? a. 1/2 b. 1 c. 1 1/2 d. 2
b. 1
you are preparing dinner for a 500 bed facility. the menu includes roast beef, mashed potatoes and carrots. which equipment is best suited for this task a. a convection oven and a tilting braising pan b. deck ovens and pressure steamers c. a microwave oven and a trunion kettle d. a rotary oven and a steamer
b. deck ovens and pressure steamers (deck ovens - stacked to save space, used when production is high and space is limited; pressure steamers - facilitate speedy batch cooking which allows for better quality, reduced holding time)
when switching from a conventional to a convection oven, a. increase the temperature by 15 degrees b. decrease the temperature by 25 degrees c. increase the temperature by 12 degrees d. decrease the temperature by 5 degrees
b. decrease the temperature by 25 degrees
which is a good method of food handling a. sanitize raw food before preparation b. defrost frozen food in the refrigerator c. refrigerate raw food at 48F d. thaw frozen food quickly under running hot water
b. defrost frozen food in the refrigerator
the purpose of outcomes research is to a. determine the best approach to solving a problem b. determine the most cost-effective way to solve a problem c. determine the most productive outcomes d. determine the best outcome desired
b. determine the most cost-effective way to solve a problem (evaluate the effectiveness(help achieve objectives) and efficiency(minimal use of resources to achieve objective) of an entire process; data collected/analyzed so performance can be adjusted/improved; findings compared with past performance, standards, benchmarks; goal is to improve quality of services offered)
beef stew has been unrefrigerated for 4 hours after preparation. what should you do a. reheat it to 140F and refrigerate it in a shallow pan b. discard the stew c. reheat it to 165F and refrigerate it d. refrigerate the stew in shallow pans
b. discard the stew
you are a supervising dietitian and are very satisfied with one of your diet aides who works very hard. one year after hiring her, you realize the information on her application wasn't true. what should you do a. say nothing and ignore it b. discuss it with her one on one in your office c. inform human resources about the situation d. fire her
b. discuss it one on one in your office
the most important critical control point to monitor in the preparation and service of canned cream soup is the temperature a. at delivery b. during steam table holding c. of storage d. during end-point cooking
b. during steam table holding
the human relations theory of management stresses a. tasks, structure, and authority b. employee's needs c. direct control by management d. management's needs
b. employee's needs
a food service manager who supervises 35 employees has a problem with discipline and increased absenteeism. why? a. decreased unity among managers b. excessive span of control c. decreased unity of control d. excessive unity of command
b. excessive span of control
in work simplification, which of the following tools is helpful a. labor turnover rate b. flow chart c. meals per labor minute d. meals per labor hour
b. flow chart
the food service supervisor should carefully monitor a cook-chill production because of concerns about a. work simplification techniques b. food safety c. portion control d. product acceptability
b. food safety
the additive influence of foods and constituents which when eaten have a beneficial effect on health refers to: a. nutraceuticals b. food synergy c. positive corollaries d. medical foods
b. food synergy
which of the following must be included when preparing a budget a. controlling expenses b. forecasting revenue c. controlling labor costs d. proper cash control
b. forecasting revenue
five pounds of pressure creates a temperature that is ____ the boiling point of water a. less than b. greater than c. equal to d. twice
b. greater than
propionate is used in foods to a. enhance flavor b. increase shelf life by inhibiting mold c. thicken d. retain color
b. increase shelf life by inhibiting mold
which method of buying includes contacting several vendors to obtain price quotes and placing orders a. prime vendor b. informal c. formal d. contract
b. informal
when a manager updates the director about activities occurring on the patient tray line, he is demonstrating which managerial role a. interpersonal b. informational c. technical d. decisional
b. informational
which of the following is an example of productivity management a. labor turnover rate b. labor minutes per day c. food cost percentage d. edible portion cost
b. labor minutes per day
following a Billroth II, statorrhea often results. what is the likely cause? a. bacterial overgrowth in the remaining loop b. lack of pancreatic solution due to less hormonal secretion c. a diet restricting of carbs d. rapid absorption of simple carbs
b. lack of pancreatic secretion due to less duodenal hormone secretion
which of the following is most important in determining the space required for a food production unit in a new facility a. number of hours the foodservice will be operating b. market form of foods purchased c. number of foodservice employees d. length of menu cycle
b. market form of foods purchased
a 50 bed hospital has limited kitchen space for refrigeration, dry storage and food production. the most appropriate type of menu is a. restaurant style b. nonselective c. selective d. single-use
b. nonselective
a dietitian who is developing policies and procedures for nourishment distribution and service should first a. evaluate the nourishment distribution schedule b. note how nourishments are being distributed and served c. assign the foodservice supervisor the task of gathering data d. review policies and procedure manuals from other facilities
b. note how nourishments are being distributed and served
which of the following kitchen layouts will help prevent other employees from walking through the cook's work area a. plan each work center with its own supply storage areas b. plan work aisles separate from traffic aisles c. position work centers adjacent to the appropriate point of service d. design aisles wide enough to accommodate both
b. plan work aisles separate from traffic aisles
management by objectives refers to a management process which employees a. periodic, preplanned, broad objectives b. precise, measurable objectives c. determination of goals by department superiors d. objectives of instruction set by top management
b. precise, measurable objectives (democratic management that provides control from within; establish performance goals with employees, gives higher incentive value, overall control achieved through self-control by employees, management stresses accomplishments and results; participative leadership)
which of the following would be used to analyze tray line accuracy a. Gantt chart b. process control chart c. cause and effect diagram d. break even analysis
b. process control chart
which of the following is least valuable in a specification a. grade and brand b. quality tolerance limits c. count per container or number per pound d. the unit on which price will be based
b. quality tolerance limits
a blast freezer and rethermalization are part of the a. commissary system b. ready-prepared system c. assemble serve system d. conventional system
b. ready-prepared system (cook-chill; cook-freeze; foods are prepared on site and then frozen or chilled for later use)
if you are working on a cost benefit analysis you would a. record the number of patient complaints b. record the number of hours the dietitian spent providing nutrition education. c. record the number of patients who were satisfied with the education provided d. keep a record of all who failed to attend
b. record the number of hours the dietitian spent providing nutrition education
what would you do if an employee does not wash pots as required a. fire her b. reeducate her as to proper procedures and provide follow-up c. take the job away from the employee d. discipline the employee
b. reeducate her as to proper procedures and provide follow-up
if there is an increase in input and output, productivity will a. increase b. remain constant c. decrease d. modulate
b. remain constant
if a union member repeatedly arrives late, you should a. fire him b. report him to management c. say nothing but make a note of it d. forget it
b. report him to management
what is the major reason for installing automated equipment a. easier to use b. rising labor costs c. easier to clean d. greater flexibility
b. rising labor costs
the organizational chart a. is an organized list of duties b. shows the employee how he fits into the organization c. organizes departmental activities d. is an evaluation tool for productivity
b. show the employee how he fits into the organization
quality standards for fruits assure you of a. wholesomeness b. specifications of minimum quality characteristics c. safety from pesticides and residues d. good taste
b. specifications of minimum quality characteristics
spaghetti sauce prepared on Monday is to be served on Wednesday. what should you recommend to the cook a. cool the sauce and store it in a deep pan b. store the sauce in shallow pans in the refrigerator c. store the sauce in a deep pan in the refrigerator quickly d. cool completely on the counter, then refrigerate
b. store the sauce in shallow pans in the refrigerator
the national sanitation foundation standard for equipment construction that is most related to microbiological food safety requires that a. outside corners are bull-nosed b. surfaces do not have open seams or cracks c. equipment surfaces are without sharp edges d. bolts are securely fastened
b. surfaces do not have open seams or cracks
you teach food service workers about pot washing temperatures. how do you know if the workers then follow the rules a. ask them to repeat the rules b. test the water temperatures at frequent intervals c. ask them to write down the guidelines d. check to see if the pots are clean
b. test the water temperatures at frequent intervals
what is not shown on an organizational chart a. relationships of positions to one another b. the degree of authority and informal relationships c. advisory responsibilities d. lines of communication
b. the degree of authority and informal relationships
if you worked overtime and did not get paid, which labor law would help your claim a. the equal opportunity act b. the fair labor standards act c. the equal pay act d. the civil rights act
b. the fair labor standards act
to find out about the new regulations developed by the FDA you would check a. the congressional record b. the federal register c. current newspapers d. the congressional index
b. the federal register
if the temperature on the dishmachine rinse cycle is 135F, you should a. add additional sanitizer b. use paper products until the problem has been resolved c. nothing - that is the proper temperature d. increase the length of the rinse cycle
b. use paper products until the problem has been resolved
according to Chinese beliefs, foods and herbs that may be used to treat illnesses are grouped as a. yin (bright, hot)/ yang (dark, cold) b. yin (dark, cold)/yang (bright, hot) c. action/maintenance d. harmful/beneficial
b. yin (dark, cold)/yang (bright hot) (Yin: raw, cold, fish, vegetables, fruits; Yang: bright, hot, hot soup from chicken; rice is neutral)
a pt on parenteral support develop ssepsis. what is the likely cause?
bacterial translocation
When counseling an anorexic, the best advice is to:
be flexible and help them choose reasonable goals
which would you recommend to a Mexican American on a low fat diet?
beans and rice
acidic chyme in the duodenum is neutralized by pancreatic:
bicarbonate (HCO3)
an appropriate source of folate for a female from central america is:
black beans
a pt on warfarin should avoid:
black cohosh
which correlates best with energy intake?
body weight
policies are a. predetermined goals of management b. statements that provide direction and motivate c. guides that define the scope of permissible activity d. specific tasks to be performed
c. guides that define the scope of permissible activity
what may be asked during an interview a. do you own or rent your home b. of what country are you a citizen c. have you worked at the company under a different name d. will you list all organizations, clubs and lodges to which you belong
c. have you worked at the company under a different name
if you are concerned that the receiver is not accurately checking incoming stock, you should a. begin purchasing by bid b. use a prime vendor c. implement blind receiving d. conduct random checks of food cases
c. implement blind receiving
the primary goal of outcomes research in a health care setting is to a. decrease healthcare costs b. increase cost-effectiveness c. improve the quality of services offered d. give the facility a competitive advantage
c. improve the quality of services offered (The intent of this research is to identify shortfalls in practice and to develop strategies to improve care)
a talented catering employee is always requested by customers, but the employee is frequently absent. the manager should a. give the employee multiple warnings b. ignore the employee's absences c. initiate progressive disciplinary procedures d. require a physicians statement after each absence
c. initiate progressive disciplinary procedures
a flexible monthly budget would be recommended for a hospital which a. expects no change in expenses or revenue b. expects to be at 90% occupancy c. is planning to close some of its wings for renovation for three months d. has less than 100 employees
c. is planning to close some of its wings for renovation for three months
a patient with hepatitis needs a high protein intake. besides helping the liver to regenerate, what other purpose is served? a. it helps increase fe absorption b. restores glycogen reserves c. helps prevent a fatty liver d. helps prevent cirrhosis of the liver
c. it helps prevent a fatty liver *protein is needed in large amounts for cell regeneration, and to provide lipotropic agents to convert fat into lipoproteins for removal of the fat/cholesterol from liver (prevents a fatty liver)
which of the following best describes a cash flow budget a. it outlines the assets b. it outlines expenditures and assets c. it is an estimate of income and expenditures over time d. it compares assets to liabilities
c. it is an estimate of income and expenditures over time (cash budget: projects revenues and expenses, showing inflow and output of cash; purpose is to determine if funds will be available when needed)
all of the following are operational costs except a. utilities b. cleaning c. labor cost d. laundry service
c. labor cost (labor is a semi-variable cost that has both a fixed and variable component; a portion remains fixed regardless of changes in sales volume)
meat cured with whey won't be tolerated by someone with 1. lactose intolerance 2. diabetes 3. post-gastrectomy of 3 months 4. duodenectomy a. 1 2 3 b. 2 3 4 c. 1 d. 1 3 4
c. lactose intolerance
a job breakdown a. can be used for employee appraisal b. studies and analyzes all aspects of the job c. lists what steps to and how to do them d. lists time limits on all aspects of the job
c. lists what steps to do and how to do them
a foodservice is being converted from a conventional system to a ready-prepared system. the dietitian should first consider the adequacy of the a. steam table space b. dry storage space c. low-temperature storage capacity d. oven capacity
c. low-temperature storage capacity
what is the best way to prevent contamination of food a. freeze it b. freeze it in sterile packages c. make employees wash hands frequently d. wash countertops regularly with sanitizing agents
c. make employees wash hands frequently
what should you do if you believe theft is occurring in the storeroom a. install a video camera b. lock the storeroom c. make everyone sign in and out of the storeroom d. limit access to certain hours of the day
c. make everyone sign in and out of the storeroom
a press conference announcing your new business is a. advertising b. networking c. media promotion d. personal selling
c. media promotion
what is not found in a standardized recipe a. seasonings to be included in the recipe b. time and temperature of cooking c. mixing bowls, measuring spoons d. amounts of ingredients to include
c. mixing bowls, measuring spoons
what type of leadership style is shown with a circular organizational chart a. democratic b. autocratic c. participative d. bureaucratic
c. participative
one of the most important strategies a dietitian may use to evaluate quality patient care is to a. determine criteria for consultations b. monitor treatment for a nutrition problem c. periodically assess the outcomes of nutrition therapy d. assign individuals responsibility for monitoring activities
c. periodically assess the outcomes of nutrition therapy
which term relates to scientific management a. psychological b. intellectual c. physical d. sociological
c. physical
management's basic function is a. controlling b. directing c. planning d. evaluating
c. planning
the major function of management is a. forecasting b. actuating c. planning d. organizing
c. planning
a tactic that increases the sale of services through publicity is known as a. pricing b. targeting c. promotion d. segmentation
c. promotion
you are asked to develop quality control guidelines for receiving purchased foods. the most important guidelines would be a. proper counts of the foods received b. proper weights of the foods received c. proper temperatures of the foods received d. accurate prices on the invoices
c. proper temperatures of the foods received
what nutrients most affect the renal solute load? a. protein and carb b. na and carb c. protein and na d. na and fat
c. protein and sodium
A patient on a clear liquid diet should not be served:
vegetable stock
which of the following would reduce direct expenses in a foodservice a. increase selling prices b. reduce rent c. reduce food costs d. increase part time labor
c. reduce food costs (direct, variable, flexible costs: vary directly with changes in sales/revenue; directly involved in service to customer; china, silver, food, uniforms, laundry, repairs, benefits)
OSHA requires documentation on the use of the following a. latex gloves b. respiratory masks c. safety goggles d. hairnets
c. safety goggles
what is the most important reason for a microwave oven in food service a. saves energy b. saves money c. saves time d. saves cleanup
c. saves time
an employee consistently calls in sick the day before a holiday. his supervisor should a. discuss this with other managers b. telephone the employee to verify the illness c. schedule a counseling session with him d. file a letter of concern with the employee relations department
c. schedule a counseling session with him
how do you convince administration that a former nutrition program should be reinstated a. show that 95% of patients enjoyed the program b. show that 85% of those who attended came to all sessions c. show that 75% of those who attended had fewer hospital stays d. show that only 10% felt the program was not worthwhile
c. show that 75% of those who attended had fewer hospital stays
the hospital foodservice department has developed several high quality, sugar free desserts that are identified as unique to the department. this product represents what type of branding a. manufacturer b. retail item c. signature d. specific
c. signature
psychographic marketing includes the following categories a. age, gender, race, education b. urban, suburban, cultural values c. social class, lifestyle, motive behind purchases d. income, education
c. social class, lifestyle, motive behind purchases (Psychographic divides the market into groups based on social class, lifestyle and personality characteristics. It is based on the assumption that the types of products and brands an individual purchases will reflect that persons characteristics and patterns of living)
which of the following extinguishers is best to use on a grease fire a. triangle symbol b. circle symbol c. square symbol d. inverted triangle symbol
c. square symbol (square (B) = flammable liquids, gases, greases; triangle (A) = ordinary combustible materials, wood, paper, cloth; circle (C) = live electrical fires)
the cleanliness of on-line steam is not an issue when purchasing a a. convection steamer b. combination oven c. steam jacketed kettle d. compartment steamer
c. steam jacketed kettle
a pan of au gratin potatoes has been cooked to an endpoint temperature of 140F. serving is scheduled to begin in 10 minutes. you should a. delay service until the potatoes are done b. begin service without the potatoes and deliver them when done c. substitute mashed potatoes until the au gratin are done d. complete the cooking process in the hot holding unit
c. substitute mashed potatoes until the au gratin are done
what can an employer do regarding an employee who wishes to join the union a. prevent him from going to the union b. talk to him against the union c. tell him about union dues d. tell him he may lose his job if he goes
c. tell him about union dues
if a female is hired and does not receive the same pay as a male in the same position, she can seek help from a. the equal opportunity act b. the fair labor standards act c. the equal pay act d. the fair wage act
c. the equal pay act
which would be the best tool for rating foods in a pediatric hospital a. the triangle test b. paired comparison test c. the facial hedonic scale d. the paired preference test
c. the facial hedonic scale
a hospital administrator would be most concerned with a. the increase in the number of elderly admissions b. the increasing growth of outpatient services c. the increase in patient's length of stay d. the increase in diabetic admissions
c. the increase in patients length of stay
equipment purchases depend on a. the budget b. what the cook wants c. the menu d. the type of facility
c. the menu
which process results in creative, prioritized decision making a. a focus group b. the Delphi technique c. the nominal group technique d. operational analysis
c. the nominal group technique (more structured and controlled, has authoritative leader, controlled interactions, closely focused goals, rigid enforced procedures, silent generation of ideas by participants, round robin reporting, group RANKS items in priority order, vote for final decision)
which of the following is a paid employee who represents other union workers a. a mediator b. the department head c. the shop steward d. the bargaining agent
c. the shop steward
the dishwasher temperatures are as follows: pre-wash 140F, wash 150F, rinse 200F. you should a. turn up the rinse temperature b. turn down the pre-wash temperature c. turn down the rinse temperature d. do nothing, they are fine
c. turn down the rinse temperature (mechanical dishwasher: pre-wash 110-140F, wash 140-160F, rinse 170-180F)
you are conducting a nutrient analysis of a recipe that uses 10 lbs of 80/20 raw ground beef. to best ensure analysis accuracy a. use data for the proportioned cooked ground beef b. use data for the edible portion weight of the raw ground beef c. use data for the edible portion weight of the cooked ground beef d. cooking and draining the ground beef, weighing the fat, then reducing the quantity of beef in the recipe by this amount
c. use data for the edible portion weight of the cooked ground beef
to increase the number of patrons served in the cafeteria during the lunch meal a. increase the number of cafeteria employees b. add a second tray line c. use the scramble system d. add another cashier
c. use the scramble system
the efficiency of a foodservice employee is increased if the work center is designed to allow the employee to a. sit and reach b. stand and reach c. use two hands d. use zigzag motions
c. use two hands
which is the best way to maximize meat storage a. cut the meat into small pieces b. store it in oxygen in packages c. vacuum packaged in oxygen impermeable film d. pack it in oxygen permeable film
c. vacuum packaged in oxygen impermeable film
which provides the most vitamin a for a mexican?
cantaloupe and squash
research suggests that in order to guard against cancer you should ingest: a. carotene and vit c b. vit c and b12 c. protein and vit a d. vitamins e and k
carotene and vitamin C *antioxidants include vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids such as beta-carotene and vitamin A; (beta-carotene is converted to vitamin A), and many other phytochemicals (chemicals from plants).
a child with PKU can eat:
carrots and celerey sticks
which of the following tube feeding ingredients might precipitate an allergic reaction in a child with a milk allergy?
casein whey = watery part of milk that remains after the formation of curds casein = curd; the main protein present in milk and (in coagulated form) in cheese.
an infant formula for lactose intolerance might include:
casein hydrolystate, corn oil glucose or soy protein, corn syrup solids casein hydrolystate - tolerated d/t low amount of galactose = casein have been partially broken down by exposing the protein to heat, acid or enzymes that break apart the bonds linking amino acids.
catecholamines have what physiological effect:
cause sodium retention
what would you do to decrease fat intake for a Hispanic?
change beans from refried to boiled
a five month old baby has changed from the 65th to the 95th %ile weight for height. the RD should first:
check to see if weights have been plotted properly
when instructing a patient on diet therapy needed during intake of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, which would not be included?
cheddar and/or swiss cheese **MAOI's are chemicals which inhibit the activity of the monoamine oxidase enzyme family. They have a long history of use as medications prescribed for the treatment of depression = antidepressants
Which of the following may help decrease cavities?
cheese
which is the most approriate bedtime snack for a diabetic on NPY insulin?
cheese and crackers
which of the following would likely be a cuse of marasmus (protein-energy deficiency) ?
chemotherapy (kwashiorkor is protein deficiency)
an athlete complains of weakness, rapid weight gain and muscle spasm. what may be the cause?
cho loading
what diet is typoically recommended for a pt who has undergone a gastrectomy?
cho, pro, fat at each meal, and restrictions of fluids with meals
an infant's failure to thrive can be seen in:
comparison with growth charts
When using anthropometric measurements, the most important factor is:
competence of the practitioner and calibration
a child with CF has had a recent weight loss and several large foul smelling stools eachday over the past two months. to evalusate the situation. the first step should be to assess her:
compliance with PERT (Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy)
what would a vegan not eat?
congealed fruit salad
a pt who has cancer reports using herbs in addition to prescribed meds. the RD should:
consult with the healthcare team
a renal pt has come for dialysis on Monday am with a serum sodium of 130 meq/L, a BUN of 100mg/dl, creatinine 8.0, an a 4KG weight gain since his last dialysis on Friday am. his laboratory indicatiors were in acceptable ranges on Friday pm. what would you expect to happened over the weekend?
consumed too much sodium, too much water, too much protein
The main goal for a Type 2 obese diabetic with persistent hyperglycemia is:
control of serum glucose levels
Decreases in labor costs and overtime can be accomplished by: [MGT:389] a. decreasing part-time employees. b. controlling absenteeism. c. evaluating employees. d. all of the above.
controlling absenteeism.
which food is highest in fiber?
cooked dried beans
which is permitted on a diet which excludes gluten?
corn
an acid ash would be created by ingesting: a. corn, cranberries b. milk c. veggies d. fruits
corn, cranberries **acid-ash diet: a diet consisting largely of meat or fish, eggs, and cereals with a minimal quantity of milk, fruit, and vegetables, that when catabolized leaves an acid residue to be excreted in the urine **alkaline-ash diet: diet consisting mainly of f/v refer to pg 803 - Krause's
which will cause the most delay in gastric emptying?
corned beef (due to the fat)
which test measures somatic protein?
creatinine clearance, serum creatinine
Which set of directives best describes the management process? [MGT:321] a) Controlling, directing, transforming, planning, staffing b) Planning, staffing, establishing objectives, organizing, directing c) Planning, staffing, controlling, establishing objectives, transforming d) Directing, controlling, organizing, staffing, planning
d) Directing, controlling, organizing, staffing, planning
Quality in the foodservice system is [MGT:314] a) a program to eliminate defects. b) a radical redesign of business processes for dramatic improvement. c) a source of increasing costs. d) defined by the customer through his or her satisfaction.
d) defined by the customer through his or her satisfaction.
the raw food cost of an item is $1.12 per serving. what is the hidden cost a. $.10 b. $.07 c. $.13 d $.11
d. $.11 (hidden cost is often calculated at 10% of raw food cost)
using the factor method, determine the selling price using the data below raw food cost: $3.14; prepared food cost: $5.20; labor cost: $3.39; overhead cost: $1.12; factor: 3.37 a. $6.40 b. $7.84 c. $8.10 d. $10.58
d. $10.58 (raw food cost 3.14 x 3.37 factor = 10.58)
DRGs allow $1600 for an appendectomy with a 4 day stay. the patient is released in 3 days. the hospital will receive a. $1200 b. $800 c. $2000 d. $1600
d. $1600
you find out that next years budget will change by the following 10% increase in labor cost, 5% increase in food cost, 2% increase in overhead what will the total budget be if the following info is from the current year labor costs $100000; food cost $100000; overhead cost $40000 a. $156800 b. $234800 c. $267000 d. $255800
d. $255800
what is the labor turnover rate if 6 employees in a department of 55 were terminated and replaced a. 12% b. 10% c. 9% d. 11%
d. 11% (6/55=10.91%)
a #12 scoop, was used to serve 600 servings of mashed potatoes instead of a #16 scoop. how many servings were they short a. 90 b. 25 c. 210 d. 156
d. 156
how many FTEs can you hire with a weekly budget of $8640 if the salary is $12.00 per hour a. 10 b. 13 c. 16 d. 18
d. 18 (8640/12=720/40=18)
what is the inventory turnover rate net profit $41137 cost of goods sold $145350 average inventory value $7330 total meals served per day 200 a. 205.68 b. 726.75 c. 5.6 d. 19.83
d. 19.83 (inventory turnover rate = cost of sales (food cost)/average inventory cost)
a food service operates with a 35% food cost. if a menu item has a raw food cost of $1.25, and it takes an employee 45 minutes at $6.00 an hour to prepare, what is the traditional selling price a. 2.75 b. 3.25 c. 2.50 d. 3.58
d. 3.58 (100/35 = 2.857 (mark-up); 2.857 x 1.25 (raw food cost) = 3.57 (selling price) or 1.25/.35 = 3.5715
approximately how many patient trays per minute must a centralized tray assembly unit produce in order to serve 400 patients during 90 minutes a. 3 b. 3.5 c. 4 d. 4.5
d. 4.5 (400/90)
in dry storage, the humidity should be a. 20-30% b. 30-40% c. 40-50% d. 50-60%
d. 50-60%
the width of a main kitchen aisle should be a. 24" b. 36" c. 48" d. 60"
d. 60"
how many servings are there in 10 gallons of ice cream using a #16 scoop a. 320 b. 480 c. 560 d. 640
d. 640 (32/16 = 2oz per scoop, 10x128=1280 oz/2oz = 640)
how much hamburger will it take to make 300 three ounce patties with a 20% shrinkage a. 52lbs b. 68lbs c. 90lbs d. 70lbs
d. 70lbs (3oz x 300 servings = 900oz/16 = 56.25lbs/.80(yield) = 70.31lb)
the interstate shipping of shellfish is monitored by the a. DHHS b. USDA c. department of commerce d. FDA
d. FDA
what organization regulates the irradiation of foods a. DHHS b. USDA c. department of commerce marine fisheries service d. FDA
d. FDA
what function is served by glycerol monostearate a. add to the taste of the food b. acts as an emulsifier c. acts as an antioxidant d. acts as a humectant
d. acts as a humectant
employees complain the performance appraisal process is highly subjective and unfair. the manager should prepare objectives that a. meet the mission and goals of the department b. are developed with input from the employees c. emphasize the employee's best skills d. are clear and reasonable
d. are clear and reasonable
a diet aide was injured in a car accident and is still nto able to perform a majority of her duties after a period of recuperation. to comply with the americans with disabilities act, the manager should a. create a new position that the employee can perform b. transfer the employee to another department c. hire another employee to assist the diet aide d. ask the employee to provide written recommendations from their physician
d. ask the employee to provide written recommendations from their physician
an example of self-actualization is a. breathing unassisted b. companionship c. safety d. asking for additional training
d. asking for additional training (self-actualization - realizing your potential growth using creative talents; top of Maslow's hierarchy; desire for self-fulfillment)
which food service system is least likely to have microbial contamination a. conventional b. cook-chill c. cook-freeze d. assembly serve
d. assembly serve
you have developed a website to market a new business. which of the following components is a form of promotion a. online order form b. price and availability of products c. email address of the business d. graphics and text of products
d. graphics and text of products
the kitchen layout below is characteristic of which foodservice system refrigerator/freezer/steamers/ovens/microwave/meal assembly/delivery carts a. commissary b. conventional c. ready prepared d. assembly-serve
d. assembly-serve (finish by thawing and heating so only need fridge/freezer for storage and equipment for reheating and serving)
a food service worker confides in you that he has tested HIV positive. what should you do a. ask him to report to the health clinic b. instruct him to wear gloves on duty c. reassign him to another area of the kitchen d. assure him that confidentiality will be respected
d. assure him that confidentiality will be respected
which is the least time efficient way for a dietitian to evaluate a new piece of equipment for purchase a. read specifications provided by the manufacturer b. discuss it with other dietitians via telephone c. meet with the company representatives d. attend food service trade fairs
d. attend food service trade fairs
what gas is released from a fire a. helium b. hydrogen c. carbon dioxide d. carbon monoxide
d. carbon monoxide
the dietitian reviewed a monitoring sheet for a diary refrigerator at 9am on Wednesday. what should the initial action be Monday 530am 36F 600pm 40F Tuesday 530am 38F 600pm 44F Wednesday 530am 48F a. discard the products immediately b. review the temperatures with the maintenance department c. monitor the temperature every 4 hours d. check the temperature of the products
d. check the temperature of the products
the kitchen floor will be changed. what do you recommend a. asphalt tiles b. terrazzo c. concrete blocks d. clay tiles
d. clay tiles
a viscosimeter measures a. temperature b. pH c. stability d. consistency
d. consistency
a manager asks for input and advice from several employees on a situation. he then makes a decision which may or may not reflect the input provided by the employees. he is using what leadership decision making style a. democratic b. autocratic c. group d. consultative
d. consultative (asks for input but makes final decision alone)
if a food service reconstitutes frozen food that is made on site, what type of production system is it a. convenience b. conventional c. satellite d. cook-freeze
d. cook-freeze
which of the following dish machine temperatures should be adjusted pre rinse 121F Wash 145F Final rinse 205F a. increase the temperature of the pre rinse b. increase the temperature of the wash cycle c. decrease the temperature of the wash cycle d. decrease the temperature of the rinse cycle
d. decrease the temperature of the rinse cycle
the Y theory of management is a. authoritarian b. autocratic c. based on managing tasks d. democratic
d. democratic (Theory Y: work is as natural as play or rest; management should arrange conditions so workers can achieve goals by directing own efforts; positive, participative)
an employee becomes loud and disruptive and refuses to comply with the dietitians request concerning nourishment preparation. what should the dietitian do a. attempt to calm the employee while meeting nourishment preparation deadlines b. take the employee aside and determine whether insubordination can be established c. ignore the behavior d. designate a replacement and remove the employee from the area for further discussion
d. designate a replacement and remove the employee from the area for further discussion
OSHAs responsibilities do not include a. establishing minimum safety standards b. inspecting facilities c. examining records of occupational injuries d. developing a better safety program for a facility
d. developing a better safety program for a facility
when assessing nutritional status, which would be the most beneficial? a. 24 recall, hx of wt changes b. medical history, diet order, socioeconomic status c. clinical observation, wt status, cultural habits d. diet intake info, clinical data, lab data
d. diet intake info, clinical data, laboratory data
what is the chemical composition of a class ABC fire extinguisher a. water under pressure b. carbon dioxide under pressure c. carbon monoxide under pressure d. dry inert chemicals under pressure
d. dry inert chemicals under pressure (ABC extinguisher is a multi-purpose extinguisher using dry chemicals)
the Ouchi Theory Z management theory states that a. decision making is a centralized function b. committed employees can exercise self control c. employee potential is only partially utilized d. employee involvement is the key to productivity
d. employee involvement is the key to productivity
why should a manager not allow employees to wear long jewelry in the kitchen a. to prevent showing off to other workers b. sanitation considerations c. possible theft d. employee safety and sanitation
d. employee safety and sanitation
what can you do if your company denies you the right to organize and form a labor union a. nothing b. quickly form a union c. change jobs d. file a claim with the NLRB
d. file a claim with the NLRB
if you open sealed bids and place the order with the lowest bid, you are using which buying method a. informal b. open market c. future contracts d. formal, competitive bids
d. formal, competitive bids
bacillus cereus intoxication is most likely to occur following a. macaroni and cheese b. baked beans c. corn pudding d. fried rice
d. fried rice (found in cereal crops such as rice products, starchy foods, casseroles, sauces, puddings, soups, pastries; can be emetic or diarrheal; lasts up to 24hours and onset of 30-6hr (emetic) 6-15hr (diarrheal)
HACCP standards would be similar for which of the following foods a. canned corn and frozen corn b. fresh chicken and frozen chicken c. fresh beef and frozen chicken d. frozen beef and frozen corn
d. frozen beef and frozen corn (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point: identifies food hazards and critical control points in food service where loss of control would result in an unacceptable safety risk)
For which of the following diseases is diet therapy the primary treatment? a.peptic ulcer b. diabetes c. wilson's disease d. galactosemia
d. galactosemia
which piece of food service equipment may be restricted by a local law a. toaster b. steam jacketed kettle c. convection oven d. garbage disposal
d. garbage disposal
which of the following menu items generate the most revenue? Menu Item Selling price Raw food cost Units sold shrimp alfredo $12.95 $4.05 75 chicken marsala $11.50 $3.83 193 prime rib $14.95 $4.39 172 lemon halibut $13.50 $4.29 210 a. shrimp alfredo b. chicken marsala c. prime rib d. lemon halibut
d. lemon halibut
the organized gathering of data and information for the purpose of analyzing a service for clients is a. an experimental design b. a relationship analysis c. product development d. market research
d. market research
employees are consistently late returning from breaks. the dietitian should first a. have all employees clock in and out for breaks b. analyze activities to identify the best break times c. discipline tardy employees the next time they are late returning from breaks d. meet with all employees as a group and solicit recommendations for improvement
d. meet with all employees as a group and solicit recommendations for improvement
which would add bulk to frozen yogurt a. carrageenan b. carob gum c. monoglycerides d. microcrystalline cellulose
d. microcrystalline cellulose ( refined wood pulp and is used as a texturizer, an anti-caking agent, a fat substitute, an emulsifier, an extender, and a bulking agent in food production)
a home delivered meals program for the elderly chooses a nonselective menu primarily to a. control food volume b. encourage client participation c. minimize food drop off time d. minimize labor costs
d. minimize labor costs
a non-directed interview provides a. the same information on all applicants b. a structured set of questions c. the least amount of information d. more information than a directed interview
d. more information than a directed interview
theory Z is based on the following premise a. workers accept responsibility b. self-direction and control are emphasized c. task, structure and authority d. mutual worker-employer loyalty
d. mutual worker-employer loyalty (Ouchi - the value of the company is the people; everyone who will be affected by a decision is involved in making the decision; consensus decision-making)
what law guarantees workers the right to organize and join labor unions a. Taft Hartley b. equal employment act c. labor management relations act d. national labor relations act
d. national labor relations act
where should a hand washing sink be located a. near the door entering the kitchen b. near the dishroom c. near the cafeteria counter d. near the food preparation area
d. near the food preparation area
a narrow span of management should be employed with a. routine, repetitive, homogeneous work b. health care professionals who don't require close supervision c. well motivated, highly trained group d. newly hired employees
d. newly hired employees
meatloaf has been left out for 5 hours. should you serve it a. yes b. yes because bacteria was destroyed during the heating process c. no because of the risk of botulism d. no because of the risk of staphylococcus
d. no because of the risk of staphylococcus (grows best at 70-97F, not destroyed by cooking, found in reheated foods, meat products, milk products, stuffing, prepared salads; found in humans from nose, hands, intestines, cuts, sores)
which of the following best reflects protein status? a. serum albumin b. serum transferrin c. retinol-binding protein d. prealbumin
d. prealbumin Prealbumin or transthyretin, has a half-life in plasma of ∼2 days and is therefore more sensitive to changes in protein-energy status than albumin.
quality control is a. outcome or output oriented b. a measure of the quality of care provided c. patient care oriented d. proactive-focuses on the prevention of errors in food service
d. proactive-focuses on the prevention of errors in food service
to determine how profitable a department has been, determine the profit margin, which is a. ratio of income to revenue b. ratio of costs to income c. ratio of overhead to sales d. ratio of profit to sales
d. ratio of profit to sales
in making decisions, take the following steps a. gather data, choose solution, take action, follow-up b. determine workable solutions, choose one, take action c. choose solution, take action, follow-up d. recognize and analyze the problem, gather data, choose solution, take action, follow-up
d. recognize and analyze the problem, gather data, choose solution, take action, follow-up
which of the following strategies is most likely to increase revenue contribution margin low high Sales low pot roast beef tacos high barbecued ribs beef stew a. replace the beef tacos b. replace the beef stew c. offer pot roast more often d. replace the pot roast
d. replace the pot roast
the temperature of a beef casserole drops below 140 within an hour. what should you do a. throw it out b. return it to the hot-holding cabinet to reheat it to a temperature of 165 c. return it to the oven to reheat it to a minimum of 140 d. return it to the oven to reheat it to a minimum of 165
d. return it to the oven to reheat it to a minimum of 165
which of the following components is projected first during the budgeting process a. cash b. labor c. operating expenses d. revenue
d. revenue
after an outbreak of food borne illness in the cafeteria, you discover one of your employees has an infected cut on his finger. you should a. call the state public health office to investigate b. have the lab culture the kitchen c. fire the employee d. send the employee home until the cut has healed
d. send the employee home until the cut has healed
unions usually advance employees based on a. age b. skill c. merit d. seniority
d. seniority
an employee voted in by the union who works to settle grievances while on paid time is the a. mediator b. arbitrator c. conciliator d. shop steward
d. shop steward
the FDA is responsible for a. pesticide residue tolerance levels b. standard of fill, assuring meat wholesomeness, nutrition labels c. grading of meat d. standard of identity, nutrition labels, imitation foods
d. standard of identity, nutrition labels, imitation foods
which supplements should you give to a brest-fed babY?
vitamin D and fluoride
you called a meeting for 9am. three out of the five people arrived on time. what is the general guideline for starting meetings a. wait until all participants have arrived b. wait 10 minutes past the stated starting time c. wait until the most significant members have arrived d. start on time
d. start on time
which job would you not give to a consultant dietitian a. planning future goals b. writing policies and procedures c. providing staff in service d. supervision of dietary employees
d. supervision of dietary employees
a disgruntled employee is loud and disruptive and appears to be out control even after the dietitian has counseled him. what should the dietitian do a. send the employee to the break room to calm down b. return to the office to write a disciplinary report c. send the employee off the premises immediately and alert security d. take the employee into the office and discuss the consequences of his behavior
d. take the employee into the office and discuss the consequences of his behavior
in order to influence a legislator one day before a vote, the dietitian should a. visit the legislative aide b. write a letter to the legislator c. send a postcard to the legislator d. telephone the legislator
d. telephone the legislator
a useful application of counting FTEs is in planning a. the menu b. the type of service c. the kitchen layout d. the budget for wages
d. the budget for wages
why are open ended questions better during an interview a. they provide the same info on all applicants b. there is less personal bias c. they are less time-consuming d. they provide more info
d. they provide more info
gauge refers to a. ply b. finish c. polish d. thickness
d. thickness
the main reason for keeping an inventory is a. to plan next year's budget b. to prevent thievery c. to see how well you are following the budget d. to determine when and how much to reorder
d. to determine when and how much to reorder
two of the listed ingredients on a frozen food label are BHA and BHT. what is their function a. flavor enhancers b. emulsifiers c. to prevent enzymatic oxidation d. to prevent lipid oxidation
d. to prevent lipid oxidation
which of the following formulas is used to determine a meal equivalent in a commercial operation a. average of a prototype meal b. average dollars spent per patron over a one week period c. total sales divided by budgeted cost per meal d. total revenues for a specific period divided by the cost of a prototype meal
d. total revenues for a specific period divided by the cost of a prototype meal
which of the following is poor management a. one supervisor for one employee b. one supervisor for every two employees c. one supervisor for the entire department d. two supervisors for one employee
d. two supervisors for one employee
when does a breakeven point increase a. when sales decrease b. when profits decrease c. when profit increases d. when costs increase
d. when costs increase
a pt is attempting to lower blood pressure levels with dietary intervention. the RD should monitor his blood pressure and:
daily food intake and body wt
the primary focus of nutriiton care for a man with HTN and a BMI of 32 should be to
decrease body wt
An example of a "healthy People" goal is:
decrease in infant mortality
the appropriate diet therapy following a Billroth II (partial resection of the stomach with anastomosis to the jejunum) is:
decrease simple CHO, high protein, moderate fat, B12 supplements
a tube fed pt receiving bolus feedings develops a distended abdomen. what should you recommend?
decrease the infusion rate
looking at the above question, what else would you expect to see?
decreased bicarbonate, increased potassium, increased phosporus
what is a major reason for constipation in the elderly? a. a diet low in high residual foods b. a diet high in low residual foods c. decreased gastric motility d. lack of physical exercise
decreased gastric motility
prior to surgery a pt has a serum albumin level of 3.7mg/dL. postop the level is 3.1 mg/dl. you recognize that:
decreased serum albumin levels are normal after surgery
an older sister of a cihld who has dm requests the child's record so she may give it to their family dr. the RD should first:
determine who is the legal guardian
good advice for a patient with a hiatal hernia is to: a. increase intake of complex carbs b. lower the fat content of the diet c. dont eat before bed d. avoid coffee
don't eat before bed normally, the esophagus (food pipe) goes through the hiatus and attaches to the stomach. In a hiatal hernia (also called hiatus hernia) the stomach bulges up into the chest through that opening. it is usually caused by a weakness of the diaphragm muscle. sometimes, hiatal hernias may cause acid reflux or gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) = when stomach acid backs up into the esophagus.
which of the following would lower serum cholesterol levels?
dried beans
which of the following is not a sign of marasmus (severe malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency)?
edema (pt may exhibit: severe protein and calorie wasting, weight loss, low anthropometric measurements = ms wasting/emaciated appearance)
NHANES III increased the # of participants in what age group?
elderly
which of the following most affects osmolarity?
electrolytes
a patient has a rare urea disease where the body is unable to synthesize urea. what might result?
elevated ammonia levels Urea Cycle Disorders = the liver is missing an enzyme to change ammonia into urea
an elderly obese patient has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. which is an appropriate nutriiton Dx?
elevated serum TG
the best way to counsel a pt with anorexia nervosa is to:
emphasize the health benefits assocaited with weight gain and increased calorie intake
Which of the following is considered an output of a foodservice system? [MGT:377] a. Distribution and service. b. Policies and procedures c. Employee satisfaction d. Menu
employee satisfaction
the data that is most useful in evaluating children is:
energy intake and health history
a pt on lithium decreases his sodium intake to 2g/day. the effect will be?
enhanced activity of the drug
glucophage (Metformin) fxns by:
enhances insulin action
which of the following outcomes would best indicate parental support of a child's weight loss effort in a program for obese pre-teen children?
enroll child in physical activity programs
Having the same or similar outputs result from different inputs is called: [MGT:372] a. dynamic equilibrium. b. equifinality. c. Synergy d. interdependency
equifinality (is the principle that in open systems a given end state can be reached by many potential means)
if a child is at the 95th%ile weight for height and after one month drops to the 10th%, what does is likely signify?
error in measurement
you are estimating the prevalence of inadquate intake levels within a group of adults. which of the following dietary reference intake guidelines should be used?
estimated avg requirement
the best way for you to follow-up on a pt's application of diet instruction provided is to:
evaluate his food diary for one week
a clinical RD has successfully met an indicator for 6 months. the next step would be to:
evaluate the need to continue moinotring the indicator
what is the best practical way to measure energy balance?
evaluate wt gain/loss
an athlete weighs more than the average person of his height. what should you do first?
examine other anthropometric measurements
A side effect of antidepressants is:
excess weight gain
what is the best therapy for weight loss?
exercise, diet, behavior modification
An example of upward communication in an organization is a(n): [MGT:334] a.exit interview b. newsletter c. pay insert d. policy manual
exit interview
if an IDDM tells you she eats meals on an irregular schedule, you should:
explain that insulin therapy is related to intake
a pt comes to you with a diet that you know is not good to follow. what should you do?
explain why it isn't good.
Searching for external trends and information that may impact the foodservice system is called a(n) [MGT:380] a. environmental scan. b. strategic direction. c. external feedback. d. strategic focus.
external feedback.
a patient suffering from bulimia may have all of the following symptoms except:
extreme weight loss (they may exhibit: sore throat, dental problems, rectal bleeding)
before discontinuing a parenteral feeding, provide enteral support to prevent: a. development of fatty liver b. ketoacidosis c. hypoglycemia d. hepatic encephalopathy
hypoglycemia **hypoglycemia upon abrupt discontinuation of TPN is a complication that may result from endogenous insulin levels not adjusting to the sudden reduction in dextrose
a concern with parenteral feeding is
hypokalemia
in cystic fibrosis, the most imparied nutrient is: a. protein b. disaccharides c. electrolytes d. fat
fat; d/t pancreatic insufficiency (PI), fat is the most affected as fats are unable to be absorbed properly. In addition, decreased bile acid reabsorption further contributes to fat malabsorption. Pancreatic enzymes help break down fats, proteins and carbohydrates. Pancreatic juice contains pancreatic enzymes to help with digestion and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid as it enters the small intestine (duodenum) Pancreatic Enzymes include: Pancreatic proteases (such as trypsin and chymotrypsin) - which help to digest proteins. Pancreatic amylase - which helps to digest sugars (carbohydrates). Pancreatic lipase - which helps to digest fat
which is the pimary fuel used by resting muscle and at low intensity exercise?
fatty acids
which of the following may be the cause of loose stools in a tube fed patient? 1 feeding was administered at too rapid of a rate 2. the osmolality of the feeding was too low 3. the pt is constipated 4. an inadq amount of intestinal surface area a. 1 b. 1 2 c. 2 3 d. 1 4
feeding was administered at too rapid a rate & an inadequate amount of intestinal surface area
a spastic quadriplegic requres
fewer calories, increased fluid and fiber
what type of food would you feed to a patient who has the athetoid form (associated with inability to control muscle tone) of cerebral palsy? a. milk based products b. finger foods like a hot dog in a roll c. milk-free products d. galactose-free products
finger foods like a hot dog in a roll **athetoid cerebral palsy, sometimes called dyskinetic cerebral palsy or ADCP, occurs when there are lesions on the basal ganglia that appear during the development of the brain d/t bilirubin encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury involves: slow, involuntary, convoluted, writhing movements of the fingers, hands, toes, and feet and in some cases, arms, legs, neck and tongue.
immediately following a severe burn, nutritional therapy should include: a. high kcals b. high pro c. high kcals, vitamins, minerals d. fluid and electrolyte replacement
fluid and electrolyte replacement
Why may a patient with ascites be dehydrated?
fluid has moved to interstitial space
to restore hydration after continuous endurance activity of 2 hrs, consume:
fluid, sodium, cho
to maintain hydration during continuous endurance physical acitivity of 4 hrs, consume
fluids, sodium, cho
ABC Hospital Food and Nutrition Department prepares and delivers meals to other healthcare operations in a large metropolitan area. Other hospital foodservices in the metropolitan area have recently begun offering meal delivery service. ABC Hospital modified its service to offer home meal replacements to the healthcare staff in addition to its' other meal delivery service. ABC Hospital is using [MGT:381] a. strategic analysis b. competitive advantage. c. focus strategy. d. strategic implementation.
focus strategy.
a dietary deficiency of which of the following causes a macrocytic anemia resembling pernicious anemia?
folacin
the most important prenatal supplement is
folic acid
the dumping syndrome:
follows a gastrectomy, is secondary to CHO overload, and draws fluid into the intestine
The most effective nutrition assessment method for large groups is the:
food frequency list
which is a quick diet assessment tool for a large group?
food frequency lists
a father needs help in feeding his children, ages 6 & 8. which are the best options?
food stamps and school lunch
A patient needs a 2000 kcal, 2 g sodium feeding. Which is the best formula?
formula with 1 kcal/cc and 1g Na/L 2000 kcals x 1 mL ÷ 1 kcal = 2000 mL x 1 g Na ÷ 1000 mL = 2 g Na
a vegan with macrocytic anemia (anemia (defined as blood with an insufficient concentration of hemoglobin) in which the red blood cells (erythrocytes) are larger than their normal volume) needs which of the following?
fortified soy milk
the test htat measures toxic levels of lead on heme synthesis is the:
free erythrocyte protopophyrin test
a strick muslim would not consume
fruited gelatin, shrimp, ham
Phytochemicals, which may influence the development of tumors are found in:
fruits, vegetables, grains
a pt on parenteral nutrition is to be transitioned to EN, he should receive?
full strength en feeding at a low rate
a woman who is 5'5" and weighs 190 before pregnancy and gains 30#s by the beginning of her second trimester. Advise her to:
gain weight at an decreased rate
how can you enhance usage of commodity foods from a food donation program?
give each participant recipes using the food items
when given as the sole source of energy, isocaloric amounts of which energy substrate would most effectively reduce starvation ketosis?
glucose **once provided with adequate carbohydrate, the insulin levels will rise and counter-regulatory hormone levels will fall, resolving the ketosis.
the theory of obesity that refers to receptors in the hypothalamus is the: a. lipostatic theory b. set point theory c. glucostatic theory d. glucose-obese theory
glucostatic theory according to this theory, the hypothalamus controls the absorption of nutrients via receptors that measure the glucose level in the blood
which test helps you determine if a diabetic has been following his diet?
glycosylated hemoglobin
a PN pt is receiving 45 kcals/kg. what may be the result?
hypokalemia (low potassium) d/t excess calories http://www.csun.edu/~cjh78264/parenteral/complications/complications01a.html
a hospitalized pt who had not eaten well for 2 weeks had a 2.3 serum phosphorus level and a 1.3 serum magnesium level. he has
hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia
increased serum uric acid levels may lead to: a. galactosemia b. glycogen storage disease c. gout d. PKU
gout high levels of uric acid can be caused by kidney problems = inability of the kidneys to remove uric acid properly/adequately - or - increased production of uric acid from purines in the body. **PURINES are essential for production of RNA + DNA, proteins + starches, and the regulation of enzymes and cell signaling purines become available to the body endogenously (produced in the cells of the body) or exogenously (from food introduced into the body) **purines are broken down into uric acid MNT: wt mgmt, low purine diet, ↑ fluids, ↓ alcohol (i.e beer), ↓ fructose - sweetened bvg + juices
an infant has just begun to drink from a cup and uses the pincer grasp. which of the following would you recommend be added tothe diet?
graham crackers
which snack would you not give to an infant?
grapes
which of the following would lacto-ovovegetarians not eat?
halibut
as a public health Nutritionist, you notice an increase in the percentage of obese Hispanic females in the community. what is the best way to educate them?
have a cooking class that they can participate in the cooking and then eat the food they prepared
the mother of an infant who weighed 4.5KG at birth and was hypoglycemic may:
have had GDM
what is the best way to increase attendance at a nutritional seminar for dentists?
have it sponsored by a dental organization
why would a man who eats very little protein have an albumin of 5.5g/dl?
he is dehydrated
which of the following best describes the expected outcomes of dietry intervention for a pt who has anorexia nervosa?
he will eat more often and try a larger variety of foods
you aer planning a health promotion program for employees, to assess employee's needs, use information from:
health-risk appraisals
a female has a 36" waist and a 40" hip. She is at risk for
heart disease
Anasarca is extreme generalized edema and swelling of the skin associated with:
heart, liver, or renal failure
which of the folowing indicates stunted growth?
height for age
Which bacteria may cause gastric ulcers?
helicobacter pylori
an appropriate measurement for iron status in a local community is:
hematocrit
which fiber is insoluble in water?
hemicellulose
the diet for hepatic coma is low in protein due to: a. low ammonia levels b. high chol levels c. high ammonia levels d. high LDL
high ammonia levels **Hepatic Coma = Hepatic Encephalopathy: decline in brain function/altered mental status (AMS) can also occur b/c of toxins being carried across an abnormally porous blood-brain barrier. With severe liver disease/cirrhosis, the liver cannot adequately remove toxins from the blood. This causes a buildup of toxins in the bloodstream, which can lead to brain damage.
a pt is Dx with iatrogenic malnutrition. nutritional therapy should be:
high cal, high pro
a baby is treated with an UV light for hyperbilirubinemia. you should prescribe a diet that is:
high fluid
a pt with diabetic gastroparesis should avoid foods that are:
high in fat
a child with AIDS needs a high calorie and ____ intake.
high protein
Nutritional therapy for hepatitis includes:
high protein, high carbohydrate, moderate fat, high calories *protein is needed in large amounts for cell regeneration, and to provide lipotropic agents to convert fat into lipoproteins for removal of the fat/cholesterol from liver (prevents a fatty liver) 1) High PRO = 0.8 - 1.0 g/kg; in stress at lease 1.5 g/kg 2) High CALORIES = 25 - 35 kcal/kg estimated dry weight or 1.2 - 1.5 x BEE = approximately 2000 - 3000 kcal/day to allow for liver cell regeneration *NOTE: too MUCH protein will result in an increased amount of ammonia in the blood; too LITTLE protein can reduce the healing of the liver 3) Moderate to Low FAT = 25 - 40% of calories, MCT if needed; < 40 g of fat if malasorption. *NOTE: fat is preferred fuel in cirrhosis. Include OMEGA-3 Decrease LCTs if steatorrhea develops 4) Low-fiber is recommended if varies are present; low sodium if edema or ascites 5) w/ hyponatremia, fluid restriction of 1 - 1.5 L/day depending on severity, and moderate sodium intake 6) B complex vitamins, C, K, Zn, Mg; monitor need for A & D - Zn is involved in conversion of ammonia to urea, increased loss in urine d/t constant presence of alcohol and metabolic changes it causes
compared to human milk, commercially prepared infant formula is:
higher in protein and iron but lacks antibodies
Low levels of folate, pyridoxine and cyancobalamin are associated with:
homocystinuria (inherited disorder in which the body is unable to process certain amino acids properly)
Commercial and onsite foodservice operations share many similarities in their subsystems. However, some characteristics are unique to a type of operation. A commercial buffet restaurant and a school nutrition program are distinguished by [MGT:375] a. how food is distributed and served. b. how food is procured. c. how sanitation is maintained. d. how food is produced.
how food is distributed and served.
a patient with nephrosis wil likely exhibit:
hypercholesterolemia, albuminemia, edema
the catecholamines released during stress cause: a. hypertension b. hyperglycemia c. diuresis d. elevated BUN
hyperglycemia
which of the following nutrition diagnoses is most likely to be associated with cyclosproine therapy?
hyperlipidemia
an elevated T4 indicates: a. galactosemia b. hypothyroidism c. hyperthyroidism d. ketonuria
hyperthyroidism
a long term care patient has normal intestinal function but cannot eat. what tube feeding should you provide?
isotonic lactose-free formula
why would you add bicarbonate to a solution for a person with hyperkalemia?
it exchanges hydrogen for potassium
the efficacy of a low sugar, low artificial flavor diet on hyperkinesis (abnormally heightened, sometimes uncontrollable muscle movement) is:
it has not been scientifically proven effective
The symbol U on a food label indicates:
it is a kosher designation
which is true with osteoporosis (bone disease/porous bones)?
it is common in those 65 years of age and older
what is true about cow's milk?
it is high in protein it creates a high solute load it is low in iron and vitamin C
current research on the relationship between cancer and diet includes all of the following except:
it is related to demographic factors (cancer is associated with the intake of vitamin A, related to epidemiologic [science that studies the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations] data, and associated with ascorbic acid)
who resolves differences in bills from the house and senate?
joint conference committee
hormones that control blood pressure and blood components are produced in the: a. the heart b. the liver c. the kidneys d. the lungs
kidneys the kidneys provide a hormonal mechanism for the regulation of blood pressure by managing blood volume. The renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) of the kidneys regulates blood volume. Review this process: https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/anatomy-and-physiology/the-cardiovascular-system/control-of-blood-pressure
food staff from a commodity distribution program are not allowed to bring foods to a Jewish facility. what is the main reason for this?
kosher foods are not allowed to be mixed with non-kosher foods
a middle income female needs support for breast feeding. which group will help?
la leche league
infants born to mothers with DM may be:
larger than normal, and be hypoglycemia shortly after birth
A pork chop is which type of meat exhange
lean **according to ADA exchange list is a medium fat exchange
what would be an expected outcome of WIC?
less anemia, increased HG and HT levels
a pt with DM has not eaten for more than 3 days. you should:
liberalize the diet
you have a hospitalized renal filure pt who has eaten 0-10% of her meals for the past 3 days. you should recommend:
liberalizing the diet
The food and nutrition director and the food production manager discuss productivity of the trayline setup. The food production manager agrees to reorganize the trayline's hot and cold food stations. This interaction is an example of [MGT:378] a. linking processes. b. control c. coordinating elements. d. functional subsystems.
linking processes.
what would the lab values above have likely reflected if the patient had been nauseated and had averaged only 400 kcals from primarily starchy
little or no rise in potassium, BUN/creatinine ration <10
following a cholecystectomy, bile is produced by the: a. pancreas b. liver c. spleen d. portal vein
liver; the liver will still produce bile, but will no longer be able to store the bile in the gallbladder. Therefore, the bile produced in the liver will now flow directly into the intestine to help break down fats. The liver will produce enough bile for digestion - a smaller amount will be used as there is no extra bile available w/ the removal of the gallbladder
youare assessing a 4'11" female pt who weights 160#s. she has HTN, high cholesterol, and DM. what do you recommend?
low calories
Medicaid benefits apply to:
low income individuals
an infant with phenylketonuria requires which of the following dietary alterations?
low phenyalanine, high tryrosine
what is the approriate diet for heart failure?
low sodium
what is the diet for hypertension? a. low na b. low na, high K c. low na, high ca d. low na, high ca, high K
low sodium
compared to whole milk, breast milk is:
lower in protein, higher in cho and fat
an appropriate menu for a kosher meal is:
macaroni and cheese, green beans
a common result of treating an AIDS pt with zidovdine is?
macrocytic anemia
what is the best approach for controlling obesity in an otherwise healthy 10 yo girl
maintenance of weight during continued growth
a female who eats a wide variety of foods and takes supplemental iron and birth control pills may be:
marginally deficient in folic acid
a tube fed pt develops diarrhea. what is the most likely cause?
medications?
A patient with low hemoglobin and low MCV might have:
microcytic anemia
which is a measure of somatic protein (in skeletal muscle)? a. serum albumin b. serum transferrin c. mid-arm muscle circumference d. triceps skinfold
mid-arm muscle circumference MAMC measures skeletal muscle mass (somatic protein - the amount of muscle someone has).
Who is the most appropriate candidate for parenteral nutrition?
middle aged woman who will begin chemotherapy
a pt with Parkinson's disease on Levodopa should:
minimize protein at breakfast and lunch and add it to the evening meal
The sentence "We will produce nutritious, high-quality food that meets our customers' needs for service within 30 minutes" is a [MGT:366] a. vision. b. mission statement. c. Strategy. d. value
mission statement.
a 9 month old infant being fed iron-fortified, milk-based formula is obese. you should recommend:
monitoring weight and intake
a fecal excretion of ____ grams of fat/24 hours is consider fat malabsorption. a. less than 1 b. more than 7 c. 3-5 d. 2-4
more than 7
As operational costs increase, so has the value of management skills. The person who can effectively manage resources across subsystems is considered a [MGT:368] a. multidepartment manager. b. systems thinker. c. onsite manager. d. strategic manager.
multidepartment manager.
within 2-3 hrs of continuous exercise at 60-80% of maximum,
muscle glycogen is depleted
when counseling a DM with limited education, which would be the most appropriate question to ask in assessing her comprehension level?
name a food that is a fat
which program enables a juvenile justice residential facility to provide nutiritousmeals to its residents?
natl school breakfast program????
the essential amino acid tryptophan is most closely related to:
niacin
a child presents at the 65th %ile height for age. what does this signify?
normal
the BMI for a woman is is 5'7" tall and weighs 148#s indicates:
normal (BMI 23) BMI = wt in lbs ÷ ht in inches² x 703 BMI = 148 lbs ÷ 67x67 (4489) x 703 = 23
what should most be encouraged in a Headstart program?
nutrition activities related to food
the NHANES study looks at which parameters? a. nutritional b. nutritional, clinical c. nutritional, biochemical d. nutrition, clinical, biochemical
nutritional, clinical, biochemical **NHANES evaluates clinical, chemical, anthropometric, nutritional data
the prader willi syndrome (rare disorder present at birth that results in a number of physical, mental and behavioral problems) is associated with:
obesity rare genetic disorder; causes poor ms. tone, stunting, intellectual disability, low sex hormones, and a constant feeling of hunger = obesity
nutrition intervention with Alzheimer's disease should include:
offer 1 food at a time, avoid distractions
what change should be made in the fllowing menu if it is to be seved to 7th day adventists? tomato juice, cottage cheese fruit plate or egg salad sandwich, milk, coffee, tea
offer decaffeinated beverages
Green beans cooked in tomato sauce turn______ due to______.
olive green; pheophytin
a pt has been hospitalized for 17 days with multiple injuries following an accident. when should the discharge plan begin?
on the first day of admission
an infant wants a bottle at bedtime. you should counsel the parents to:
only give water in the bottle
An AIDS pt should select the following fresh fruit:
orage, banana, pineapple
the diet for galactosemia (inability to metabolize the sugar galactose properly) should exclude: a. high fat foods b. high cholesterol foods c. organ meats, MSG d. simple carbs
organ meats, MSG some forms of MSG contain lactose, so, it is best to avoid all MSG; organ meats contain high amounts of galactose
Strategic management of a foodservice system means [MGT:383] a. effectively responding to environmental threats. b. integrated systems thinking of internal and external events. c. evaluation of stakeholders and the competition. d. organization and environmental analysis to achieve goals.
organization and environmental analysis to achieve goals.
which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention program?
osteoporosis education classes for postmenopausal women primary prevention programs = reduced exposure to a promoter of disease (early screening for risk factors like diabetes) secondary prevention program = recruiting those w/ elevated risk factors into treatment program (setting up an employee gym) tertiary prevention program = a disease progresses, intervention to reduce severity
Customer and employee satisfaction are both: [MGT:376] a. functions of management. b. linking processes. c. environmental factors. d. outputs of the foodservice system.
outputs of the foodservice system.
Which of the following is not a guideline for Medicaid?
over the age of 60 only, nutritional need **care for the elderly (Medicare); aid the needy/poor (Medicaid)
which is most associated with the incidence of Type 2 DM
overweight
which hormone moves milk through the mammary ducts? a. prolactin b. progesterone c. estrogen d. oxytocin
oxytocin = "let down" reflex
which nutrients are involved in energy metabolism:
pantothenic acid and biotin
Which diet is restricted in carbs?
reactive hypoglycemia; limiting the CHO will result in less fluctuations of blood sugar (spikes/drops) and the body will adjust its insulin needs **when the body is introduced w/ a high amount of CHO, the body learns to expect high levels of glucose the body responds by releasing too much insulin = glucose levels to drop significantly = hypoglycemia to cope with a sudden drop in blood sugar your body takes steps to restore blood sugar levels. One of these mechanisms is a stress hormone response from the adrenal gland. You produce epinephrine which is thought to be the main cause of the RHG symptoms.
which of the following is an achievable outcome for a weight loss program?
reduce by 10% the number of obese adults, ages 25-49, within two years of starting the program
a nutritional care plan for overweight children should include:
reduce rateof body weight gain while allowing growth
a new pt with a BMI of 32 and HTN comes to you for counseling. what is your first recommendation?
reduce sodium
the best way to justify continuing a wellness program would be to demonstrate that the participants:
reducedtheir health risk scores
when working with patients who have food allergies in a pediatric GI clinic, which of the following outcomes should be measured?
reduction of food-related reactions among pts
what is the appropriate advice for a person with anorexia nervosa?
regular mealtimes, and a varied moderate intake
therecommendation to treat an infant with acute diarrhea is to:
rehydrate within 4-6 hrs
Which of the following diseases may lead to anemia?
renal failure
a teenager was brought to the hospital with CVA and dysphagia. The dietitian should immediately:
request a swallow test
in severe cirrhosis with ascites, diet therapy should be:
restrict sodium
intervention by a RD conducting nutrition assessment is best determined by:
results of nutrition screening
Which statement best describes the "A" component of the FADE performance improvement model? [MGT:312] a. Choose a specific problem or process to improve b. Review data to better understand the current process c. Create a plan d. Implement and monitor the plan
review the data to better understand the current process
a tube fed pt develops diarrhea. what needs to be done first?
review the osmolality of the feeding
milk is packaged in opague containers to avoid UV destruction of:
riboflavin
southeast Asian populatios would likely consume the following foods:
rice, vegetables and small amounts of meat
which of the following items is appropriate for a muslim diet?
salad with bacos
which of the following is not associated with anorexia nervosa?
schizophrenia (food adversions, distorted body image, constant concern about weight status are associated with anorexia)
the ketogenic diet is used to help treat: a. cystic fibrosis b. seizures c. chronic renal failure d. hypotension
seizures
patients with decubtus ulcers will likely demonstrate low:
serum albumin
which of the following lab values would most likely indicate that dialysis is necessary?
serum creatinine 6.0, BUN 70
the RD is asked to determine the prevalence of overweight children wthin a local school district. the last step of the community needs assessment would be to:
set a plan of action
Which is most characteristic of marasmus
severe fat ans muscle wasting
What does a fecal fat of 12 grams indicate?
severe fat malabsorption
EN feeding products that contain protein in the form of small peptides and amino acids are recommended for patients who have:
short-bowel syndrome chemically defined formulas or "elemental formulas" are used for: SBS - easier to digest
Which best applies to nutritional screening?
should include nutritional parameters
iron deficiency anemia has the following characteristics: a. large cells laden with hgb, hypochromic, microcytic b. small, pale cells, hypochromic, microcytic c. large cells laden with hgb, macrocytic, megaloblastic d. small, pale cells, macrocytic, megaloblastic
small, pale cells, hypochromic (pale RBC), microcytic (small RBCs)
what elements of the diet vary the most in hepatic disease?
sodium, fluid, protein
a child has chronic non-specific diarrhea whithout malabsorption. an increased intake of which of the following might be the cause?
sorbitol
your patient is on coumadin. Which foods would you make sure to consistently include in their diet?
spinach, collard greens
A child has been measured several times before the age of 2 yrs. Results of the measurements were not accurate because the child was measured:
standing up
a pt on a full liquid diet should not receive:
strained cereal
a patient with dehydration exhibits the symptoms of:
sunken eyes, decreased renal function, increased tachycardia
a cancer pt receiving radiation therapy to the head and neck presents with weight loss. the nutrition dx would be:
swallowing difficulty
which of the following would be classified as NC in the NCP?
swallowing difficulty (clinical)
To generate revenue, the bakery department produces a photo sheet of their decorated cakes and distributes it to all units in the hospital. The cafeteria bundles the decorated cake service with a discounted coffee service, which is an example of: [MGT:369] a. transformation. b. output. c. synergy d. permeability of boundaries.
synergy
a client who takes orlistat may need to:
take a m/v supplement
Goals for a community nutrition program should be based on:
the Dietary Guidelines for Americans
The year 2010 Healthy People Goals are an outgrowth of a report by:
the Surgeon General, under HHS
the allowance for Food Stamps is based on:
the USDA Thrifty Food Program
Why might a child with PKU have an increased incidence of dental caries?
the diet is high in CHO, low in PRO recommended foods are phenylalanine-free formula/medical food, fruits, vegetables, and low protein bread or cereal products PHE is found in most foods containing protein, including: beef, poultry, pork, fish, milk, yogurt, eggs, cheese, soy products (including soy protein isolate, soybean flour, and tofu), and certain nuts and seeds. The artificial sweetener aspartame - restrict/avoid sodas w/ aspartame.
Medicare is for the:
the elderly *care for the ELDERLY, aid the POOR (low income)
what is an example of a program that provides food to the needy?
the food bank
the best way to justify continuation of WIC would be to show improvement in:
the infant morbidity rate
A foodservice director using a systems approach to evaluate the effect of a new tray delivery service on the dishroom and the nurse stations is considering: [MGT:382] a. the internal and external environments. b. equifinality of the system. c. dynamic equilibrium of the system d. managerial feedback.
the internal and external environments.
The distinction between a franchise quick service restaurant (QSR) located in a shopping mall and the same franchise QSR located in a medical facility is that [MGT:367] a. the shopping mall QSR is the only one allowed to make a profit. b. the medical facility QSR can break even but not make a profit. c. the medical facility's QSR purpose is secondary to the purpose of the medical facility. d. the shopping mall QSR can offer lower prices.
the medical facility's QSR purpose is secondary to the purpose of the medical facility.
a pt reports decreased intake, nausea, vomiting, and decreased fxnal capacity. to complete a subjective global assessment evaluate:
the presence of edema and wasting or dehydration
a homeless patient who is deficient in all nutrients is to be dishcarged. what organization may help?
the social workers group
Why is an affluent couple (male DM, 67 yrs and a 50yo wife with a broken arm) not eligible for Meals on Wheels?
they can leave the house
Asian, Hispanic, and native Americans have the following in common:
they consume little milk
memory loss may be associated with a deficiency of:
thiamin
a pt with dysphagia waiting for a swallow test may receive:
thick liquids
which is a part of the nutritional therapy for IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) in a lean person? a. time meals b. decrease caloric intake c. it is not crucial to maintain consistency of calories if average intake is low d. decrease the frequency of feedings
time meals
roman catholic dietary laws state that fish is:
to be served on Ash Wednesday and Fridays during Lent
what best measures excess calorie reserves (stored fat)?
triceps skinfold **TSF; measure body fat reserves/calorie reserves normal values; male 12.5mm/female 16.5mm
muscle mass is determined using the: a. triceps skinfold and arm circumference b. skinfold caliper c. BEE d. urinary creatinine measurement
triceps skinfold and arm circumference
Which of the following indicates protein calorie malnutrition?
triceps skinfold and arm muscle circumference of 79%
which anthropometric measurements are useful in assessing adults? a. tricep skinfold, head circumference, arm muscle circumference b. head circumference, arm muscle circumference, height, weight c. serum albumin, tricep skinfold d. tricep skinfold, arm muscle cirumference, height, weight
triceps, skinfold, arm muscle circumference, height, weight
which type of nutrition support ensures the maximum function of the GI surface area?
tube feeding with an isotonic formula
what shoul da Jewish patient include in his diet to increase the intake of zinc?
turkey
Which is permitted on a diet restricting tyramine?
uncured cheese like cottage, ricotta (Foods not allowed: hard cheese like cheddar or swiss, pickled or smoked foods, tofu)
when measuring a child's somatic protein mass, in addition to the BMI, use:
upper arm muscle area