Inquizitive Chapter 9

What does this map reveal about the transportation revolution and shortened travel times?

-Between 1800 and 1830, travel time between New York City and Florida decreased by one week. -Between 1800 and 1830, travel time between New York City and the meeting point of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers decreased by three weeks. -By 1830, a traveler could get anywhere along the Atlantic coast in two weeks or less.

Identify the statements that describe the experiences of free blacks in the nineteenth century.

-Blacks faced widespread discrimination and were unable to find work as craftsmen or store clerks. -Blacks constructed their own institutional life, by creating schools and churches.

What does it reveal about roads and canals in 1840?

-By 1840, a network of roads connected the Atlantic coast to the western states, including Indiana. -Large portions of the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers could be navigated, allowing trade throughout the most western states. -Ohio, New York, and Pennsylvania had a series of canals that allowed goods to be transported throughout the region.

Identify the statements that describe the internal borderland along the Ohio River.

-Cultural connections, trade connections, and family connections transcended the border. -There was more trade between people across the Ohio River than in the most northern parts of their own states. -It was the boundary between free and slavery societies.

Identify the statements that describe how textile mills transformed employment dynamics in the nineteenth century.

-Entire families worked at some mills, with women and children contributing to the production of textiles. -It was the first time in history that a large number of unmarried women left their homes to participate in the public world.

Identify the statements that describe the Second Great Awakening and its impact.

-It democratized American Christianity, making it a mass enterprise. -Preachers stressed that individuals were "free agents" able to make their own choices, and stressed industry, sobriety, and self-discipline. -Alarmed by low church attendance, religious leaders organized religious revivals where they preached, warning of hell and promising salvation to converts.

Drag the statements that describe the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints to the image of the temple below.

-The Mormons' experience revealed the limits of religious toleration in nineteenth-century America but also the opportunities offered by religious pluralism. -Members' practices of posthumous polygamy proved controversial, and as a result demonstrated the limits of religious toleration in the country. -The religion was founded by Joseph Smith, and the followers are often referred to as Mormons

Identify the statements that describe westward expansion.

-Westward expansion had been happening since the first settlers arrived and moved inland. -By supporting the West, politicians gained power. -The West emerged as its own distinct region, with its own culture, different from the South and New England.

Identify the statements that describe the American system of manufactures.

-led to the wide dispersion of mechanical skills throughout northern society -introduced the mass production of parts that could be rapidly built into standardized products

Identify the statements that describe the market revolution.

-rapid change in the U.S. economy caused by territorial expansion enabled by improvements to transportation -shift from self-sufficient farming to a national market -creation of opportunities for economic improvement and the ability to get ahead

Identify the demands of the early labor movement.

-the opportunity for free public education -the limit of working hours to ten hours a day -the end of imprisonment because of debts owed

Identify the statement that describes the concept of a "family wage."

A "family wage" referred to the amount a man should be able to make to support his wife and children without their earnings.

What role did freedom play in the concept of "manifest destiny"?

America was entitled to the whole continent because of its divine mission to spread freedom beyond its current borders.

After 1793, cotton production soared due to the invention of Eli Whitney's cotton gin. Identify how the cotton gin further changed the United States.

It allowed slavery to expand to the West and increased it in the South as profits were realized.

The Second Great Awakening concerned the "awakening" of what type of devotion?

Religious

Identify the statement that describes the shift from the ideology of "republican motherhood" to the cult of domesticity in the mid-nineteenth century.

The idealized image of a woman shifted from that of a mother of future citizens to that of a virtuous and obedient person dependent on her husband.

The concept of "Liberty of Living" made economic security an essential part of American freedom.

True

What does it reveal about the contrast between how America viewed the West, and the reality of the West?

While Americans romanticized the West as a land of opportunity and promise, in reality it was rough and a difficult place to live.

What does this image reveal about the mid-nineteenth-century belief in "inborn" qualities of men and women?

women: -expected to be nurturing, selfless, and ruled by emotion -remained in the private realm of the family men: -able to move freely between the public and private spheres -expected to be rational, aggressive, and domineering

Identify the statement that describes nativist attitudes in the 1840s and 1850s.

Fearing immigrants would take their jobs, native-born Americans discriminated against immigrants.