International Marketing Ch. 4

Which of the following statements about international marketing is true?

Markets are molded by a marketer's promotion and distribution system, the region's economy, and various cultural influences.

Which of the following statements about education as a social institution is true?

Nationwide literacy tends to help a country grow its economy rapidly.

Which of the following statements regarding cultures that score high on the Individualism/Collectivism Index is true?

Personal ambition and free will are valued and encouraged in these cultures.

Which of the following statements about social institutions and their effect on a country's culture is true?

Religion has an enormous effect on a society's values.

The ______ Index denotes an inclination toward behavior that advances a person's self-interest.

Individualism/Collectivism

Which of the following is true of the similar-but-different aspect of culture?

It can lead people to think that cultures have more in common than they actually do.

The Masculinity/Femininity Index

It focuses on assertiveness and achievement.

The Power Distance Index

It focuses on authority orientation.

The Uncertainty Avoidance Index

It focuses on risk orientation.

The Individualism/Collective Index

It focuses on self-orientation.

Which of the following statements about linguistic distance is true?

Large linguistic distances raise the price of international marketing.

The loss of various spoken languages is part of a general

decrease in cultural distinctiveness around the world.

Which of the following statements about social institutions and their influence on culture is true?

Societies become acquainted with most new products via businesses.

Which of the following statements regarding the change in family as a social institution is true?

Women are delaying marriage, especially in Asia.

In the context of best marketing practices in the European Union, international marketers must

avoid the belief that consumers throughout Europe want to purchase the same products.

A marketer who practices cultural _____ is offering products that are much like what is already being sold, and the new products are offered in a way that fits into the existing culture as much as possible.

congruence

The Chinese practice of _____ refers to a connection between people and the universe to the energy that supports life and promotes balance and peace in a person's surroundings.

feng shui

Innovations most easily incorporated into a culture are those that

generate the most interest within society.

The concept of linguistic distance revolves around the notion that

it is less expensive to do business in a foreign country where people speak a language that is similar to that of the marketer.

In the context of thought processes, Asians

tend to see the entire picture rather than just the foreground when evaluating a situation.

Paying attention to the fine distinctions of culture so that it can be studied in an open-minded way, assessed, and admired is known as

cultural sensitivity.

Which types of government foundered during the 20th century?

1. communism 2. fascism

Which of the following are advantages of cultural sensitivity in international marketing?

1. It reduces strife between marketers and their customers. 2. It enables communication between marketers and consumers.

How has birth control changed social institutions and cultural values?

1. School children are now discussing topics such as abstinence. 2. People now have smaller families.

Which of the following are characteristic of global marketers who understand cultural differences that affect their business operations?

1. They pay attention to cultural differences in markets they are attempting to enter. 2. They anticipate changes in markets where they are presently doing business.

Which of the following will cause the countries within the European Union to become increasingly similar in what they need, what they want, and how they behave in the economic market?

1. global mass communications 2. countries depending more on one another, both economically and socially

Which of the following features are associated with cultures that score low on the Uncertainty Avoidance Index?

1. not much anxiety and stress 2. willing to put up with people who deviate from normal behavior 3. willing to take risks

A culture is most likely to accept something new when _____. (Select all that apply.)

1. the innovation will create jobs 2. the innovation will not disrupt existing beliefs and behaviors very much 3. people have some reason to be quite interested in the innovation

Which of the following have the greatest effect on values and culture?

1. the media 2. schools 3. families

Which of the following statements about cultural change is true?

A marketer assessing a society should remember that cultures are constantly changing.

Which of the following statements about cultural borrowing is true?

Borrowed cultural facets are combined in such a way that they become unique to a particular society.

_____ refers to energy that supports life and travels through everyone's body and the environment, including the inside and outside of houses and places of employment.

Ch'i

Which of the following statements is true?

Governments have little influence over cultural values when compared to school, religion, family, and the media.

Philip Parker said geography influences economics in what way?

He contended that a country's latitude strongly affects its per capita GDP.

Which of the following statements regarding the European Union is true?

It has led marketers to the false conclusion that there is such a thing as the "European consumer."

Which of the following is the geographical argument used by Jared Diamond to theorize why Euro-Asian cultures have sometimes dominated African and American cultures?

It was easier for ideas and information to travel over the Silk Road instead of crossing the Sahara or the Isthmus of Panama.

Which of the following statements about individuals from cultures with high Power Distance Index scores is true?

They tend to distrust people who are not part of their groups.

Which of the following is true of cultures that have low Power Distance Index scores?

They usually think people should be treated equally, and they say power comes from knowledge.

Which of the following statements regarding cultural borrowing is true?

When people are introduced to a belief or practice from another culture and they approve of it, they incorporate it into their own culture.

An individual with a high score on the Uncertainty Avoidance Index is most likely to

adhere to tested patterns of behavior.

Individuals from cultures with high Uncertainty Avoidance Index scores

are likely to believe that obeying the rules is the best way to avoid risk.

Interpersonal relationships are strongly affected by _____ such as family, religion, schools, the media, government, and corporations.

social institutions

Cultures are always changing, and yet

they also resist change, which is one of their fundamental attributes.

An individual who scores low on the Individualism/Collectivism Index is most likely to

think in terms of "we" instead of "I."