Intro To A&P Lab
Name the 2 main organ systems that communicate within the body to maintain homeostasis. Briefly explain their different control mechanisms
1. nervous system: rapid, localized responses to external and internal stimuli created by muscles and glands 2. endocrine system: slow, widespread responses via hormones that travel in the blood
Explain why an artery is an organ.
It has different tissues (epithelial, connective, smooth muscle, nervous) working for a common function
define plane
a 2D flat surface along which sections are made
which body cavity provides the least protection to its internal structures?
abdominopelvic
which body cavity would be opened to perform a hysterectomy?
abdominopelvic
Name the body region that blood is usually drawn from
antecubital
the trachea (windpipe) is ______ to the vertebral column.
anterior
name one organ located in each cavity: cranial cavity
brain
The bones are ________ to the skin. (superficial or deep)
deep
name the muscle that subdivides the ventral body cavity.
diaphragm
Name the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structures belongs: liver, large intestine, rectum
digestive
the knee is ________ to the thigh.
distal
Name the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structures belongs: pancreas, pituitary gland
endocine
The mother of a child scheduled to receive a thymectomy (removal of the thymus gland) asks you whether there will be any side effects from the removal of the gland. Which two organ systems would you mention in your explanation?
endocrine and lymphatic
List the 4 primary tissue types
epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous
the plane that separates the anterior body surface from the posterior body surface is the ________ plane
frontal
name one organ located in each cavity: mediastinum
heart and aorta
name one organ located in each cavity: thoracic cavity
heart and lungs
Name the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structures belongs: epidermis, dermis, cutaneous sense organs
integumentary
the vertebral cavity is ________ to the cranial cavity.
interior
which smaller body cavity would be opened to perform a total knee replacement?
knee synovial cavity
The acromial region is _______ to the otic region. (medial or lateral)
lateral
the thumb is ________ to the ring finger.
lateral
name one organ located in each cavity: abdominal cavity
liver, stomach, etc
Name the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structures belongs: thymus, spleen, lymphatic vessels
lymphatic
the nose is ________ to the cheekbones.
medial
houses three tiny bones involved in hearing
middle ear cavity
contained within the nose
nasal cavity
contains the tongue
oral cavity
holds the eyes in an anterior-facing position
orbital cavity
An abdominal hernia results when weakened muscles allow the protrusion of abdominal structures. In the case of an umbilical hernia, parts of a serous membrane and the small intestine form the bulge. Which serous membrane is involved?
parietal peritoneum
which serous membrane(s) is/are in the abdominopelvic cavity?
peritoneum
The popliteal region is ______ (anterior or posterior)
posterior
the popliteal region is ________ to the patellar region.
posterior
The femoral region is _______ to the tarsal region. (proximal or distal)
proximal
the wrist is _______ to the hand.
proximal
Name the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structures belongs: testis, prostate
reproductive
Name the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structures belongs: trachea, bronchi, lungs
respiratory
if an incision cuts the heat into the let and right parts, a ________ plane of section was used.
sagittal
Name the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structures belongs: bones, cartilages, tendons
skeletal
a patient has been diagnosed with appendicitis. Use anatomical terminology to describe the location of the person's pain. assume that the pain is referred to the surface of the body above the organ.
skin surface to right lower quadrant of abdominopelvic cavity.
Name the cells that are produced by the testes and ovaries.
sperm and eggs (ova)
name one organ located in each cavity: vertebral cavity
spinal cord
Describe completely the standard human anatomical position.
standing erect, feet apart shoulder width, head and toes pointing forward, and arms hanging at side with palms facing forward
Name 2 organs found in the LUQ
stomach and spleen
the thoracic cavity is ______ to the abdominopelvic cavity.
superior
surrounds a joint
synovial cavity
Explain the role that the skeletal system plays in facilitating cardiovascular system function
the skeletal system protects the heart and provides calcium needed for normal heart contraction
Explain how serous membranes protect organs from infection
they compartmentalize the various organs to protect infection in one organ from spreading to the others
the plane that separates the head from the neck is the ________ plane.
transverse
Name the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structures belongs: kidneys, ureter, urethra
urinary
untreated diabetes mellitus can lead to a condition in which the blood is more acidic than normal. Name 2 organ systems that play the largest role in compensating for acid-base imbalances.
urinary and respiratory
What organ is divided into identical halves by the median plane?
urinary bladder
name one organ located in each cavity: pelvic cavity
urinary bladder
Name 2 organs in the RLQ
urinary bladder and appendix
individuals with asplenia are missing their spleen or have a spleen that doesn't function well. It is recommended that these patients talk to their doctor about vaccines that are indicated for their health condition. explain how this recommendation correlates to their chronic health condition.
vaccines activate the immune response of the lymphatic system. The spleen is an organ in the lymphatic system.
