Intro to biz ch 9
______ has benefits for both companies and employees in that it increases a company's ability to recruit and retain workers and allows employees to balance work and home life by allowing them to choose their starting and ending times, as long as they are there during a specified core period.
flextime
According to Herzberg, hygiene factors at work would include ______. (select all that apply)
good working conditions job security
Job rotation, job enrichment, and flexible scheduling are examples of ______.
job design strategies
The job design strategy that involves adding more tasks to a job is called _____.
job enlargement
All of the following are flexible scheduling strategies EXCEPT ______.
job rotation
B.F. Skinner, a psychologist who developed behavior modification, theory found that behavior that is ______ will tend to be increased, whereas behavior that is ______ will tend to be eliminated.
rewarded; punished
Job _____ does not totally eliminate the problem of boredom because employees may eventually become bored with all the jobs in the cycle.
rotation
Job_____________ is extremely useful in situations where a person is being trained for a position that requires an understanding of various units in an organization.
rotation
What theory is based on the idea that employees try to maintain fairness or balance between inputs and outputs as compared to others in similar positions?
Equity
Lee works 40 hours per week, typically working 10 hours per day Monday through Thursday, and taking a three-day weekend. Lee works a ______ workweek
compressed
In equity theory, a worker's contribution to the organization is referred to as his or her _______, while rewards offered by the organization are referred to as _______.
inputs; outputs
Ann works as a receptionist for a large company. Since the job is fairly repetitive, Ann gets bored easily. Her company recently offered Ann the opportunity to rotate to other departments in administrative jobs so she can learn new skills related to the other departments. This is an example of .
job rotation
Vroom's expectancy theory states that ______.
motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it
An assumption about people made by a Theory Y manager is that people ______.
naturally like to work
An assumption made by a Theory X manager about people is that ______.
people have little ambition
According to Herzberg, which of the following is a motivational factor?
recognition
According to Maslow, the difference between satisfied and unsatisfied needs is that ______.
unsatisfied needs continue to motivate
Job enlargement is a job design strategy ______.
where more tasks are added to a job
Job enrichment incorporates which three motivational factors into the design of the job?
Achievement Advancement Recognition
Reinforcement theory is associated with which of the following?
Behavior modification
theory states that employees look for fairness in the workplace as compared to others before deciding to perform.
Equity
Which theory states that goals act as motivators to focus employee efforts on achieving certain performance outcomes?
Goal-setting theory
Goal-setting theory assumes which three of the following? (Select all that apply)
Goals help employees develop consistent behavior patterns. Goals direct employee efforts toward an outcome. Goals act as motivators.
Based on Herzberg's theory, which element is a hygiene factor?
Job Security
Jack has elderly parents he needs to care for and he would like to cut his hours down to half-time. Which flexible scheduling strategy might work for Jack?
Job sharing
What three assumptions are made by a Theory Y manager about people?
People are motivated by a variety of rewards. People seek responsibility. People like to work.
According to Herzberg, which of the following is a motivational factor and is NOT a hygiene factor?
Recognition
How would a manager subscribing to Theory Z manage his or her employees?
The management style would be participative; managers and workers share responsibilities
According to Herzberg, which of the following accurately describes motivational factors?
The presence of motivational factors is likely to motivate employees to excel.
McGregor's humanistic view of management is called ..
Theory Y
_____ is a management philosophy that emphasizes employee participation in all aspects of company decision making.
Theory Z
True or false: According to the equity theory, each worker develops a personal input-output ratio to compare the his or her inputs with the outputs or rewards offered by the organization.
True
McGregor's traditional view of management is called Theory
X
Allowing workers to work full-time hours in fewer than five days is called ______.
a compressed workweek
Flextime can be described as ______.
a program that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times, provided that they are at work during a specified core period
The idea that managers can change employee behavior by administering consequences related to the employee's actions is called ______.
behavior modification