Intro to biz ch 9

______ has benefits for both companies and employees in that it increases a company's ability to recruit and retain workers and allows employees to balance work and home life by allowing them to choose their starting and ending times, as long as they are there during a specified core period.

flextime

According to Herzberg, hygiene factors at work would include ______. (select all that apply)

good working conditions job security

Job rotation, job enrichment, and flexible scheduling are examples of ______.

job design strategies

The job design strategy that involves adding more tasks to a job is called _____.

job enlargement

All of the following are flexible scheduling strategies EXCEPT ______.

job rotation

B.F. Skinner, a psychologist who developed behavior modification, theory found that behavior that is ______ will tend to be increased, whereas behavior that is ______ will tend to be eliminated.

rewarded; punished

Job _____ does not totally eliminate the problem of boredom because employees may eventually become bored with all the jobs in the cycle.

rotation

Job_____________ is extremely useful in situations where a person is being trained for a position that requires an understanding of various units in an organization.

rotation

What theory is based on the idea that employees try to maintain fairness or balance between inputs and outputs as compared to others in similar positions?

Equity

Lee works 40 hours per week, typically working 10 hours per day Monday through Thursday, and taking a three-day weekend. Lee works a ______ workweek

compressed

In equity theory, a worker's contribution to the organization is referred to as his or her _______, while rewards offered by the organization are referred to as _______.

inputs; outputs

Ann works as a receptionist for a large company. Since the job is fairly repetitive, Ann gets bored easily. Her company recently offered Ann the opportunity to rotate to other departments in administrative jobs so she can learn new skills related to the other departments. This is an example of .

job rotation

Vroom's expectancy theory states that ______.

motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it

An assumption about people made by a Theory Y manager is that people ______.

naturally like to work

An assumption made by a Theory X manager about people is that ______.

people have little ambition

According to Herzberg, which of the following is a motivational factor?

recognition

According to Maslow, the difference between satisfied and unsatisfied needs is that ______.

unsatisfied needs continue to motivate

Job enlargement is a job design strategy ______.

where more tasks are added to a job

Job enrichment incorporates which three motivational factors into the design of the job?

Achievement Advancement Recognition

Reinforcement theory is associated with which of the following?

Behavior modification

theory states that employees look for fairness in the workplace as compared to others before deciding to perform.

Equity

Which theory states that goals act as motivators to focus employee efforts on achieving certain performance outcomes?

Goal-setting theory

Goal-setting theory assumes which three of the following? (Select all that apply)

Goals help employees develop consistent behavior patterns. Goals direct employee efforts toward an outcome. Goals act as motivators.

Based on Herzberg's theory, which element is a hygiene factor?

Job Security

Jack has elderly parents he needs to care for and he would like to cut his hours down to half-time. Which flexible scheduling strategy might work for Jack?

Job sharing

What three assumptions are made by a Theory Y manager about people?

People are motivated by a variety of rewards. People seek responsibility. People like to work.

According to Herzberg, which of the following is a motivational factor and is NOT a hygiene factor?

Recognition

How would a manager subscribing to Theory Z manage his or her employees?

The management style would be participative; managers and workers share responsibilities

According to Herzberg, which of the following accurately describes motivational factors?

The presence of motivational factors is likely to motivate employees to excel.

McGregor's humanistic view of management is called ..

Theory Y

_____ is a management philosophy that emphasizes employee participation in all aspects of company decision making.

Theory Z

True or false: According to the equity theory, each worker develops a personal input-output ratio to compare the his or her inputs with the outputs or rewards offered by the organization.

True

McGregor's traditional view of management is called Theory

X

Allowing workers to work full-time hours in fewer than five days is called ______.

a compressed workweek

Flextime can be described as ______.

a program that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times, provided that they are at work during a specified core period

The idea that managers can change employee behavior by administering consequences related to the employee's actions is called ______.

behavior modification