Intro to Business Management 1453 Final Exam

__________ and __________ are potential sources for communication errors, because knowledge, attitudes, and background act as filters. Encoding; noise Decoding; encoding Encoding; channel Decoding; channel Decoding; noise

Decoding; encoding

For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as which of the following types of innovation? Restructuring innovation Disruptive innovation Service innovation Reverse innovation Productive innovation

Disruptive innovation

Gail Griffith, manager of the finance division, distributes relevant information every day to all her employees, enabling them to make quality decisions. Gail is performing which of the following roles? Spokesperson Figurehead Disseminator Monitor Disturbance handler

Disseminator

If Ben is tense, nervous, depressed, and insecure, he would tend to be rated as low on which of the following factors? Openness to experience Conscientiousness Extroversion Emotional stability Agreeableness

Emotional stability

Operational plans and goals are those that focus on the outcomes that major divisions and departments must achieve in order for the organization to reach its overall goals. False True

False

Organizations that want to challenge their employees and stay competitive can easily be stress-free. False True

False

Organizing defines what to do while strategy defines how to do it. False True

False

People change starts with training everyone in the organization. True False

False

Personal power, innovation, and nurturing are consistently viewed as manager qualities rather than leader qualities. False True

False

Today's workers are younger than ever before. False True

False

__________ is necessary for communication to be considered two-way. Message Channel Feedback Circuit Noise

Feedback

Which of the following structures is most consistent with a strategy of stability? Functional structure Learning structure Team-based structure Organic structure Matrix structure

Functional structure

Which of the following workforce generation categories is characterized as ambitious but lacking loyalty to one organization? Baby boomers Teeny boppers Generation A Generation Y Generation X

Generation Y

Josephine would like to become part of an elite manager network at her company so she can get access to general and line management experience to help her succeed within the company. However, she learns that the manager network is made up exclusively of men. This demonstrates which of the following factors affecting women's careers? Glass wall Opaque ceiling Glass ceiling Opt-out trend Female advantage

Glass ceiling

Rachel is described by her colleagues as pragmatic, super-competitive, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded. She fits which of the following personality categories most closely? High feeling Moderate thinking Low Mach Low feeling High Mach

High Mach

Kim, a Japanese expatriate working in Denmark, tends to use communication primarily to build personal social relationships. She feels that relationships and trust are more important than business. Kim is surprised that her business associates in Denmark do not share the same views. Based on this information, Kim most likely grew up in which of the following types of culture? Low-context Assertive Human-oriented High-context Passive

High-context

Which of the following racial or ethnic categories currently represents the largest and fastest growing minority group? Native American Asian White Hispanic African American

Hispanic

Which of the following was a key finding in the Hawthorne studies? Human relations increased productivity. Higher temperatures reduced productivity. Stronger lighting increased productivity. Productivity increased with autocratic leadership. More money resulted in increased productivity.

Human relations increased productivity.

From the 1950s until today, which of the following management perspectives has remained the most prevalent? Systems Quantitative Humanistic Scientific management Qualitative

Humanistic

__________ means being unpretentious and modest rather than arrogant and prideful. Egotism Humility Assurance Altruism Reserved

Humility

Which of the following is NOT a dividend of workplace diversity? Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits Increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits Increased understanding of the marketplace Enhanced quality of team problem solving Better use of employee talent

Increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits

Colleen Farney at TeleTech shows vast knowledge, intelligence, cognitive ability, and keen decisiveness. Which of the following personal characteristics of leadership is she showing? Social background Personality Physical characteristics Intelligence and ability Social characteristics

Intelligence and ability

Frank regretfully missed an important deadline at work. His boss, George, thinks to himself, "Frank missed that deadline because he is lazy; I really need to crack down on him more." This is an example of which of the following kinds of attribution? Skewed attribution Internal attribution Horizontal attribution Vertical attribution External attribution

Internal attribution

Molly Madison received "The Employee of the Month" award at Internal Workings Remodeling Service in April. Molly would be considered a part of which of the following for Internal Workings? Task environment General environment Internal environment Economic environment Legal-political environment

Internal environment

Executives at One World Advertising have learned that it is necessary to establish strong personal relationships and emotional bonds with Chinese business partners. This relates most closely to which of the following dimensions of the general business environment? Natural Internal Legal/Political Sociocultural International

International

Roadtec Tire Company has a corporate culture that emphasizes an internal focus on the involvement and participation of employees, placing high value on meeting the needs of employees. The company is known for its caring, family-like atmosphere. Which of the following types of corporate culture does Roadtec possess? Matrix culture Achievement culture Involvement culture Adaptability culture Consistency culture

Involvement culture

Which of the following is not a criticism of scientific management? It does not appreciate the higher needs of workers. It does not appreciate the social context of work. It tends to regard workers as uninformed and ignores their ideas and suggestions. It does not acknowledge variance among individuals. It does not appreciate the careful study of tasks and jobs.

It does not appreciate the careful study of tasks and jobs.

Communication can break down if sender and receiver do not encode or decode language in the same way. True False

True

The management science perspective emerged after World War II to treat problems associated with: employee involvement. modern global warfare. Germany. environmental issues. improving manufacturing.

modern global warfare.

The __________ delineates the chain of command, indicates departmental tasks and how they fit together, and provides order and logic for the organization. employee directory administrative chart structural table organizational chart management chart

organizational chart

For a widget manufacturing company, worker-hours per widget is a measure of: organizational structure. organizational assets. organizational performance. organizational effectiveness. organizational efficiency.

organizational efficiency.

The maquiladora industry along the Texas-Mexico border on the Mexico side uses cheap labor for assembling products. This lowers the price for U.S. consumers and is an example of: franchising. a greenfield venture. joint venture. licensing. outsourcing.

outsourcing.

The __________ approach is the most appropriate when users have the power to resist the proposed change. coercion participation negotiation education top management support

participation

Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills. Through this effort, the organization is attempting: artifact change. people change. organization development. culture change. organization change.

people change.

When managers base decisions on what has worked in the past and fail to explore new options, they are: perpetuating the status quo. being overconfident. being influenced by emotions. seeing what they want to see. justifying past decisions.

perpetuating the status quo.

The __________ model closely resembles the real environment in which most managers and decision-makers operate. political descriptive classical normative administrative

political

A foreign terrorist kidnaps your firm's marketing vice president while the vice president is in the host country. This is a harsh example of: infrastructure. political risk. international law. social risk. economic development.

political risk.

The relationship between social responsibility and financial performance has been shown to be: a reflection of top leadership. negative. not important. positive. nonexistent.

positive.

All of the following are advantages of a divisional structure, EXCEPT: development of general management skills. high concern for customers' needs. emphasis on overall product and division goals. there is little duplication of services across divisions. fast response, flexibility in an unstable environment.

there is little duplication of services across divisions.

Corporate culture plays a key role in creating an organizational climate that enables learning and innovative responses to threats from the external environment, challenging new opportunities, or organizational crises. False True

True

Economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current generation while preserving the environment and society so that future generations can meet their needs as well refers to sustainability. ​ True False

True

Economic responsibility, carried to the extreme, is called the profit-maximizing view. False True

True

Face-to-face discussion is the richest channel, in terms of channel richness. False True

True

Finding the right people to apply new information technology for e-business is a current strategic issue of particular concern for HR managers. True False

True

Forms of nonverbal communication include blushing, perspiring, glancing, crying, and laughing. True False

True

Good intuitive decision making is based on an ability to recognize patterns at lightning speed. False True

True

Hiring and keeping high-quality employees with the right set of skills is one of the most urgent concerns for today's organizations. True False

True

If Renee, manager at Leak Free Roofing, wanted to develop a contingency plan for Leak Free, she would need to look at factors such as new equipment, the economy, and the company workers' compensation cases. True False

True

In the quadrants of organizational performance and culture, Quadrant A represents organizations that are focused primarily on bottom-line results and pay little attention to organizational values. True False

True

Job rotation systematically moves employees from one job to another, thereby increasing the number of different tasks an employee performs without increasing the complexity of any one job. False True

True

Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be: rightsized. ambidextrous. intra-focused. compliant. cordial.

ambidextrous.

Channel richness refers to the: number of channels available at any one time. amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode. number of messages a channel can carry at one time. speed at which messages can be carried. profitability potential of a proposed channel.

amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode.

A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors have been deemed undesirable because of the potentially negative ethical consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong, is considered: discretionary responsibility. a social responsibility. an ethical standard. an ethical dilemma. a moral agent.

an ethical dilemma.

Pizza Deluxe University is an in-house center and education facility that offers broad-based learning opportunities for employees. Pizza Deluxe University would be considered a(n): corporate university. learning community. orientation center. assessment center. on-the-job training center.

corporate university.

All of the following are examples of special interest groups, EXCEPT: political action committees. courts. trade associations. professional associations. consumerists.

courts.

Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n): experimental organization. disruptive organization. cooperative organization. entrepreneurial organization. creative organization.

creative organization.

Used widely by Indian companies, __________ refers to an innovation mind-set that strives to meet customers' immediate needs quickly and inexpensively. kaizen organizational development bureaucracy benchmarking jugaad

jugaad

Peter has the ability to convince others to work toward the attainment of goals. This ability is known as: leadership. motivation. a conceptual skill. commitment. a personal agenda.

leadership.

Ian does not have much of a relationship with his subordinates. They feel obligated to do as he says because he's the boss. This is an example of: expert power. coercive power. referent power. reward power. legitimate power.

legitimate power.

Sexual harassment in the workplace is a violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. True False

True

The basic management functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling are the same whether a company operates domestically or internationally. False True

True

The choice of a communication channel can convey a symbolic meaning to the receiver. False True

True

The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change. True False

True

Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation. True False

True

Restraining forces can be thought of as problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change within the organization. False True

False

Social media does not include blogs and wikis. False True

False

Solicitation with the promise of reward is the highest level of sexual harassment. True False

False

Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams. False True

False

The CEO of Andre's Autos, Inc. must do all of the planning for the company because that is the way to do things in today's workplace. False True

False

The behavioral style is often adopted by managers who like to consider complex solutions based on as much data as they can gather. False True

False

The consistency culture has an external focus and a consistency orientation for a dynamic environment. False True

False

The essence of formulating strategy is choosing how the organization will conform to become like its key competitors in the industry. True False

False

Types of information generally communicated upward include performance reports, suggestions for improvement, and performance feedback. True False

False

When an organization uses a differentiation strategy, it strives for internal efficiency. True False

False

Which of the following strategies involves rewarding an employee's innovation? Liquidation Focus Differentiation Cost leadership Internal growth

Differentiation

The humanistic perspective contains three subfields: scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and administrative principles. True False

False

How many nations signed on for negotiation when GATT was created in 1947? 28 15 57 23 40

23

The individual performer is a generalist and coordinates a broad range of activities. True False

False

The last step in getting organized is to empty your head. False True

False

The trend in recent years has been toward narrower spans of control as a way to facilitate delegation. True False

False

Which of the following structures works best in an uncertain organizational environment? A functional structure A mechanistic structure A horizontal structure A vertical structure A tight structure

A horizontal structure

Which of the following responsibilities is purely voluntary and is guided by a company's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, law, or ethics? Ethical Economic Discretionary Legal Stakeholder

Discretionary

What percent of the details passed through a grapevine is accurate? 15 to 20 percent 25 to 35 percent 40 to 60 percent 70 to 90 percent 100 percent

70 to 90 percent

A recent poll found that over _____ percent of people surveyed say corporate America's moral compass is pointing in the wrong direction. 10 95 75 30 50

75

What percentage of a manager's time is spent in direct communication? 50 percent 40 percent 100 percent 20 percent 80 percent

80 percent

The recommended management style from the Leadership Grid is: 5,5. 1,9. 1,1. 9,9. 9,1.

9,9.

Your company is interested in producing and marketing a line of coffee that will penetrate the Chinese market. Your firm is willing to supply the equipment, products, product ingredients, trademark and trade name rights, managerial advice, and standardized operating system to entrepreneurs. Which of the following types of strategy are you going to use? Wholly owned foreign affiliate A franchise An export agreement A greenfield venture agreement Barter trade

A franchise

Trend management is looking at trends and discontinuities and imagining possible alternative futures. True False

False

Marion is a great manager and has a number of special skills. In particular, Marion has the ability to get his subordinates to do more than would be normally expected. Which of the following best describes Marion? People-oriented leader Charismatic leader Production-oriented leader Transactional leader Supportive leader

Charismatic leader

Which of the following created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission? Americans with Disabilities Act Civil Rights Act Vocational Rehabilitation Act Immigration Reform and Control Act Equal Pay Act

Civil Rights Act

Sandbox Sally's, Inc. is making some changes to the work schedules of its employees. Some of the employees are not happy with the changes. As their manager, Harry tells them that they can accept it or leave. Which of the following approaches to change implementation is Harry using? Coercion Negotiation Education Top management support Participation

Coercion

Beth, a middle manager at Heather's Handbags, uses threats and punishments to influence the behavior of her subordinates. Which of the following sources of power is Beth relying on? Referent power Personal power Coercive power Expert power Reward power

Coercive power

When trying to overcome resistance to change, which of the following approaches is best suited when change is technical? Communication Negotiation Top management support Participation Coercion

Communication

Which of the following is NOT a need proposed by Maslow in his hierarchy of needs theory? Compensation needs Esteem needs Safety needs Physiological needs Self-actualization needs

Compensation needs

Which of the following countries possesses a high degree of assertiveness? Switzerland Sweden Iceland Japan Spain

Spain

The early research on leadership traits was referred to as the: situational theory of leadership. behavioral approach. contingency theory of leadership. "great man" approach. path-goal theory of leadership.

"great man" approach.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model? Addresses the entire system Learning for the small group Results in incremental change Gradual time frame Limited distribution

Addresses the entire system

Genex Dynamics is a ballistics company that uses the unity of command, scalar chain, and division of work principles. These are part of which of the following management approaches? Bureaucratic approach Behavioral sciences approach Administrative principles approach Humanistic approach Scientific management approach

Administrative principles approach

Jay is a trusting and forgiving individual who gets along with others because of being good-natured and cooperative. This describes which of the following Big Five personality factors? Emotional stability Conscientiousness Openness to experience Agreeableness Extroversion

Agreeableness

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? An inventor An idea champion A sponsor An idea incubator A new-venture team

An idea incubator

Which of the following is sometimes called negative reinforcement? Neutral learning Punishment Positive reinforcement Extinction Avoidance learning

Avoidance learning

The Forestville Freeze is regionally known for its employee training programs. Managers at the Freeze conduct research to determine the best candidate interviewing techniques. This involves the use of which of the following management approaches? Humanistic approach Behavioral sciences approach Scientific management approach Administrative principles approach Bureaucratic approach

Behavioral sciences approach

Finance managers at Big Bend Inc. made a financial blunder when they solely looked at the previous year's sales to estimate sales for the coming year. Of which of the following management biases is this an example? Perpetuating the status quo Seeing what you want to see Being influenced by emotions Being influenced by initial impressions Justifying past decisions

Being influenced by initial impressions

Digitec Company has recently decided to design and manufacture a laptop that retails for under $50, in an effort to make information technology available to people in places like rural Africa and rural India. This is known as which of the following types of strategy? Top of the peak strategy Bottom of the pyramid strategy Cream of the crop strategy Base price strategy Skimming the barrel strategy

Bottom of the pyramid strategy

Which of the following roles is assumed by people and/or departments that link and coordinate the organization with key elements in the external environment? Liaison Disturbance handler Figurehead Boundary spanning Leader

Boundary spanning

Which of the following defines a technique that uses a face-to-face group to spontaneously suggest a broad range of alternatives for decision making? Point-counterpoint Brainwriting Devil's advocate Groupthink Brainstorming

Brainstorming

Which of the following comprises the lowest channel richness? Face-to-face talk E-mail Telephone Memos Bulletins

Bulletins

Which of the following types of culture values and rewards a methodical, rational, and orderly way of doing things? Accomplishment culture Involvement culture Adaptability culture Consistency culture Achievement culture

Consistency culture

__________ plays a key role in creating an organizational climate that enables learning and innovative responses to threats from the external environment, challenging new opportunities, or organizational crises. Employee training Corporate culture Competitive intelligence Vision statement Mission statement

Corporate culture

One of the questions that human resource planning should consider includes: "What is the profit margin and inventory turnover rate?" True False

False

Jay, a divisional vice president of a consumer goods manufacturer, gives a presentation to all divisional employees to outline the company's goals for the coming year. This is an example of which of the following types of organizational communication? Downward communication Virtual communication Lateral communication Upward communication Grapevine communication

Downward communication

Which of the following is the most familiar and obvious flow of formal communication? Vertical communication Downward communication Upward communication Gossip Horizontal communication

Downward communication

The __________ involves whether putting effort into a task will lead to high performance. E → P expectancy V → P expectancy A → Z expectancy O → V expectancy P → O expectancy

E → P expectancy

Jenna composes an e-mail from home to her boss to inform him that she will be late getting to work that day. The act of composing an e-mail involves which of the following stages of the communication process? Sifting through noise Providing feedback Selecting a channel Decoding the message Encoding the message

Encoding the message

Which of the following is NOT one of Schmidt's five leadership precepts? Let employees own the problems. Have employees' performance reviewed by respected others. Ensure the integrity of the hierarchy. Create new ways to reward high performers. Get to know your employees.

Ensure the integrity of the hierarchy.

Nelson is motivated by a strong need for recognition and is continually seeking credit for his contributions to the organization. According to Maslow, Nelson is motivated by which category of needs? Safety Esteem Physiological Self-actualization Belongingness

Esteem

Genna is collecting data on how well the organization has done since its new strategy was implemented. She is in which of the following stages of the managerial decision-making process? Selection of desired alternative Recognition of decision requirement Implementation of chosen alternative Development of alternatives Evaluation and feedback

Evaluation and feedback

Louise, a top-level manager at INF Inc., has the difficult task of informing 12 employees that they are about to be laid off. Which communication channel should Louise use to break the news? E-mail Face-to-face Handwritten letter Telephone Instant messaging

Face-to-face

A criticism of human relations management is that it ignores the social context of work and higher needs of workers. False True

False

A low-context culture is a culture in which communication is used primarily to enhance personal relationships. False True

False

Affirmative action requires that an employer take positive steps to guarantee promotion from within. False True

False

Although developed by a Japanese business manager, the quality movement is strongly associated with American companies. False True

False

Aspects of both functional and divisional structures simultaneously in the same part of the organization are combined in the virtual network approach. True False

False

Executives acquire information about external opportunities and strengths from a variety of reports, including budgets, financial ratios, profit and loss statements, and surveys of employee attitudes and satisfaction. True False

False

Formulating in your mind what you are going to say next is an important part of effective listening. False True

False

Free choice lies between the domains of codified law and ethics. True False

False

Gain sharing rewards employees with part ownership of the organization based on achieving performance goals. False True

False

In the quadrants of organizational performance and culture, companies in Quadrant A represent the high-performance culture. False True

False

In today's business environment, most companies operate in a stable and rigid environment. False True

False

Influence means that the relationship among people is passive. False True

False

Job enlargement is a job design that incorporates achievement, recognition, and other high-level motivators into the work. False True

False

Legitimate, reward, and expert powers are all forms of position power. True False

False

Locus of control refers to an individual's belief that he or she can successfully accomplish a specific task or outcome. True False

False

Low Machs are particularly good in jobs that require bargaining skills or that involve substantial rewards for winning. True False

False

Managers spend 80 percent of every working day doing desk work. False True

False

Managers will frequently look for new information that contradicts their instincts or original point of view. True False

False

One of the biggest benefits of planning is that, in turbulent environments, plans create greater organizational flexibility. False True

False

Which of the following is true about the cash cow? It has a small market share in a slow-growth industry. It generates tremendous profits in a rapidly growing industry. It has a large market share in a slow-growth industry. It is generally a dead business that should be divested. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry.

It has a large market share in a slow-growth industry.

__________ refers to a positive attitude toward one's job. Cognitive dissonance Organizational commitment Job involvement Job satisfaction Organizational citizenship

Job satisfaction

In the current external business environment, which of the following is true? Mergers are declining. Joint ventures are on the rise. Companies are more adversarial than ever before. Corporate culture defines success. The business environment is static.

Joint ventures are on the rise.

__________ schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line. Just-in-time inventory systems LIFO systems Last-in, last-out systems First-in, first-out systems Mass customization systems

Just-in-time inventory systems

Ally's Applesauce is in the process of hiring 60 new workers. The personnel department has a large pool of unskilled labor to draw from due to the high unemployment rate in the local area. Which of the following dimensions of the external environment is involved here? Competitors Sociocultural Legal-political Technological Labor market

Labor market

After every quarterly board meeting, Bernice's Bracelets, Inc. announces big changes. It usually does not follow through on these changes. Which of the following is causing this lack of enthusiasm? Self-interest Competitors Disagreements about benefits Lack of understanding and trust Different goals and assessments

Lack of understanding and trust

Focusing manager and employee efforts on activities that will lead to goal attainment is a benefit of what management method? Management-by-objectives Contingency planning Single-use planning Management by walking around Tactical planning

Management-by-objectives

Which of the following is a characteristic of a traditional management approach? Managers encourage conversation and collaboration. Managers constantly mobilize for change. Managers supervise team members' tasks. Managers lead and empower teams. Managers play the role of an enabler.

Managers supervise team members' tasks.

Which of the following typically is NOT considered a staff department? Accounting Manufacturing Strategic planning Human resources Research and development

Manufacturing

Swift Move Facilities manufacturers two different bicycle models. The company produces a high volume of products using standardized production runs. The company does very little product customization. Swift Move uses which of the following types of technology structure? Small-batch production Continuous process production Mass production Large-batch production Service production

Mass production

The profit-maximizing view of economic responsibility is advocated by: Warren Buffett. Milton Friedman. Donald Trump. Arthur Anderson. Steve Jobs.

Milton Friedman.

Which of the following refers to the arousal, direction, and persistence of behavior? Satisfaction Commitment Motivation Rewarding behavior Behavior modification

Motivation

Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. Which of the following approaches to change is Trudy's using? Negotiation Participation Education Coercion Top management support

Negotiation

According to Fast Company, in 2013, __________ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company. Apple Procter & Gamble Pinterest Nike Target

Nike

_________ includes all elements existing outside the boundary of the organization that have the potential to affect the organization. Organizational environment Task environment Technological environment General environment Internal environment

Organizational environment

_________ includes all elements existing outside the boundary of the organization that have the potential to affect the organization. Technological environment Organizational environment Internal environment General environment Task environment

Organizational environment

Of the strategic management functions, which of the following is considered the most fundamental? Planning Controlling Analyzing Leading Executing

Planning

Which of the following means that an organization accommodates several subcultures? Pluralism Monoculturalism Ethnocentrism Ethnorelativism Geocentricism

Pluralism

A.R.C. is a large nonprofit humanitarian aid organization that has been forced to pull out of several African markets in recent years due to civil wars and large-scale violence. This demonstrates which of the following frequently cited problems for international companies? Political risk Communist governments Economic instability Political instability Financial risk

Political instability

Selina is meeting with her subordinate Mike for his annual performance review. At the end of the review, Mike tells Selina that he is confused about some things she said. By asking Selina to explain certain things in more detail, Mike is engaging in which of the following components of the communication process? Selecting a channel Providing feedback Sifting through noise Encoding the message Decoding the message

Providing feedback

One of your fellow students is continually late to class. The professor has tried numerous verbal warnings and recently took points away from the student's grade. Based on the above, the professor's actions are consistent with which of the following reinforcement techniques? Rewards enhancement Avoidance learning Punishment Positive reinforcement Negative reinforcement

Punishment

Terry manages a food distribution company that is highly focused on creating a strong cohesive culture, but the company does not tie organizational values directly to goals and desired business results. Terry's company most likely falls into which of the following quadrants of organizational performance and culture? Quadrant B Quadrant D Quadrant E Quadrant A Quadrant C

Quadrant D

Within his role as a financial accountant, Roger uses the capital asset pricing model and other mathematical tools to help clients keep track of their finances. Which of the following perspectives or approaches does Roger apply the most at his work? Behavioral science approach Scientific management approach Quantitative perspective Qualitative perspective Humanistic approach

Quantitative perspective

Shirley works in the human resource department at Turtle Shells, Inc. She believes she is seeing an increase in drinking problems among the workforce. She thinks she needs to investigate further. She is at which of the following stages of the managerial decision-making process? Evaluation and feedback Recognition of decision requirement Development of alternatives Selection of desired alternative Diagnosis and analysis of causes

Recognition of decision requirement

Smileline Inc. has an onsite daycare facility and provides employees full-time daycare at a very low cost. The company implemented this years ago when managers realized that childcare responsibilities were contributing to high turnover and absenteeism. This example highlights which of the following dividends of workplace diversity? Better use of employee talent Increased understanding of the marketplace Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits Increased quality of team problem solving Enhanced breadth of understanding in leadership positions

Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits

Which of the following theories places an emphasis on behavior and its consequences? Reinforcement theory Needs hierarchy theory Two-factor theory ERG theory Equity theory

Reinforcement theory

Rebecca works for a company that has clearly defined lines of authority. Each employee knows that he or she has authority and responsibility for a distinct set of tasks. Employees are also aware of the company's reporting structure as well as successive management levels all the way to the top. Rebecca's company follows which of the following principles? Unity of command principle Responsibility principle Specialization principle Authority principle Scalar principle

Scalar principle

From where does the information about opportunities and threats come? Scanning the external environments A department-by-department study of the organization Financial ratios of the organization An analysis of the organization's internal environment Employee grievances

Scanning the external environments

Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within its organization. Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. Which of the following barriers to change are they exhibiting? Self-interest Different assessments and goals Disagreements about benefits Lack of understanding and trust Uncertainty

Self-interest

Blaming the teacher for a poor grade on an exam and taking credit for good grades could be an example of which of the following? Self-serving bias Stereotyping Perceptual grouping Closure activity Perceptual distortion

Self-serving bias

__________-type people, according to Jung, would rather work with known facts and hard data and prefer routine and order in gathering information. Feeling Affective Sensation Intuitive Gut-feel

Sensation

Maliah bases her judgments on impersonal analysis. To resolve problems at work, she uses reason and logic rather than personal values or emotional aspects of the situation. In gathering information, Maliah prefers routine and order. Based on this information, Maliah ranks highly in which of the following Myers-Briggs categories? Sensation-Thinking Intuitive-Thinking Judging-Perceiving Intuitive-Feeling Sensation-Feeling

Sensation-Thinking

__________ is characterized by intangible outputs. Mass production Service technology Continuous process production Large-batch production Small-batch production

Service technology

Daisy tried to apply the job characteristics model to her workforce, but it only worked for some of her employees. Which of the following may be a reason why it did not work for everyone? All of her employees have high growth-needs. Some of her employees have low affiliation needs. Some of her employees are lazy. Some of her employees are low in growth-need strength. Some of her employees have a low need for power.

Some of her employees are low in growth-need strength.

GreenTech Candies is a U.S.-based company that manufactures and distributes candy bars and snack foods globally. The company sources most of its cocoa and sugar from South American companies. This business relationship highlights which of the following dimensions of the task environment? Culture Labor market Suppliers Customers Competitors

Suppliers

Which of the following countries possesses a high performance orientation? Russia Venezuela Taiwan Sweden Israel

Taiwan

Riley is a manager at the Tinker Tools. She is expected to make decisions that are in the organization's best economic interests. Her decisions should be based on which of the following models? The scientific management model of decision making The administrative model of decision making The classical model of decision making The humanistic model of decision making The garbage can model of decision making

The classical model of decision making

The planning process begins with which of the following? The development of a mission statement The development of operational goals Communication of goals to the rest of the organization Brainstorming A company-wide meeting

The development of a mission statement

Recently, Beagle Boutique was attempting to hire a middle manager. It was looking for an intelligent, confident, and honest individual. Which approach to leadership was Beagle using? The situational approach The contingency approach The behavioral approach The trait approach The substitute approach

The trait approach

Hopetech Industries has a corporate diversity plan that limits diversity to areas that do not change throughout a person's lifetime, such as race, gender, age, and physical ability. Hopetech's diversity plan follows which of the following models of corporate diversity? Static model Learning model Traditional model Inclusive model Exclusive model

Traditional model

Andy's subordinates say that they love working for Andy because he inspires them to not only believe in the organization but also to believe in their own potential. Andy can best be described as which of the following types of leader? Transformational Transactional Interactive Authentic Servant

Transformational

A desired future circumstance or condition that the organization attempts to realize is a goal. True False

True

A formal communication channel flows within the chain of command or task responsibility defined by the organization. False True

True

A grapevine is a type of personal channel used in many organizations. False True

True

A manager forwards information to other organization members in the disseminator role. True False

True

A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion. False True

True

A transformational leader is a leader distinguished by a special ability to bring about innovation and change. False True

True

According to expectancy theory, for an employee to be highly motivated, E → P expectancy and valence must be maximized. False True

True

According to the GLOBE Project, gender differentiation refers to the extent to which a society maximizes gender role differences. True False

True

An emotion can be thought of as a mental state that arises spontaneously within a person based on interaction with the environment rather than through conscious effort and is often accompanied by physiological changes or sensations. False True

True

An idea incubator is an in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics. True False

True

Business has become a unified, global field as trade barriers fall, communication becomes faster and cheaper, and consumer tastes converge. True False

True

Labor market forces affecting organizations right now include the growing need for computer-literate knowledge workers and the necessity for continuous investment in human resources through recruitment, education, and training. True False

True

Managers facilitate strategic conversations by using open communication, actively listening to others, asking questions, and using feedback for learning and change. True False

True

Managers who motivate employees by tapping into their self-doubts are using an intrinsic negative approach. False True

True

Motivation is the arousal of enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action. True False

True

Organization development is a specific set of management techniques based in the behavioral science approach. False True

True

Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization. True False

True

Physiological needs are the most basic human physical needs, which are reflected in the workplace as needs for adequate heat, air, and base salary to ensure survival. False True

True

Prevention and preparation are the two stages of crisis management. True False

True

Principle-based statements define fundamental values and contain general language about company responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees. True False

True

Procedural justice holds that rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced. True False

True

Procedures and practices are downward communication topics that define the organization's rules, regulations, benefits, and structural arrangements. False True

True

Process theories explain how people select behavioral actions to meet their needs and determine whether their choices were successful. True False

True

Recruiters are now viewing the profiles and pictures of candidates on social networking sites such as Facebook. False True

True

Recruiting activities can be divided into (1) internal recruiting including "promote-from-within" policies and (2) external recruiting including the use of headhunters. True False

True

Research has shown that strategic thinking and planning positively affect a firm's performance and financial success. False True

True

Risk propensity refers to the willingness to undertake risk with the opportunity of gaining an increased payoff. False True

True

Routine messages tend to be simple and straightforward, such as conveying data or statistics. True False

True

Service firms include banks, hotels, and law firms. False True

True

Some companies hire competitive intelligence professionals to scan the external environment and provide data and research on relevant domestic and global trends. True False

True

Teresa is highly imaginative and an artistically sensitive individual who displays a high degree of creativity. According to the Big Five personality factors, these qualities describe her openness to experience. False True

True

The ability to connect to others, build positive relationships, respond to the emotions of others, and influence others is referred to as relationship management. True False

True

The cultural leader articulates a vision for the organizational culture that employees can believe in. False True

True

The distinctive feature of the project manager position is that the person is not a member of one of the departments begin coordinated. True False

True

The field of management that specializes in the physical production of goods or services refers to operations management. False True

True

The framework in which the organization defines how tasks are divided, resources are deployed, and departments are coordinated is called organizational structure. True False

True

The rise of virtual work has led to a decline in organizational hierarchies. False True

True

The social value of uncertainty avoidance is evident in countries like Greece, which supports beliefs that promise certainty and conformity among its citizenry. False True

True

The task environment sectors are the most relevant to strategic behavior and include the behavior of competitors, customers, suppliers, and the labor supply. False True

True

The task-oriented leader, according to Fiedler, excels in the favorable situation, whereas relationship-oriented leaders are most effective in situations of moderate favorability. True False

True

Three distinguishing personal characteristics associated with successful leaders are intelligence, honesty, and self-confidence. False True

True

Seeking positions of power and responsibility, Chandra has rapidly moved up the ranks within her organization. Colleagues describe her as someone with a tremendous amount of energy and a powerful force for leadership within the organization. Based on this description, Chandra has which of the following types of personality? Type X Type B Type A Type Y Type C

Type A

Which of the following means that managers do not have sufficient information about environmental factors to understand and predict environmental needs and changes? Risk Knowledge Adaptation Uncertainty Education

Uncertainty

One of Ruby's few flaws is that she does not consider possibilities beyond what she is told, accepting her supervisor's ideas without thinking. She can best be described as which of the following types of thinker? Transformational Critical Uncritical Servant Transactional

Uncritical

Jefferson and Squire is an advertising firm that is viewed as having a fast-paced and posh corporate culture. The company uses bold coloring with expensive accents in all office décor. This exemplifies which of the following levels of corporate culture? Ceremonies Expressed values Visible artifacts Heroes Underlying assumptions

Visible artifacts

Which of the following has a goal to guide the nations of the world toward free trade and open markets? EU NAFTA GLOBE WTO GATT

WTO

Which of the following is inappropriate to ask on an employment application? If the applicant is over 18 Whether the applicant has any disabilities that might inhibit job performance Where the applicant went to school What the applicant's ancestry/ethnicity is If the applicant has ever been convicted of a crime

What the applicant's ancestry/ethnicity is

Which of the following employee behaviors matches with the conventional level of personal moral development? Empowered employees Full participation Work group collaboration Act in own interest Task accomplishment

Work group collaboration

Go RVing, a U.S. company, built a subsidiary from scratch in England. This is an example of: a joint venture. a greenfield venture. franchising. exporting. licensing.

a greenfield venture.

Bierderlack has a policy that states that more than three absences in a six-month period shall result in a suspension. Colleen, the manager, has just decided to suspend one of her shift employees for violating this policy. This is an example of: a nonprogrammed decision. a programmed decision. an insignificant decision. a personal grudge. poor management.

a programmed decision.

Traits of __________ seem to be particularly important in today's collaborative organizations. sociability likability openness friendliness agreeableness

agreeableness

Strategic conversations include: asking questions. personal networks. social media. influencing employee behavior. directing attention to values.

asking questions.

The __________ leadership style matches with the preconventional level of personal moral development. guiding/encouraging autocratic transforming servant leadership team-oriented

autocratic

Managers with a(n) __________ style may make decisions that help others achieve their goals. directive behavioral classical conceptual analytical

behavioral

Since not-for-profit organizations do not have a conventional __________, managers may struggle with the question of what constitutes results and effectiveness. decision-making process hierarchy structure information system bottom line

bottom line

Most executives now believe that important information flows from the: top down. horizontal level to the diagonal level. diagonal level. bottom up. internal to the external.

bottom up.

Roberta is a top-level executive at a banking institution. She spends a significant part of her day meeting with local government officials, everyday consumers, and federal banking officials to address key issues in the banking industry. Roberta's role can best be described as: external. adaptive. interorganizational. boundary spanning. internal.

boundary spanning.

Tool Techies, Inc. uses phone surveys of customers to gather information about service and quality. This is an example of the management function of: controlling. planning. organizing. technical skills. conceptual skills.

controlling.

When a group of workers have routine tasks to perform, a __________ communication structure allows more time for the task to be completed. decentralized gossip centralized team linear

centralized

Matthew is Mandy's supervisor. He promises to fire her if she does not engage in sexual activity with him. This type of sexual harassment would be categorized as: positional authority. solicitation with promise of reward. generalized. appropriate. coercion with threat of punishment.

coercion with threat of punishment.

Researchers at Ohio State University identified two major behaviors called: commitment and initiation. initiating structure and commitment. consideration and concern for people. commitment and consideration. consideration and initiating structure.

consideration and initiating structure.

When top executives work with managers in major divisions or departments to develop their own goals and plans, it is known as __________ planning. crisis focus decentralized competitive interdepartmental

decentralized

Examples of nonprogrammed decisions would include the decision to: fill a position. develop a new product or service. reorder supplies. terminate an employee for violation of company rules. perform routine maintenance on one of the machines in manufacturing.

develop a new product or service.

Stephanie works in one of seven research and development departments at Tara's Terrace, Inc. This would suggest that Tara's Terrace has a: matrix structure. functional structure. high degree of centralization. divisional structure. wide span of control.

divisional structure.

The functional, __________, and __________ are traditional approaches that rely on the chain of command to define departmental groupings and reporting relationships along the hierarchy. matrix; networks teams; networks divisional; teams matrix; teams divisional; matrix

divisional; matrix

People with an external locus of control are: more achievement oriented. easier to manage. more independent. easier to motivate. better able to handle complex information and problem solving.

easier to manage.

The general environment dimension that includes consumer purchasing power, the unemployment rate, and interest rates is called the: sociocultural dimension. task dimension. legal-political dimension. technological dimension. economic dimension.

economic dimension.

The base of the corporate social responsibility pyramid is: personal responsibility. legal responsibility. discretionary responsibility. ethical responsibility. economic responsibility.

economic responsibility.

Jessica was recently praised by her supervisor for displaying superior customer service during an encounter with a problem customer. This is an example of organizational: efficiency. goal setting. structure. information processing. effectiveness.

effectiveness.

The degree to which an organization achieves a stated goal refers to: human skill. synergy. effectiveness. efficiency. conceptual skill.

effectiveness.

The delegation of power and authority to subordinates is referred to as: passing the buck. empowerment. need for achievement. need for power. need for affiliation.

empowerment.

The first step toward better time management is to: empty your head. defer some things to be done later. decide the first action. delegate as necessary. get organized.

empty your head.

To be effective communicators, managers should: limit use of communication technology. encourage the use of multiple channels of communication. focus primarily on enhancing downward communication in the organization. strictly push for face-to-face communication. enhance lateral communication opportunities by encouraging teams.

encourage the use of multiple channels of communication.

Carla's subordinates view her as a great manager. Not only does she get the job done, but she also organizes the workplace in such a way that employees experience a sense of meaningfulness, connection, and growth. This is an example of employee: apathy. empathy. pay-for-performance. engagement. delegation.

engagement.

The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a(n): customer service environment. low pressure environment. stable environment. environment that requires speed. manufacturing environment.

environment that requires speed.

The tendency of organizations to invest time and money in a solution despite strong evidence that is not appropriate is referred to as: team delay. collective intuition. escalating commitment. technological decisions. decision learning.

escalating commitment.

The level of corporate culture in which values are so deeply embedded that members are no longer consciously aware of them is: dress and office layout. slogans and ceremonies. expressed values and beliefs. invisible artifacts. explicit code of conduct.

expressed values and beliefs.

Jason has been unemployed for three months. When his wife asked him why he was not looking for a job, Jason responded, "If I am lucky, I will get my old job back." Jason would be considered as having a(n): external locus of control. internal locus of control. high conscientiousness. high Mach attitude. sensation and intuition type personality.

external locus of control.

Mingles, Inc. concentrates its efforts on its target market of 18- to 25-year-olds. It is using a(n) __________ strategy. focus multidomestic cost leadership differentiation universal

focus

An organization's decision to hire for an open position is in the domain of: codified law. free choice. compensatory justice. social responsibility. ethics.

free choice.

Organ Rentals Corporation has been having numerous problems. Communication across departments is poor and decisions are backing up at the top of the organization. Organ Rentals uses a __________ structure. team-based geographic matrix product functional

functional

Conolly Company uses internal recruiting whenever possible. This practice: gives employees an upper hand in negotiations. decreases employee satisfaction. generates increased employee commitment. demotivates existing employees given limited socializing opportunities. costs more than external recruiting.

generates increased employee commitment.

One of the management duties that managers like the least is: controlling activities. planning for future decisions. financial planning. networking. handling paperwork.

handling paperwork.

Research shows that __________ are predisposed to being pragmatic, capable of lying to achieve personal goals, more likely to win in win-lose situations, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded. high Machs low extroverted individuals high introverted individuals high authoritarians low Machs

high Machs

According to the Leadership Grid, __________ means the absence of a management philosophy, where managers exert little effort toward interpersonal relationships or work accomplishment. middle-of-the-road management impoverished management authority-compliance management low-road management solitary management

impoverished management

When everyone is pursuing self-direction, the greater good is ultimately served because people learn to accommodate each other in their own long-term interest. This is an example of the: justice approach. individualism approach. social responsibility. moral-justice approach. utilitarian approach.

individualism approach.

Upward communication is usually used to communicate information about all of the following, EXCEPT: financial and accounting information. performance reports. grievances and disputes. indoctrination. suggestions for improvement.

indoctrination.

It is often difficult to make decisions about subsystems because they are: interdependent. filled with employees. managed differently. independent. organizationally based.

interdependent.

The involvement culture emphasizes a(n) __________ focus on the participation of employees to adapt rapidly to changing needs from the environment. technological structural competitive external internal

internal

The management of business operations conducted in more than one country is called: global management. planning management. domestic management. outsourcing management. international management.

international management.

The management of business operations conducted in more than one country is called: outsourcing management. planning management. international management. global management. domestic management.

international management.

Sally enjoys her job as a teacher, not because of the pay or benefits, but because she feels good about shaping the minds of tomorrow's leaders. Sally is motivated by: intrinsic rewards. leadership factors. hygiene factors. extrinsic rewards. power factors.

intrinsic rewards.

The skills of __________ require receiving messages to accurately grasp facts and feelings to interpret the meaning of the message. reception communication telling managing listening

listening

About 75 percent of effective communication is: listening. choosing the channel. asking questions. telling. the ability to persuade.

listening.

All of the following are tactics for promoting stronger organizational commitment, EXCEPT: maintaining a secretive culture. giving employees a say in decisions. offering employees rewards that they value. treating employees fairly. being honest and trustworthy in business dealings.

maintaining a secretive culture.

All of the following are cultural dimensions as defined by the GLOBE Project, except: humane orientation. masculinity. assertiveness. gender differentiation. performance orientation.

masculinity.

Austria's cultural preference is for achievement, heroism, assertiveness, work centrality, and material success. This would be considered: masculinity. individualism. collectivism. power distance. ethnocentrism.

masculinity.

When two or more organizations combine to become one, it is referred to as a(n): mechanistic structure. joint venture. inorganic venture. flexible structure. merger.

merger.

"We respect our employees and value their diversity" is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organization's: strategic goals. tactical plans. strategic plans. tactical goals. mission.

mission.

When the USS Indianapolis sank after being torpedoed, one Navy pilot disobeyed orders and risked his life to save men who were being picked off by sharks. The Navy pilot was operating from the __________ level of moral development. conventional lowest preconventional postconventional conservative

postconventional

A high need for __________ is associated with successful attainment of top levels in the organizational hierarchy, according to McClelland. expertise achievement power success affiliation

power

Frank is primarily driven by a need to establish close social relationships with other people. Alderfer would say he is motivated by: existence needs. relatedness needs. physiological needs. growth needs. self-actualization needs.

relatedness needs.

Two leadership styles used by Fiedler in his contingency theory were: concern for people and concern for production. consideration and initiating structure. employee-centered and job-centered. employee-oriented and relations-oriented. relationship-oriented and task-oriented.

relationship-oriented and task-oriented.

Type A behavior is characterized by all of these, EXCEPT: extreme competitiveness. impatience. aggressiveness. relaxed lifestyle. devotion to work.

relaxed lifestyle.

Your grocery store in India is having trouble getting the local farmers to supply you with the proper produce. This is a problem with India's: infrastructure. power distance. economy. resource market. product market.

resource market.

All of the following are cognitive biases that can affect a manager's judgment, EXCEPT: perpetuating the status quo. seeing what you don't want to see. justifying past decisions. being influenced by initial impressions. overconfidence.

seeing what you don't want to see.

An individual's strong belief that he or she can successfully accomplish a specific task or outcome is referred to as: self-efficacy. cognitive dissonance. locus of control. self-confidence. perceptual selectivity.

self-efficacy.

"The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. "The Brain" can best be described as a: fast-cycle team. brainstorming team. skunkwork. cross-functional team. new-venture team.

skunkwork.

McDonald's "We Love to See You Smile" is an example of a: ceremony. ritual. symbol. slogan. political activity.

slogan.

Stephanie is nervous about giving a presentation at the marketing firm where she works. One of her male coworkers told her, "Don't be such a girl, attack that presentation!" Now Stephanie is so concerned about appearing tough that she can barely concentrate on the content of the presentation. Stephanie's anxiety stems from: stereotype threat. ethnocentrism. plurality. glass ceiling threat. the female advantage.

stereotype threat.

A __________ is a narrative based on true events that is repeated frequently and shared among organizational employees. symbol story culture hero slogan

story

A long-term time frame is most closely associated with: mission plans. tactical plans. tactical goals. operational plans. strategic plans.

strategic plans.

The plan of action that describes resource allocation and activities for dealing with the environment, achieving a competitive advantage, and attaining the organization's goals is known as a(n): mission. objective. goal. strategy. vision.

strategy.

Sarah is a middle manager at Stylin' Sneakers Corporation. She is most likely responsible for the achievement of __________ goals. tactical lower-level top-level operational strategic

tactical

Bobby, a product manager, wants to increase the market share of his product. He is unsure about how to go about it, not knowing for sure how costs, price, the competition, and the quality of his product will interact to influence market share. Bobby is operating under a condition of: risk. ambiguity. certainty. brainstorming. uncertainty.

uncertainty.

In the shift from an adversarial to a partnership orientation, an organization should: limit feedback and information. concentrate on price, efficiency, and profits. use lawsuits to resolve conflict. use long-term contracts. limit the business relationship to the contract.

use long-term contracts.

Caleb is a manager at Computer-Care Company. He is expected to consider the effect of each decision alternative on all parties and select the one that optimizes the satisfaction for the greatest number of people. This is an example of the: soft-line managerial approach. justice approach. individualism approach. utilitarian approach. moral-justice approach.

utilitarian approach.

Robbie's Robots decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down another. The decision was justified on the basis of what was best for the total corporation. This is an example of the: utilitarian approach. moral-justice approach. justice approach. illegal approach. individualism approach.

utilitarian approach.

At Rightway Industries, new hires spend a significant portion of their first week of training just walking around the factory, observing other workers and watching them get rewarded for doing their jobs well. This is an example of: delegation. self-efficacy. self-reinforcement. experiential learning. vicarious learning.

vicarious learning.

Walt works for a large company. Recently, his organization began to contract out such functions as training, engineering, and computer service. This approach is consistent with a __________ structure. team service divisional functional virtual network

virtual network

While interviews are __________, they are generally __________ predictors of subsequent job performance. widely used; not valid painful; excellent You Answered rarely used; not valid rarely used; excellent widely used; valid

widely used; not valid

According to the text, all of the following are ways managers can improve their writing skills, EXCEPT: writing clearly rather than impressively. getting a second opinion. writing lengthy explanations. knowing your point and getting to it. respecting the reader.

writing lengthy explanations.