introduction to animals crossword

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open

circulatory system in which blood empties into the body cavity to bathe tissues

yolk

part of an egg containing the food supply

pharyngeal pouches

outpockets of the anterior digestive tract that may develop into respiratory structures

lungs

respiratory structure that removes oxygen from the air

gills

respiratory structures that remove oxygen from water

closed

respiratory system in complex invertebrates and all vertebrates

anterior

end where the head is located

diploid

fertilization restores this chromosome numer

zygote

fertilized egg cell

notochord

flexible, dorsal rod of tissue in chordates that may become the backbone

coelom

fluid filled body cavity

three

number of tissue layers in more complex invertebrates and all vertebrates

endoskeleton

skeletal system in all vertebrates

specialization

adaptation of cells for different functions

multicellular

all animals are this because they are made of many cells

vertebrates

animals with a backbone

dorsal

back side

cephalization

concentration of sensory organs on the head end of an organism

indirect

development in which the animal goes through a larval stage

direct

development in which the young animal looks like that adult, only smaller

gut

digestive tract

kidneys

excretory structures in vertebrates to get rid of nitrogenous wastes

ventral

front side

endoderm

germ layer that forms the digestive tract

blastula

hollow ball cell stage of a developing zygote

ingestion

how animals take in food

integument

outer coverings of an animal

ectoderm

outer germ layer

mesoderm

middle germ layer that forms muscles

invertabrates

more than 95% of all animals are this

two

number of tissue layers in Cnidarians

hermaphrodite

organism that produces both sperm and egg

protostome

organisms whose first opening becomes the mouth

archenteron

primitive gut

segmentation

refers to a body composed of repeating units

exoskeleton

rigid outer covering in all arthropods

cleavage

series of rapid cell division following fertilization

neurons

specialized nerve cells

asymmetry

sponges have this symmetry

radial

symmetry where body parts are in circle arranged around a central axis

bilateral

symmetry where organisms have a right and left side

posterior

tail end of the organisms

germ layers

tissue layers

oxygen carbon dioxide

two gases exchanged in animals

fertilization

union of egg and sperm cells

ammonia

waste excreted by simple aquatic invertebrates

fluid

what fills the body cavity of many animals and aids in movement and support


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