Introduction to Management Exam #3 (ch. 6-8)

______ _________ is a systematized procedure for collecting and recording information about jobs within an organization.

Job analysis

_________ involves systematically moving employees from one job to another.

Job rotation

_______ is a formal assessment of how well employees are doing their jobs.

Performance appraisal

Management has selected what they think is the best technique to make a certain change at CommCorp. They are now working out the costs of this change, how it will affect the overall organization, and how best to roll it out to employees. Which step have they reached in the comprehensive approach to change?

Planning for implementation

Which of the following forces for change is present in the task environment of an organization?

Prices at which suppliers sell raw materials

_______ are new products, services, or technologies developed by an organization that completely replace the existing products, services, or technologies in an industry.

Radical innovations

Which of the following can help make the business change process more effective?

Starting the process with a new, clean slate.

A cafeteria benefits plan

allows employees to choose from a set of optional benefits.

Zen Electricals Inc. has internal experts who help executives learn about how others see them and improve their performance in the future. The company is using the organization development technique called

coaching and counseling

While matching human resource supply and demand, managers can handle predicted shortfalls by

convincing individuals who are approaching retirement to stay on.

Job _______ attempts to increase both the number of tasks a worker does and the control the worker has over the job.

enrichment

The normal process within an organization that leads to a system decline is known as

entropy

Alpha Motors Inc. was affected by the recession in 2008. The company had to make extensive changes to its organizational structure and design. This scenario illustrates how _______ forces lead management to make changes.

external

A force-field analysis identifies

factors that facilitate and hinder organization change.

The means by which a labor agreement is enforced is the

grievance procedure.

A(n) _________ represents a special compensation opportunity that is usually tied to performance.

incentive

According to the results of a classic study, employee participation

increases productivity and satisfaction.

The top executive at Delta Inc. have decided to reorganize the corporation from product divisions into geographic sectors. This is a(n) _______ force for change.

internal

The Civil Rights Act of 1991

makes it easier for employees to sue an organization for discrimination.

A job application blank should not contain questions about an applicant's

national origin.

Image LLC, an advertising company, has recently received several long-term projects from leading companies. Image has decided to switch from functional departmentalization to cross-functional work teams to be able to perform better. This is an example of change in the area of

organization structure and design.

An example of judgmental performance measure is

ranking.

ProDairy Inc. reduced the prices of its products to combat competitors that were selling dairy products at lower prices. This scenario illustrates a force for change present in the ________ of an organization.

task environment

According to the job characteristics approach, task identity is

the extent to which a worker does a complete portion of the total job.

Which approach by management is best for an effective reengineering process?

(wrong) Using micromanagement leadership techniques

The assessment center

(wrong) is used to select external candidates.

Managers can overcome resistance to change by

(wrong) letting employees know about the change only after it has been successfully implemented.

A ________ error occurs when the supervisor bases judgments on employee performance that is fresh in his or her mind.

(wrong) source monitoring

Gadgetbug Inc. manufactures home appliances. All the decisions are made by the top managers at the company. The middle and lower managers follow the instructions given by top managers rather than making decisions by themselves. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?

Centralization

S&L Computer services has separate divisions to focus on the needs of individual consumers, small businesses, and large businesses. This is an exempt of what type of departmentalization?

Customer

According to the comprehensive approach to change, what is the second step in the change process?

Establishment of goals

A company has set an objective to increase its product sales by 50% in the next two years. Identify the step of the organization change process of the company.

Establishment of goals for the change.

_____ is the last step in the change process.

Evaluation and follow-up

_______ reflects an organization's investment in attracting, retaining, and motivating an effective workforce.

Human capital

________ develop a new business in the context of a large organization.

Intrapreneurs

_________ is the process of dealing with employees who are represented by a union.

Labor relations

An organization that doesn't have the time, money, or manpower to pursue a creative new idea may be unable to innovate for what reason?

Lack of resources

Ken is a newly hired police officer. He has been assigned to ride along with a more experienced officer to learn about paperwork, how to handle accident scenes, how to deal with domestic disputes, and other duties that he will be expected to perform. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?

On-the-job training

_______ _________ exists when activities flow both ways between units.

Reciprocal interdependence

Jeanne owns a boutique in Paris and is best known for the formal suits that she stitches for working women. She makes customized suits for each of her customers, keeping their age, body type, and their appearance in mind. Which of the following technologies is Jeanne using in her boutique?

Small-batch technology

Which of the following laws limits union power and specifies management rights during a union-organizing campaign?

The Labor Management Relations Act

According to the Aston studies, which of the following is true of large organizations when compared to small ones?

The have a greater degree of decentralization.

_____ is defined as determining the extent to which a selection device is really predictive of future job performance.

Validation

_____ _______ are usually set up through a procedure called job evaluation----an attempt to assess the worth of each job relative to other jobs.

Wage structures

PDC Industries wants to move away from a job specialization approach. For one of its product lines, it has given the group the responsibility to design the work system to be used, including assigning tasks and monitoring and controlling its own performance. What approach is this?

Work terms

A school has a policy that it will never higher pregnant women as teachers. This scenario illustrates

a direct form of discrimination.

When compared to flat organizations, tall organizations

are more expensive.

Pete, a manager, embraces the job characteristics approach. Pete thinks that when his employees have more control over how their work is performed, they do better. Which characteristic is Pete emphasizing?

autonomy

Which of the following is an example of a direct form of discrimination?

(wrong) An organization hiring professionals based on their experience and skills.

Which of the following is one of the assumptions on which the theory and practice of organization development (OD) are based?

(wrong) Employees tend to perform well when micromanagement techniques are used.

The Americans with Disabilities Act

(wrong) allows passive discrimination against individuals with disabilities.

The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 requires employers to provide up to _____ of ______ leave for family and medical emergencies.

12 weeks, unpaid

A performance appraisal system in which managers are evaluated by everyone around them---their boss, their peers, and their subordinates is known as

360-degree feedback

_______ __________ is defined as intentionally seeking and hiring qualified or qualifiable employees from racial, sexual, and ethnic groups that are underrepresented in an organization.

Affirmative action

________ is defined as the process of linking the activities of the various departments of an organization.

Coordination

______ is the process by which a manager assigns a portion of his or her total workload to others.

Delegation

Which of the following is one of the characteristics of Weber's bureaucracy?

Distinct division of labor

At Libra Motors Inc. operations managers give availability information to the dealerships department. When the dealerships department has a specific order, it is sent to the operations department. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?

Reciprocal interdependence

When Beta Inc. acquired Redd Communications, there was a huge uproar by the staff of Redd Communications as there were rumors of staff reductions and operations closures. _______ was the cause for this reaction by the Redd Communications staff.

Uncertainty

What are the three steps in the Lewin model?

Unfreezing, implementing, refreezing

Sarah was considering job offers from two different firms. Both jobs are appealing to her, and the salaries meet her needs. However, VuVision offered more vacation days and free gym memberships, while OptiClear had a tuition reimbursement program. Sarah was examining the ______ that these companies offer to help her make her decision.

benefits

Once employees have expressed interest in forming a union, the next step is to

collect employees' signatures on authorization cards.

In ______ technology, raw materials are transformed to a finished product by a series of machine transformations in such a way that the composition of the materials themselves is changed.

continuous-process

An organization might use _______ to generate profiles of its current activities in order to identify areas in need of correction.

diagnostic activities

Letitia is a salesperson. She routinely sells at a lower volume than her colleagues. However, she offers excellent customer service after the sale, and customers routinely give positive feedback when asked to fill out survey. Her supervisor routinely ranks her as either above average or superior on all items on her performance appraisal, including output. This is an example of ________ error influencing an appraisal.

halo

Organizations with a diverse workforce are most likely to _______ when compared to less diverse organizations.

have higher levels of productivity

At Omega Inc., a fixed amount of money is added to the salaries of employees if their performance exceeds a predetermined level of expectation. A smaller portion of the amount is added if the employees' performances just meet the expected level. Omega is most likely to be motivating their employees with

incentives.

When human resource managers determine how much each worker in a particular wage grade will be paid, they are making a(n) ________ decision.

individual wage

A(n) _________ is a person who actually conceives of and develops the new idea, product, or service by means of the creative process.

inventor

An attempt to assess the worth of each job relative to other jobs is known as

job evaluation.

Top managers at Phoenix Inc. are all computer engineers and are highly regarded by other companies. They are frequently approached by executive search firms with information about openings at other companies. The managers are examples of

knowledge workers.

Alpha Electronics assembles different parts to make standardized laptops along an assembly line. Alpha Electronics uses _________ technology.

mass-production

An organization with a diverse workforce is

most likely to have a competitive advantage.

Richard Inc. has been receiving complaints from its customers about the inefficiency of its customer service professionals. The company has now decided to change the recruitment criteria for this role. The new criteria place more emphasis on technical expertise. Richard Inc. is attempting to make a change in the area of

organization structure and design.

When a firm decides to decrease the number of first-line managers it has, and thus increase the span of management of first-line managers, it is making a change in the area of

organization structure and design.

To overcome resistance to change, the top management of a company discusses with its employees the new employee policies and procedures that it proposes to bring in and also seeks their involvement in the change process. This scenario illustrates the ________ technique that helps reduce resistance to change.

participation

Blue Bells Inc. is a software services firm. Lately, the company's HR department noticed that its employees' performance levels have plummeted, and a survey conducted by the firm indicated that this was due to low employee satisfaction levels. This prompted the HR department to introduce a new incentive system in the company. This is an example of change in the area of

people.

The radical redesign of all aspects of an organization in order to achieve major gains in cost reduction, service delivery, or reduction in order-processing time is known as

reengineering

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act

requires passive nondiscrimination.

A(n) ________ is usually computerized and contains information on each employee's education, work experience, and career aspirations.

skills inventory

A(n) ________ is a top-level manager who approves of and supports a project. This person may fight for the budget needed to develop an idea, overcome arguments against a project, and use organizational politics to ensure the project's survival.

sponsor

Alba Inc. replaced old equipment with new and advanced production equipment in all its plants. This is an example of a change in the area of

technology and operations.

The key difference between managerial and process innovations is that process innovations

(wrong) are changes in physical characteristics.

Which OD approach would be used to address significant conflict that exists within an organization?

(wrong) coaching and counseling

Which of the following can help make the reengineering process more effective?

Creating a sense of urgency in the organization.

The ________ sets up a procedure for employees to vote on whether to have a union.

National Labor Relations Act

_______ is an ideal method for training employees in group decision making.

Role-playing

Which stage of the Lewin model of organization change involves managers letting people who will be affected by an impending change know the reasons for the change?

Unfreezing

SegSystems has an in-house full-time staff of eight people. It outsources basic support services and hires temporary workers as needed. Sometimes those employees work from home. But, as needed, SegSystems will lease facilities, depending on the nature of a given project. SegSystems is an example of a(n) __________ organization.

virtual

Management has announced new procedures for new project launches. Steve and Dani reviewed the new procedures and compared them with current practices. While they do see that the current practices could use some modifications, their assessment shows that the new procedures would be less effective and, in the long run, slow down development time and impact long-term growth. As a result, Steve and Dani are resisting this change. What is the basis of their resistance?

(wrong) Risk propensity; (wrong) Feelings of loss

OSHA inspectors ruled that conditions in a production facility were hazardous and ordered the plant shut down until the company made required changes and passed a reinspection. This is an example of a(n) _________ force for change.

(wrong) internal

At Supertech Inc., a technology company, employees are given more authority and are allowed to make their own decisions. Supertech operates in a business environment that is not predictable. The middle managers, supervisors, and employees have a degree of autonomy and are encouraged to make decisions. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?

Decentralization

One disadvantage of using product departmentalization is that

administrative costs rise because each department must have its own functional specialists.