Ionic Bonds Gizmo

Maggie is sitting at a table with Fred and Florence. Maggie has 10 markers, but Fred and Florence each have only 7 markers. How can they share markers so each has 8?

Maggie will have to give one marker to Florence and Fred. The rest of the markers, they can share

Which is a nonmetal?

Chlorine

Nate and Clara are drawing pictures with markers. There are 8 markers in a set. Nate has 9 markers and Clara has 7. What can Nate and Clara do so that each of them has a full set?

Nate has to give one marker to clara.

Which atom is a metal?

Sodium

Try moving an electron from the metal to the nonmetal. What happens?

Sodium becomes a positive ion and chlorine becomes a negative ion.

How many valence electrons does each atom have?

Sodium: 1 Chlorine: 7

Most atoms are stable with a configuration of eight valence electrons. This is known as the octet rule. How many valence electrons does each atom have?

Sodium: 1 valence electrons Chlorine: 7 valence electrons

Each electron has a charge of 1-, and each proton has a charge of 1+. You can calculate the charge of an atom by subtracting the number of electrons from the number of protons. Move an electron from the sodium to the chlorine atom. What are the charges of each atom now?

Sodium: 1+ Chlorine: 1-

Each atom is neutrally charged, which means that each atom has the same number of protons and electrons. Based on this, how many protons are in each atom?

Sodium: 11 electrons Chlorine: 17 electrons

Observe the sodium and chlorine atoms. Assuming that the inner rings are full of electrons, how many electrons are there total in each atom?

Sodium: 11 electrons Chlorine: 17 electrons