ITN 101 Chapter 17-20
Rollover cable
A console cable is also referred to by what other name?
Perform POST, Load bootstrap, Load the IOS, and Load the configuration file.
Choose the correct order for the router boot up process.
Medhat is using the divide-and-conquer troubleshooting method by starting at Layer 3.
Medhat is unable to connect to a site on the internet. To begin troubleshooting, he first tests network connectivity. If that fails, he will work his way down the layers to the physical medium. If network connectivity tests succeed, he will work his way up to troubleshooting the application software. Which structured troubleshooting method is Medhat using
The help line of the cable company Assuming the computer was working properly before, the most possible cause of the problem is the Internet connection provided by the cable company. Computer vendors and manufacturers cannot help because the computer is working properly.
The home computer of a user is working properly. However, the user cannot access the Internet. The Internet connection is provided through a cable company. The user cannot identify the cause of the problem. Who should the user contact for further help?
True For a computer to connect to the device and perform in-band management tasks, at least one network interface on the device must be connected to the network and have an IP address configured on it.
True or false. An in-band management connection requires at least one network interface on the device to be connected to the network and have an IP address configured on it.
Console ports
Which interface uses USB or a low-speed, serial connection to manage network devices?
False A router typically only has a few Ethernet ports to connect networks. A switch provides many Ethernet ports for device access.
True or false? A router has many Ethernet ports to provide access to devices on the network.
True A switch is used to connect devices on the same network. A router is used to connect multiple networks to each other.
True or false? Switches typically provide LAN connectivity and routers interconnect local networks.
False The higher the device is in the OSI model, the more intelligent it is. A higher level device can better analyze data traffic and forward it based on information not available at lower layers.
True or false? The lower the device is in the OSI model, the more intelligent it is.
False The SFP-based port can be used as a fiber-optic option for the RJ-45 GE 0/0/0 port.
True or false? With the SFP-based fiber-optic port, the 4321 router has three Gigabit Ethernet interfaces that can be used for data traffic.
A faulty ethernet cable An ethernet cable plugged into the wrong port An Ethernet cable plugged into a wrong port and a faulty Ethernet cable are two possible causes for physical network connectivity issues. An incorrect default gateway configuration and a lack of an IP address will cause logical connectivity issues.
What are two common causes of a physical layer network connectivity problem? (Choose two.)
To retain contents when power is removed To store the startup configuration file NVRAM is permanent memory storage, so the startup configuration file is preserved even if the router loses power.
What are two functions of NVRAM? (Choose two.)
Use the ipconfig/release and ipconfig/renew commands to release and refresh your IP addressing configuration.
What command can you use to ask the DHCP server to refresh your IP addressing configuration?
Communication between the switch and remote users is encrypted The transport input ssh command when entered on the switch vty (virtual terminal lines) will encrypt all inbound controlled telnet connections.
What happens when the transport input ssh command is entered on the switch vty lines?
SSH Access
What is a way to remotely access the command-line interface (CLI) over a network interface?
Telnet sends a username and password in plain text, whereas SSH encrypts the username and password. SSH provides security for remote management connections to a network device. SSH does so through encryption for session authentication (username and password) as well as for data transmission. Telnet sends a username and password in plain text, which can be targeted to obtain the username and password through data capture. Both Telnet and SSH use TCP, support authentication, and connect to hosts in CLI.
What is one difference between using Telnet or SSH to connect to a network device for management purposes?
With out-of-band management, the only requirement is to have a computer directly connected to the console port of the device. This is the primary method to configure a new device because no network connection or prior configurations on the device is required.
What is required for a network administrator to perform out-of-band management tasks on a Cisco device?
Substitution During troubleshooting, when the problem seems to be caused by a defective hardware, one approach is to replace the suspected hardware with a known good one. While not necessarily locating the problem, this technique can save time and quickly restore system functionality.
A customer called the cable company to report that the Internet connection is unstable. After trying several configuration changes, the technician decided to send the customer a new cable modem to try. What troubleshooting technique does this represent?
What OS version is running on your system? What changes have you made to your workstation? If you received an error, what was it? In troubleshooting, the first step is to gather information related to the problem. One way to gather information is to ask questions of the individual who reported the problem as well as any other affected users. Questions should include end user experiences, observed symptoms, error messages, and information about recent configuration changes to devices or applications.
A user calls the help desk to report a workstation problem. Which three questions would produce the most helpful information for troubleshooting? (Choose three.)
By sending a new modem and hoping it resolves the problem, the ISP is using the substitution troubleshooting method.
Allan contacts the ISP complaining of issues connecting to the internet. He is unsure of the problem. The ISP sends a new preconfigured modem to Allan in hopes that it solves the situation. Which structured troubleshooting method is the ISP using?
ROM is used to store bootup instructions, basic diagnostic software, and a copy of a limited IOS. NVRAM stores the startup configuration file. RAM provides temporary storage of the running configuration file. Flash is used to store the full Cisco IOS on a device.
During troubleshooting procedures, from which location will most Cisco routers load a limited IOS?
VLAN 1 Interface VLAN 1 is a virtual interface on a switch, called SVI (switch virtual interface). Configuring an IP address on the default SVI, interface VLAN 1, will allow a switch to be accessed remotely. The VTY line must also be configured to allow remote access, but an IP address cannot be configured on this line.
On which switch interface would an administrator configure an IP address so that the switch can be managed remotely?
10.75.1.77
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Branch LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
10.27.172.188
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Client LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
172.29.210.141
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Client LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
192.168.166.28
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Client LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
172.29.66.95
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Engineering LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
False Out-of-band management requires a computer to be directly connected to the console port of the network device that is being configured. However, it does not require the local network connections on the device to be active.
True or false. Out-of-band management requires a the local network connections on the device to be active.
The contents of NVRAM will change The command copy running-config startup-config copies the running-configuration file from RAM into NVRAM and saves it as the startup-configuration file. Since NVRAM is none-volatile memory it will be able to retain the configuration details when the router is powered off.
What is the effect of using the Router# copy running-config startup-config command on a router?
The first action to take place when a switch is powered on is the POST or power-on self-test. POST performs tests on the CPU, memory, and flash in preparation for loading the boot loader.
What is the first action in the boot sequence when a switch is powered on?
Firewall configuration If Layers 1 through 3 all appear to be operating normally and you can successfully ping the IP address of the remote server, check firewall configuration. There may also be a DNS issue.
What is the most likely cause if you are able to ping multiple sites on the internet, but not able to open web pages?
Flash Memory By default, if no boot system commands are in the configuration, a router will load the first valid Cisco IOS image in flash memory and run it. RAM is active memory that is not used to store image files. NVRAM stores configuration files. ROM stores a minimal version of the Cisco IOS image that can be used to provide limited functions if a valid IOS image is not available in flash memory.
When a router is powered on, where will the router first search for a valid IOS image to load by default?
POST is completed when the SYST LED rapidly blinks green. If the switch fails POST, the SYST LED turns amber.
When a switch is plugged in to an outlet, the POST begins. How do you know POST has completed?
Switch>
When first connecting to a switch to configure it for the first time, you should answer "no" to the initial dialog question. After answering "no", what is the prompt?
Flash Memory
Where is the IOS image file typically stored?
VLAN 1 An SVI is a virtual interface and VLAN 1 is enabled by default on Cisco switches. VLAN 99 must be configured to be used. FastEthernet 0/1 and GigabitEthernet 0/1 are physical interfaces.
Which interface is the default SVI on a Cisco switch?
Auxiliary ports
Which interface uses telephone lines and modems to remotely manage a router?
The console ports, management interface, and auxiliary port can all be used to manage the router.
Which of the following interfaces can be used to manage the router? (Choose three.)
Step 1. Check the components. Step 2. Connect the cables to the switch. Step 3. Power up the switch.
Which of the following is the correct order of the three basic steps for powering up a switch?
Update the documentation
Which step should be taken next once a problem is resolved during a troubleshooting process?
The follow-the-path approach discovers the actual traffic path between source and destination and then tries to eliminate the links and devices that are irrelevant to the troubleshooting task at hand.
Which structured troubleshooting method attempts to locate the issue in a device or link between the source and destination?
The comparison method attempts to use a working device or configuration as a model for correcting an issue in the problem device or configuration.
Which structured troubleshooting method attempts to resolve the problem by changing elements in the problem device or configuration to be consistent with a working one?
The bottom-up approach should be used when a cabling problem is suspected.
Which structured troubleshooting method should be used when a cabling problem is suspected?
The top-down troubleshooting approach should be used when a software orientated problem occurs.
Which structured troubleshooting method should be used when a software orientated problem occurs?
Expandability Expandability is dependent on a number of other factors including the modularity of the switch.
Which switch selection factor are you typically considering when deciding between modular or fixed configurations?
Type of ports The type of port used for LAN wired access will typically be twisted-pair Ethernet. You would also consider the number of ports needed.
Which switch selection factor are you typically considering when deciding on interfaces that support twisted-pair connections?
Speed required Speed required for the switch will include a determination of the speed of the uplink ports
Which switch selection factor are you typically considering when deciding on the type of uplink ports?
Manageability Manageability is dependent on selecting a switch that can be configured
Which switch selection factor are you typically considering when deciding that you want the switch to be configurable?
When the problem occurred Steps that were performed that failed to identify the cause of the problem Steps that were performed to identify the cause of the problem Proper documentation is a very important step in troubleshooting. The proper documentation can help troubleshoot the same or similar problems in the future. The documentation should include as much information as possible about the following: the problem encountered steps taken to determine the cause of the problem steps to correct the problem and ensure that it will not reoccur
Which three items should be documented after troubleshooting an internal web server crash? (Choose three.)
The traceroute command provides connectivity information about the path a packet takes to reach the destination and about every router (hop) along the way. It also indicates how long a packet takes to get from the source to each hop and back.
A network administrator can successfully ping the server at www.cisco.com, but cannot ping the company web server located at an ISP in another city. Which tool or command would help identify the specific router where the packet was lost or delayed?
There is a DHCP issue There is no network connectivity to the DHCP server The command ipconfig /release will release the current DHCP binding. Ipconfig /renew will request fresh configuration information from the DHCP server. After these two commands are issued, if the workstation is unable to obtain a valid IP configuration from the DHCP server, it could be that there is no network connectivity or the DHCP server is not operational.
A network technician enters the command ipconfig /release followed by ipconfig /renew in order to ensure that the DHCP IP configuration on a workstation is updated. However, the workstation does not receive a valid IP configuration for the network. Which two problems may exist on the network? (Choose two.)
A ping to the wireless router can verify Layer 3 connectivity. As a troubleshooting method, this is the divide-and-conquer approach.
A small office uses a wireless router to connect to a cable modem for internet access. The network administrator receives a call that one office computer cannot access external websites. The first troubleshooting step that the network administrator performs is to ping the wireless router from the office computer. Which troubleshooting technique does this represent?
Switch A gateway is a router used to interconnect networks and is not necessary in this situation. A hub does not segment a network and allows collisions to take place on the network segment. A switch will interconnect all the devices in a LAN.
A technician is setting up a network in a new room. What is the best device to use to connect the PCs to each other and to the rest of the LAN?
enable secret trustknow1 The command service password-encryption is used to encrypt and secure plain-text passwords configured on a router
Company policy requires using the most secure method to safeguard access to the privileged exec and configuration mode on the routers. The privileged exec password is trustknow1. Which of the following router commands achieves the goal of providing the highest level of security?
RAM When a Cisco switch is powered on, the IOS is copied into RAM. The switch then runs the IOS from RAM, thus enhancing operating performance.
During normal operation, from which location do most Cisco switches run the IOS?
Check your IP configuration If the physical connection to the wired or wireless host appears to be connecting as expected, then check the IP configuration of the client.
If your physical connection is working as expected, but there is still a problem, what would be the next step?
Patti has prior experience with similar issues; therefore, she is using the educated guess troubleshooting method.
Patti is troubleshooting an issue on the network. Based on her past experience with similar situations, she assumes the problem is a bad IP configuration and starts troubleshooting with that. Which structured troubleshooting method is Patti using?
192.168.78.189
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Manager LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
192.168.65.76
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Marketing LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
10.27.205.91
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Sales LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
192.168.233.32
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Sales LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
172.20.192.162
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is connecting a new host to the Student LAN. The host needs to communicate with remote networks. What IP address would be configured as the default gateway on the new host?
128.107.255.1 In data communication, the default gateway device is involved only when a host needs to communicate with other hosts on another network. The default gateway address identifies a network device used by hosts to communicate with devices on remote networks. The IP address of the host and the default gateway address must be in the same network. With the default subnet mask, valid host IP addresses range from 128.107.0.1 to 128.107.255.254.
Refer to the exhibit. A network technician is statically assigning an IP address to a PC. The default gateway is correct. What would be a valid IP address to assign to the host?
The web server at 192.168.0.10 is reachable from the source host DNS cannot resolve the IP address for the server web-s1.cisco.com The successful result of the ping to the IP address indicates that the network is operational and the web server is online. However, the fact that the ping to the domain name of the server fails indicates there is a DNS issue, namely that the host cannot resolve the domain name to its associated IP address.
Refer to the exhibit. A web designer calls to report that the web server web-s1.cisco.com is not reachable through a web browser. The technician uses command line utilities to verify the problem and to begin the troubleshooting process. Which two things can be determined about the problem? (Choose two.)
The delimiting character appears in the banner message To create a banner message of the day on a device, use the banner motd # the message of the day # global config command. The "#" in the command syntax is called the delimiting character. It is entered before and after the message. The delimiting character can be any character as long as it does not occur in the message.
Refer to the exhibit. From global configuration mode, an administrator is attempting to create a message-of-the-day banner by using the command banner motd Authorized access only! Violators will be prosecuted!. When users log in using Telnet, the banner does not appear correctly. What is the problem?
The DHCP configuration needs to be checked The default gateway IP address must be in the same network as the host in order for the host and router to communicate with each other. Because this is a DHCP client, the IP configuration is provided by the DHCP. Thus the DHCP configuration should be checked and corrected.
Refer to the exhibit. The command output is from a wireless DHCP host connected to a Linksys integrated router. What can be determined from the output?
service password-encryption The service password-encryption command entered under the global configuration mode will encrypt all system passwords and store them in the encrypted format in the running-config and startup-config files.
Which command can be used to encrypt all passwords in the configuration file?
The netstat command is a network utility that can be used to display active TCP connections that are open and running on a networked host.
Which command would a technician use to display network connections on a host computer?
An SSH connection A CLI session using Secure Shell (SSH) provides enhanced security because SSH supports strong passwords and encryption during the transport of session data. The other methods support authentication but not encryption.
Which connection provides a secure CLI session with encryption to a Cisco switch?
The show startup-config command displays the saved configuration located in NVRAM. The show running-config command displays the contents of the currently running configuration file located in RAM.
Which information does the show startup-config command display?
LAN Interface
Which interface connects computers, switches, and routers for internal networking?
WAN Interface
Which interface connects to external networks, usually over a large distance?
When a Cisco device boots, it loads the IOS and startup configuration files into RAM.
Which two files are loaded into RAM of a Cisco switch when it is booted? (Choose two.)
Wireless access points (AP) and LAN switches are deployed in enterprise networks to allow end devices to connect to the network wirelessly or through cables. A router is used to enable end devices on a local network to communicate with other devices on remote networks. A firewall protects a network by filtering incoming and outgoing traffic. A web server hosts web content.
Which two networking devices are used in enterprise networks for providing network connectivity to end devices? (Choose two.)
Device management typically uses the *console port* and the *storage port.*
Which two ports are typically used for device management? (Choose two.)
The AUX and console ports on a Cisco 1941 router can be used to perform initial setup. The initial setup does not require that the router be connected to a network. A network administrator uses a computer to connect to the console ports directly. A network administrator can also access the router remotely through a dialup phone line and a modem connected to the AUX port. LAN and WAN interfaces are used to connect to networks. The flash slots expand storage capability through the use of a compact flash card.
Which two ports can be used for the initial configuration of a Cisco router?
Telnet and SSH are two protocols that can be used to remotely access a network device for in-band management tasks. DHCP provides dynamic IP configuration information to client devices. FTP is used for file transfers between a client and a file server. SMTP is used for email message delivery.
Which two protocols can be used to access a Cisco switch for in-band management? (Choose two.)