Java Swing and GUI

Anonymous Classes

Enable you to make your code more concise. They enable you to declare and instantiate a class at the same time. *Use them if you need to use a local class only once

KeyEvent Class

generated by a component object when a key is pressed, released, or typed getKeyChar(): returns the character associated with the key in this event getKeyCode(): returns the integer key code associated with the key in this event. getKeyLocation(): returns the location of the key that originated this key event

Key events

generated when the user presses a keyboard key (KeyListener interface)

Flow Layout

Puts as many components as possible on a row, at their preferred size The JPanel class uses flow layout by default. When a component can't fit on a row, it's put on the next row.

3 different ways to declare a class

Regular class, named inner class, anonymous inner class

Container

a special type of component that is used to hold and organize other components can establish a containment hierarchy Ex: JFrame

Key Listener Interface

keyTyped(KeyEvent): called just after the user types a Unicode character into the listened-to component. keyPressed(KeyEvent):called just after the user presses a key while the listened-to component has the focus keyReleased(KeyEvent): called just after the user releases a key while the listened-to component has the focus

Listeners

an object that "wait" for an event to occur and responds in way when it does

Component

an object that defines a screen element used to display info or allow the user to interact with the program

Events

an object that represents some occurrence in which we may be interested; ofter correspond to mouse button press, keyboard key press, etc.

Regular class

declared and named in its own file

Named inner class

declared and named inside of another class

Anonymous inner class

declared, but not named, inside of another class

Layout Managers

determines how the components in the container are arranged visually Ex: FlowLayout, BorderLayout, GridLayout, BoxLayout

Mouse events

occur when the user interacts with another component via the mouse (MouseListener interface class)

Mouse motion events

occur while the mouse is in motion (MouseMotionListener interface class)

Name other components

text fields, check boxes, radio buttons, sliders, combo boxes, timers

AWT

the original Java GUI package

Swing

Provides components that are more versatile than those of AWT

Adapter Classes

Each listener interface has a corresponding abstract class that we call an adapter

What are the 3 kinds of objected need to create a GUI?

Components, Events, and Listeners

Focus

For a key press to affect a component, the component must have the keyboard focus.

What does GUI stand for?

Graphical User Interfaces

Border Layout

Has 5 areas to which components can be added: North, South, East, West, and Center

What are some examples of heavyweight and lightweight containers?

Heavyweight- a frame, and applet; it's managed by the underlying operating system. Lightweight- a panel; it's managed by the Java program; more complex

JavaFX

It's designed to provide a lightweight, hardware-accelerated Java UI platform for enterprise business applications. Intended to replace Swing

Box Layout

Organizes components either vertically or horizontally,in one row or one column Components are organized in the order in which they are added to the container. There are no gaps b/w the components.

Grid Layout

Presents a container's components in a rectangular grid of rows and columns One component is placed in each cell, and all cells are the same size. # of rows and columns is established by using parameters to the constructor when created As components are added, they fill the grid from left to right, top to bottom

3 GUI Packages

The Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) Swing JavaFX