KAAP221: Chapter 28 Quiz
Which of the following does not describe non-sex chromosomes?
haploid
If an individual carries two different alleles for the same trait, the individual is ________ for the trait.
heterozygous
A blastocyst is a(n)
hollow ball of cells
If an individual carries a pair of alleles that are the same, the individual is ________ for the trait.
homozygous
After fertilization, the first cell division is completed
more than a day later
After 3 days, a pre-embryo becomes a solid ball of cells known as a
morula
The mesoderm forms
muscle
Which of the following does not occur during the first trimester?
organs become function
Which of the following does not occur during the first trimester?
organs become functional
Stretching of the cervix causes an increase in the blood levels of
oxytocin
Which hormone stimulates the milk let-down reflex?
oxytocin
The traits of an individual controlled by his or her genotype are his or her
phenotype
The placenta is expelled from the uterus during the ________ stage of labor.
placental
The "P" in the abbreviation SNP stands for
polymorphism
During gestation, contraction of the myometrium is inhibited by ________, produced by the placenta.
progesterone
A ________ is used to show all possible combinations of genes that can result from a given parental cross.
pungent square
Progesterone calms the myometrium and prevents contraction. What factor does not antagonize progesterone and trigger labor and delivery?
relaxation of the cervix
The hormone that increases the flexibility of the pubic symphysis during pregnancy is
relaxin
The clinical term for "growing old" is
senescence.
During implantation, the
syncytial trophoblast erodes a path through the endometrium.
By the end of gestation, which of the following has not occurred?
the blades size has been reduced
The neonatal period extends
the first month
Each of the following statements concerning development is true except
the first trimester is when the fetus first looks distinctively human.
During amphimixis,
the male and female pronuclei fuse.
The endoderm forms
the urinary bladder
Deoxygenated blood is carried to the placenta by the
umbilical arteries
The ________ is formed by a portion of the allantois, blood vessels, and remnants of the yolk sac.
umbilical cord
Which of the following is not one of the extra-embryonic membranes?
umbilical cord
The embryonic heart starts beating as blood begins to flow through chorionic vessels at approximately ________ of development.
week 3
The extra-embryonic membrane that forms blood cells is the
yolk sac
In pregnancy, expansion of the uterus results from
hypertrophy of smooth muscle cells.
Attachment to and penetration of the endometrium by the blastocyst is referred to as
implantation
By the end of gestation, which of the following has not occurred?
The bladder size has been reduced.
All of the following occur during pregnancy except
a woman's bladder capacity increases
Which of the following is a puberty-related change caused by increased testosterone levels?
accelerated bone deposition and skeletal growth
The various forms of any one gene are called
alleles
Fertilization is complete when which of the follow occurs?
amphimixis and cleavage
Under the influence of the trophoblast, maternal blood vessels in the endometrium
break down and form lacunae.
The trophoblast has many of the characteristics of ________ cells.
cancer
The extra-embryonic membrane that forms the fetal portion of the placenta is the
chorion
The process of cell division that divides the cytoplasm of the zygote among blastomeres is called
cleavage
Which of the following is not part of fertilization?
completion of meiosis I
In polygenic inheritance, phenotypic characters are
determined by interactions among several genes.
The gradual modification of anatomical structures during the period from conception to maturity is
development
The first stage of labor is the ________ stage
dilation
The oval, three-layered sheet produced by gastrulation is called the
embryonic disc
Which of the following hormones is the cause of most puberty-related changes in a female?
estrogen
Embryonic and early fetal development occurs in the ________ trimester.
first
The neonatal period extends
for the first month of life.
The inner cell mass of the blastocyst will
form the embryo
Completion of cytokinesis does not lead to
formation of a polar body
By day 12 of embryonic development, mesoderm begins to form through
gastrulation
A person's original chromosomes and their component genes constitute that person's
genotype
The infancy stage of life is considered to be over when the baby reaches ________ of age.
1 year
How many chromosomes do human somatic cells contain?
46
The almost identical cells produced by cleavage divisions are called
Blastomeres
All of the following occur at puberty except
GnRH levels decline