KIN 245: The Wrist and Hand Joints

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the radiocarpal joint allows how many degrees of abduction?

15-25

There are more than_____joints in the wrist and hand muscles

25

the radiocarpal joint allows how many degrees of adduction?

25-40

wrist contains how many bones?

29

each finger has____joints

3

There are_____muscles in the wrist and hand joints and _____are intrinsic

30, 18

the radiocarpal joint allows how many degrees of extension?

65-85

the radiocarpal joint allows how many degrees of flexion?

70-90

how many carpal bones are there and where are they located?

8, first and 2nd hand row

finger joint: distal interphalangeal

DIP, ginglymus

finger joint: metacarphalangeal

MCP, condyloid

finger joint: proximal interphalangeal

PIP, ginglymus

abductor pollicis longus action

abduct and extend thumb abduct wrist

abductor pollicis longus exercise

abduct thumb against resistance

Palmaris longus palpation

absent in some people, but anteromedial and proximal to wrist

extensor digitorum palpation

all fingers extended on distal posterior forearm

flexor digitorum profundus origin

anterior and medial surface of proximal 3/4 of ulna

flexor carpi radialis insertion

anterior bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

flexor pollicis longus origin

anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

flexor pollicis longus palpation

anterior surface of the thumb

flexor carpi radialis palpation

anterolateral surface of the wrist, in line with 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

flexor carpi ulnaris palpation

anteromedial forearm, few inches below medial epicondyle

wrist extension

back of hand toward posterior forearm

abductor pollicis longus insertion

base of 1st metacarpal (dorsal lateral)

extensor carpi radialis longus insertion (1)

base of 2nd metacarpal

extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

base of 5th metacarpal

flexor digitorum profundus insertion

base of distal phalanges palmer surface of 2n-5th fingers

extensor pollicis longus insertion

base of distal phalanx of thumb

flexor pollicis longus insertion

base of distal phalanx of thumb

extensor pollicis brevis insertion

base of proximal phalanx of thumb

extensor digitorum insertion

bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers

identify the carpal bone: scaphoid

boat shaped

carpal tunnel

bony arch spanned by transverse carpal and bony ligaments

flexor carpi radialis origin

common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus

carpal tunnel syndrome (involves what tendons? Reduce what nerve function?)

common with repetitive movement of hand/wrist. Most flexor tendons pass through carpal tunnel, so increased pressure can result in swelling and inflammation, reducing median nerve function.

what kind of joint is the wrist?

condyloid (flexion, extension, abduction and adduction)

flexor digitorum superficialis palpation

depressed area between palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris tendons, anterior mid forearm during resisted wrist flexion

extensor carpi radialis longus origin

distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

extensor pollicis longus palpation

dorsal distal thumb, middle of forearm between radius and ulna

extensor carpi ulnaris stretch

elbow extended with forearm pronated, wrist passively flexed and slightly adducted

extensor carpi radialis brevis stretch

elbow extended, forearm pronated, wrist passively flexed and adducted

extensor carpi radialis longus stretch

elbow extended, forearm pronated, wrist passively flexed and adducted (same as extensor carpi radialis brevis)

extensor carpi radialis brevis action (3)

extend and abduct wrist assist to flex elbow

extensor carpi radialis longus action (4)

extend and abduct wrist assist to flex elbow

extensor carpi ulnaris action (2)

extend and adduct the wrist

extensor pollicis longus exercises

extend flexed thumb against manual resistance

extensor digitorum action

extend the 2nd and 5th fingers assist to extend the wrist

extensor pollicis longus action

extend thumb abduct wrist

extensor pollicis brevis action

extension of 1st MCP joint abduct wrist

which three muscles are the most powerful wrist extensors?

extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus

what is the only muscle involve in the extension of all four fingers?

extensor digitorum

extensor digitorum origin

extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus

extensor digitorum stretch

fingers maximally flexed

flexor digitorum profundus action (2)

flex 2nd-5th fingers assist to flex wrist

flexor digitorum superficialis action

flex 2nd-5th fingers flex the wrist

flexor pollicis longus action

flex the thumb assist the flex wrist

flexor carpi ulnaris action (3)

flexion and adduction of the wrist weak (assists) elbow flexion

what are the three most powerful wrist flexors?

flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris and palmaris longus

what two flexor tendons do not pass through the carpal tunnel?

flexor carpi ulnaris and palmaris longus

Palmaris longus origin

flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus

anatomical sunffbox

formed by tendons of extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis

flexor carpi ulnaris stretch

fully extend elbow with forearm supinated, partner passively extends and abducts the wrist

flexor carpi radialis strecth

fully extend elbow, forearm supinated, partner passively extends and adducts wrist

abductor pollicis longus stretch

fully flex and adduct thumb

what two sports where powerful wrist extension is used is the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle important?

golf and tennis

identify the carpal bone: trapezium

greater multiangular

flexor digitorum profundus exercises

gripping activities

flexor digitorum superficialis exercise

gripping and squeezing activites

identify the carpal bone: capitate

head shaped

identify the carpal bone: hamate

hooked

extensor carpi ulnaris palpation (just lateral to...)

just lateral to ulnar styloid process and crossing posteromedial wrist

abductor pollicis longus palpation

lateral aspect of wrist proximal to 1st metacarpal during wrist an thumb abduction

extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

lateral epicondyle

This is the origin for many wrist and finger extensors (two)

lateral epicondyle and lateral supracondylar ridge

extensor carpi ulnaris origin (2)

lateral epicondyle of humerus

identify the carpal bone: trapezoid

lesser multiangular

Palmaris longus stretching

maximum elbow and wrist extension exercises

flexor digitorum superficialis ulnar head origin

medial coronoid process

all of the wrist flexors generally have origins on...(2)

medial epicondyle and anteromedial proximal forearm

flexor carpi ulnaris origin (2)

medial epicondyle of humerus posterior surface of proximal 2/3 of ulna

flexor digitorum superficialis origin

medial epicondyle of the humerus ulnar collateral ligament coronoid process of the ulna interosseous membrane proximal shaft of radius

This is the origin for many wrist and finger flexors (three)

medial epicondyle, medial condyloid ridge, and coranoid process

identify the carpal bone: lunate

moon shaped

wrist adduction

movement of little finger side of hand toward medial forearm

opposition

movement of thumb across palmar surface toward phalanges

reposition

movement of thumb as it returns to anatomical position from opposition

wrist abduction

movement of thumb side of hand toward lateral forearm

extensor pollicis brevis palpation

near insertion of posterior hand with thumb extension

flexor digitorum profundus palpation

over palmar surface during resisted finger flexion

wrist flexion

palm of hand toward anterior forearm

extensor pollicis longus stretch

passive maximal thumb flexion

extensor pollicis brevis stretch

passively flex thumb while fully adducting and flexing the wrist

identify the carpal bone: pisiform

pea shaped

flexor carpi ulnaris insertion (3)

pisiform hook of hamate base of 5th metacarpal

extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

posterior base of 3rd metacarpal

extensor carpi radialis brevis palpation

posterior forearm during extension, proximal to dorsal aspect of the wrist, traced to base of 3rd metacarpal

extensor pollicis brevis origin

posterior surface of distal/middle radius and interosseous membrane

abductor pollicis longus origin

posterior surface of radius and ulna interosseous membrane

extensor pollicis longus origin

posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

identify extensor carpi ulnaris

posterior view

flexor pollicis longus exercises

press sponge rubber ball into hand with thumb

flexor and extensor retinaculum

prevent wrist tendons from bowstringing during flexion and extension.

extensor carpi radialis longus palpation

proximal to posterior wrist

wrist is often referred to as this because most movement occurs between distal radius and proximal carpal row.

radiocarpal joint

extensor digitorum exercise

resistance to posterior hand while fingers extend against that resistance

Palmaris longus insertion

retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

flexor digitorum superficialis insertion

sides of middle phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers

flexor digitorum profundus stretch (in what one way is it different than flexor digitorum superficialis?)

similar flexor digitorum superficialis, except distal phalanges must also be passively extended

flexor digitorum superficialis stretch

supine forearm, passively extend elbow, wrist and phalanges

Palmaris longus action (4)

tense palmer fascia flex the wrist assist to flex elbow

identify the carpal bone: triquetrum

three cornered

flexor digitorum superficialis radial head origin

upper 2/3'ds of anterior border of radius

Palmaris longus exercises

wrist curling

flexor carpi ulnaris exercises

wrist curling against resistance

flexor carpi radialis activites

wrist curling and stabilization against resistance

flexor carpi radialis exercises

wrist curls with handheld resistance

extensor carpi ulnaris exercises

wrist extension against handheld resistance

flexor pollicis longus stretch

wrist extension and passively extending thumb

extensor carpi radialis brevis exercises

wrist extension exercises

extensor carpi radialis longus exercises

wrist extension exercises

flexor carpi radialis action

wrist flexion and abduction assist to flex elbow


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