Kin Nutrition Cypress College Chapter # 4

Which of the following beverages supplies the most vitamins and minerals compared to its calorie content?

8-ounce carton of low-fat (1%) chocolate milk

Which of the following symptoms could indicate that Myeshia has problems digesting milk? Check all that apply.

Abdominal cramps//Increased intestinal gas production//Diarrhea

______ is a temporary condition in which lactase production is decreased in response to another condition, such as intestinal diarrhea.

Secondary lactose maldigestion

Type 2 diabetes can be treated with injection of insulin.

True

Which of the sandwiches has the most vegetables?

Tuna salad on whole wheat

The PB&J is the only sandwich on the menu that provides fruit.

false

Three disaccharides are important in the human diet: sucrose, lactose, and maltose. Click and drag the monosaccharides to build each of the disaccharides below.

glucose fructose //glucose galactose//glucose glucose

The declines in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption observed over the 12-year study period are proof that public health efforts to decrease intake of added sugars are no longer necessary.

False

Type 1 diabetes in obese patients can be treated with metformin.

False

Use the terms below to complete each of the following sentences about health conditions related to carbohydrate intake.

Fiber plays an important role in bowel health. A diet that is low in fiber and/or water leads to small, hard stools. This condition is known as constipation. If excessive straining occurs during defecation, the anal veins can swell, causing hemorrhoids. Lots of pressure in the colon caused by excessive straining during defecation can cause small pouches called diverticula to protrude through the large intestine wall. When these pouches are inflamed and painful, the condition is known as diverticulitis. During periods of inflammation, a low-fiber diet is indicated. If pouches in the large intestine exist without painful symptoms, the condition is known as diverticulosis. In this case, a high-fiber diet can ease stool elimination and prevent future attacks.

Which three food groups contribute the most dietary fiber?

Fruits,Vegetables,Grains

Use the terms on the left to complete the following sentences about hormonal regulation of blood glucose.

After a late night, you overslept this morning and woke up late for class. In a rush to leave the house, you failed to eat breakfast. A few hours later, with an empty stomach, your blood glucose drops. This prompts your pancreas to release glucagon to stimulate breakdown of glycogen in the liver into glucose. After morning class, with your stomach growling, you stagger to the cafeteria and devour a large pasta entree for lunch. Following this meal, your blood sugar rises and the pancreas releases insulin in an attempt to shuttle blood sugar into your cells. You go to your next class, but because you're so full from lunch, you doze off. You awake to your classmate poking you in the arm as you realize the teacher is calling your name to answer a question. With your heart racing, your body now releases epinephrine, which increases glycogen breakdown in the liver and raises your blood sugar.

Use the terms and phrases on the left to complete each of the following sentences about diabetes. Terms may be used more than once.

Diabetes is a disease of improper glucose regulation that results in more than 230,000 deaths per year in North America. The majority of people with diabetes in North America have type 2 diabetes (formerly called noninsulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes). This type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance. Approximately 5-10% of diabetes cases are type 1 diabetes (formerly called insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset diabetes). This type of diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results in no pancreatic insulin production. The type of diabetes that may occur during pregnancy is called gestational diabetes. Women with this type of diabetes are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

Lisa is a 19-year-old college student who recently began experiencing symptoms of lactose intolerance. She recognizes the importance of consuming adequate dietary calcium, but does not want to further aggravate her gastrointestinal system. Select all of the dietary practices that can help Lisa meet her calcium needs without causing symptoms of lactose intolerance.

Eat hard cheeses and yogurt.//Drink low-lactose or lactase-treated milk such as Lactaid®//Drink calcium-fortified soy milk.//Take lactase pills before eating or drinking dairy foods.

When whole grains are refined, what part of the grain remains in the refined product?

Endosperm

Because animals store glycogen in their muscles, meat, fish, and poultry are good sources of carbohydrates.

False

High-fructose corn syrup yields more calories than sucrose.

False

The liver is important in carbohydrate metabolism as it processes the monosaccharides galactose and fructose into glucose. What happens to this glucose once it is done being processed in the liver? Check all that apply.

If glucose is present in excess, some can be turned into fat. If glucose is present in excess, some can be turned into fat. Correct If glucose is present in excess, some can be stored as glycogen. If glucose is present in excess, some can be stored as glycogen. Correct The liver can release the glucose directly into the bloodstream for transport to organs.

What type of carbohydrate is likely causing the problems that Myeshia experiences after drinking milk?

Lactose

What is the name of Myeshia's health condition?

Lactose Maldigestion

How does your total fiber intake for yesterday compare with the general recommendation of 25 to 38g of fiber per day for women and men, respectively?

My fiber intake is low ,it's only 20 g ,and the recommended amount for women is 25g. // should eat more oats,dried beans ,fruits and veggies.

Of the following population groups, people of ______ ancestry tend to have the lowest prevalence of lactose maldigestion.

Northern European

Which of the following sandwich ingredients is a good source of soluble fiber?

Peanut Butter

Which of the following parts of the digestive system produce enzymes that participate in carbohydrate digestion within the human body?

Produce enzymes for carbohydrate digestion mouth,pancreas,small intestine Do not produce enzymes for carbohydrate digestion esophagus ,stomach,liver,gallbladder,large intestine

Dietary fiber has many health benefits. Match each health benefit with fiber's action in the body.

Promotes colon health Nonfermentable fiber....// Improves diabetes management Viscous fiber.... Aids in weight management Fiber Increases feeling of satisety// Reduces cardiovascular disease risk Fiber reduces cholesterol absr...

Alternative sweeteners are also called artificial sweeteners. They add sweetness but give little or no calories when added to food products. Use the terms on the left to complete each of the following sentences about artificial sweeteners.

The oldest alternative sweetener is saccharin, which in North America is marketed as Sweet'n Low ®. A sweetener that is made by combining the amino acids phenylalanine and aspartic acid with methanol is called aspartame and it is marketed as Equal ®. The sweetener acesulfame-K is often combined with aspartame in soft drinks; it contains potassium and is marketed as Sunette ®. Chemically adding three chlorines to a sucrose molecule creates sucralose, and you find this artificial sweetener marketed in stores and restaurants as Splenda ®. In 2008, FDA approved a sweetener derived from a South American shrub called stevia; you can purchase this sweetener as a dietary supplement called Sweet Leaf ®.

Which of the following types of bread has the highest fiber content?

Whole wheat English muffin

Data for this study was collected as part of NHANES, which is

a large, cross-sectional survey of diet and health.

Insulin

allows cells to take in glucose.

Compared to products made with whole grains, refined grain products ______ fiber, vitamins, minerals, and healthy fats.

are lower in

After eating a meal, blood sugar levels

increase

Rank the following foods from lowest (left) to highest (right) glycemic index.

lowest Kidney beans,carrots,white rice,baked potatoes highest

In early stages of type 2 diabetes, blood sugar levels remain high after a meal because

muscle and liver cells do not respond to insulin. Correct

In type 1 diabetes, blood sugar levels remain high after a meal because

no insulin is released.

For a person to be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, he or she must have at least three of five specific risk factors for cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Click to select the cases below that meet the criteria for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome.

wanda is 65 years old waist 34 fasting blood glucose 110 trigl 100 hdl 45 blood press 135/90 // danielle is 46 years old circum 42 inch fastin blood gluc 145 tryg 200 hdl 65 blood press 132/90