KINE 306 Chapter 1

Which structural level of organization is comprised of the basic units of structure and function in organisms?

Cellular

The _ system digests food materials, absorbs nutrients, and expels waste products

Digestive

The esophagus, stomach, and large intestine are organs of the ___ system

Digestive

The anatomical term for fingers or toes is

Digital

The anatomical term for forehead is

Frontal

Who invented plastination as a way to preserve body specimens?

Gunther Von Hagen

The anatomical term describing the groin is

Inguinal

Skin and hair are major organs of the ___ system

Integumentary

Which organ system initiates an immune response when necessary?

Lymphatic system

Which organ system produces sperm cells?

Male reproductive system

The various chemical reactions that occur within all organisms are collectively termed

Metabolism

A ___ plane extends through the body vertically and divides it into equal left and right halves.

Midsagittal

Muscles are major organs of the ___ system

Muscular

The brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves are organs of the ___ system

Nervous

The structure that contains two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific, complex functions is called a(n)

Organ

When the nose, pharynx, and trachea collaborate to clean, warm, humidify, and conduct air from the atmosphere to the gas exchange surfaces in the lungs, which level of organization is depicted?

Organ system level

The ___ level is the highest structural level of organization in the human body.

Organismal

The anatomical term for the entire foot is

Pes

Which technology is unique in that it preserves specimens using reactive polymers?

Plastination

In the late 1600s, anatomists began collecting bodies and body parts in a new form for anatomy called the ___ .

Preserved specimen

The production of sex cells that, under the right conditions, have the ability to develop into a new living organism is

Reproduction

The ___ system is responsible for the exchange of gases between blood and the air in the lungs

Respiratory

The lungs, bronchi, and trachea are organs of the ____ system

Respiratory

Organs or structure of the integumentary system include

Skin and Hair

Which are organs of the skeletal system?

Skull and Ribs

Match the directional term to its opposite term

Superficial= Deep Cranial= Caudal Ventral= Dorsal Distal= Proximal

The anatomical term for the calf is

Sural

Which study examines both superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them?

Surface anatomy

The correct anatomical term for front of the elbow is

antecubital

The correct anatomical term for armpit is

axillary

The anatomical term for cheek is ___ while the anatomical term for chin is ___.

buccal, mental

A coronal plane

divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

Cranial is to skull as auricular is to __

ear

four major tissues in the body are

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

organs of the urinary system

kidneys, urinary bladder, urethra

Organs of the abdominal cavity include the

liver and stomach

The organs of the female reproductive system include

ovary, vagina, and uterus

The correct anatomical term for kneecap is

patellar

The anatomical term for chest is

pectoral

Organs of the male reproductive system include

penis, testes, and ductus deferens

Calcaneal is to heel as ___ is to sole of the foot

plantar

Of the nine abdominopelvic regions, the superior part of the cecum is typically found in the ___ region.

right lumbar

cephalic is to head as deltoid is to ________

shoulder

Organs of the lymphatic system include

spleen, lymph vessels, lymph nodes

Organs of the endocrine system include

thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands

Match the characteristic of all living organisms to its specific example/process

-Metabolism=Ingesting nutrients and expelling wastes -Growth and Development=Increased specialization as related to form and function -Adaptation=Darkening of skin pigmentation due to an increase in sun exposure -Regulation=Increased blood circulation near limb surfaces as body temperature rises

Match the serous membrane to its corresponding organ(s)

-Pleura/Lungs -Pericardium/Heart -Peritoneum/Digestive organs

The heart, blood are components of the ___ system

Cardiovascular

Which organ system consist of the heart, blood, and blood vessels?

Cardiovascular

The simplest organization level within the human body is the ___ level

Chemical

List the following structural levels of organization in the human body, from the SIMPLEST to the MOST COMPLEX

Chemical, Tissue, Organ, and Organismal

Choose all that correctly describe the nervous system

Helps control all other organ systems of the body, responds to sensory stimuli, responsible for consciousness

The ___ system function in providing protection, regulating body temperature, and preventing water loss.

Integumentary

The tonsils, spleen, and lymph are organs of the ___ system.

Lymphatic

A plane that passes through the body at an angle is called a(n)

Oblique plane

The anatomical term for the diamond-shaped region between the thigh that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs is

Perineal

Which is the best general function of the muscular system?

Produces body movement

Choose the answer that correctly describe the female reproductive system

Produces oocytes, site of growth and development of embryo and fetus, produces estrogen and progesterone

Homeostasis is involved with which characteristic of living things?

Regulation

When an organism senses and reacts to changes in their internal or external environments, this is an example of

Responsiveness

Which studies the gross anatomy of each organ system in the body?

Systematic anatomy

The anatomical term for ankle is

Tarsal

Organs of the thoracic cavity include the

trachea, lungs, and heart

Select all that are steps of the scientific method

-Developing an explanation of the phenomenon -Testing a hypothesis -Making an observation -Determining if experimental data supports the hypothesis or not

Which of the following are contributions of the Belgian physician, Vesalius

-He organized the medical classroom to bring students closer to the operating table -He wrote the text De Humani Corporis -He helped correct misconceptions about the human body that had existed almost 2000 years

Match the scientist to the appropriate scientific concept(s)/contribution(s) to the field of human anatomy

-Herophilus= Early descriptions of anatomic structures -William Harvey=The basis for modern embryology -Hippocrates=Belief that the body should be treated as a whole -Andres Vesalius= Utilized 'reined observations' in medicine and anatomy -Galen of Pergamum=The basic teaching principles of the first European medical school

Choose the answers that are correct about the transverse plane

-It cuts perpendicular to the long axis of the body -It is also called a horizontal plane -It divides the body into superior and inferior parts

Organizations of similar cells that perform specialized functions are

Tissues

As the human body grows in size, structure such as the brain become more complex

True

Darkening of the skin pigmentation in the equatorial region due to an increase in sun exposure is an example of adaptation

True

Which of the following was a Belgian physician and anatomist who authorized the first anatomically accurate medical textbook, called De Humani Corportis?

Versalius

Who wrote the book called An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of the Blood in Animals?

William Harvey

____ wrote the book called An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and the Blood in Animals?

William Harvey

_______________ first described the circulation of blood in animals, which formed the basis of modern efforts to study the heart and blood vessels.

William Harvey

The anatomical term for the portion of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist is

ante brachial