KINE 306 Chapter 1
Which structural level of organization is comprised of the basic units of structure and function in organisms?
Cellular
The _ system digests food materials, absorbs nutrients, and expels waste products
Digestive
The esophagus, stomach, and large intestine are organs of the ___ system
Digestive
The anatomical term for fingers or toes is
Digital
The anatomical term for forehead is
Frontal
Who invented plastination as a way to preserve body specimens?
Gunther Von Hagen
The anatomical term describing the groin is
Inguinal
Skin and hair are major organs of the ___ system
Integumentary
Which organ system initiates an immune response when necessary?
Lymphatic system
Which organ system produces sperm cells?
Male reproductive system
The various chemical reactions that occur within all organisms are collectively termed
Metabolism
A ___ plane extends through the body vertically and divides it into equal left and right halves.
Midsagittal
Muscles are major organs of the ___ system
Muscular
The brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves are organs of the ___ system
Nervous
The structure that contains two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific, complex functions is called a(n)
Organ
When the nose, pharynx, and trachea collaborate to clean, warm, humidify, and conduct air from the atmosphere to the gas exchange surfaces in the lungs, which level of organization is depicted?
Organ system level
The ___ level is the highest structural level of organization in the human body.
Organismal
The anatomical term for the entire foot is
Pes
Which technology is unique in that it preserves specimens using reactive polymers?
Plastination
In the late 1600s, anatomists began collecting bodies and body parts in a new form for anatomy called the ___ .
Preserved specimen
The production of sex cells that, under the right conditions, have the ability to develop into a new living organism is
Reproduction
The ___ system is responsible for the exchange of gases between blood and the air in the lungs
Respiratory
The lungs, bronchi, and trachea are organs of the ____ system
Respiratory
Organs or structure of the integumentary system include
Skin and Hair
Which are organs of the skeletal system?
Skull and Ribs
Match the directional term to its opposite term
Superficial= Deep Cranial= Caudal Ventral= Dorsal Distal= Proximal
The anatomical term for the calf is
Sural
Which study examines both superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them?
Surface anatomy
The correct anatomical term for front of the elbow is
antecubital
The correct anatomical term for armpit is
axillary
The anatomical term for cheek is ___ while the anatomical term for chin is ___.
buccal, mental
A coronal plane
divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
Cranial is to skull as auricular is to __
ear
four major tissues in the body are
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
organs of the urinary system
kidneys, urinary bladder, urethra
Organs of the abdominal cavity include the
liver and stomach
The organs of the female reproductive system include
ovary, vagina, and uterus
The correct anatomical term for kneecap is
patellar
The anatomical term for chest is
pectoral
Organs of the male reproductive system include
penis, testes, and ductus deferens
Calcaneal is to heel as ___ is to sole of the foot
plantar
Of the nine abdominopelvic regions, the superior part of the cecum is typically found in the ___ region.
right lumbar
cephalic is to head as deltoid is to ________
shoulder
Organs of the lymphatic system include
spleen, lymph vessels, lymph nodes
Organs of the endocrine system include
thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands
Match the characteristic of all living organisms to its specific example/process
-Metabolism=Ingesting nutrients and expelling wastes -Growth and Development=Increased specialization as related to form and function -Adaptation=Darkening of skin pigmentation due to an increase in sun exposure -Regulation=Increased blood circulation near limb surfaces as body temperature rises
Match the serous membrane to its corresponding organ(s)
-Pleura/Lungs -Pericardium/Heart -Peritoneum/Digestive organs
The heart, blood are components of the ___ system
Cardiovascular
Which organ system consist of the heart, blood, and blood vessels?
Cardiovascular
The simplest organization level within the human body is the ___ level
Chemical
List the following structural levels of organization in the human body, from the SIMPLEST to the MOST COMPLEX
Chemical, Tissue, Organ, and Organismal
Choose all that correctly describe the nervous system
Helps control all other organ systems of the body, responds to sensory stimuli, responsible for consciousness
The ___ system function in providing protection, regulating body temperature, and preventing water loss.
Integumentary
The tonsils, spleen, and lymph are organs of the ___ system.
Lymphatic
A plane that passes through the body at an angle is called a(n)
Oblique plane
The anatomical term for the diamond-shaped region between the thigh that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs is
Perineal
Which is the best general function of the muscular system?
Produces body movement
Choose the answer that correctly describe the female reproductive system
Produces oocytes, site of growth and development of embryo and fetus, produces estrogen and progesterone
Homeostasis is involved with which characteristic of living things?
Regulation
When an organism senses and reacts to changes in their internal or external environments, this is an example of
Responsiveness
Which studies the gross anatomy of each organ system in the body?
Systematic anatomy
The anatomical term for ankle is
Tarsal
Organs of the thoracic cavity include the
trachea, lungs, and heart
Select all that are steps of the scientific method
-Developing an explanation of the phenomenon -Testing a hypothesis -Making an observation -Determining if experimental data supports the hypothesis or not
Which of the following are contributions of the Belgian physician, Vesalius
-He organized the medical classroom to bring students closer to the operating table -He wrote the text De Humani Corporis -He helped correct misconceptions about the human body that had existed almost 2000 years
Match the scientist to the appropriate scientific concept(s)/contribution(s) to the field of human anatomy
-Herophilus= Early descriptions of anatomic structures -William Harvey=The basis for modern embryology -Hippocrates=Belief that the body should be treated as a whole -Andres Vesalius= Utilized 'reined observations' in medicine and anatomy -Galen of Pergamum=The basic teaching principles of the first European medical school
Choose the answers that are correct about the transverse plane
-It cuts perpendicular to the long axis of the body -It is also called a horizontal plane -It divides the body into superior and inferior parts
Organizations of similar cells that perform specialized functions are
Tissues
As the human body grows in size, structure such as the brain become more complex
True
Darkening of the skin pigmentation in the equatorial region due to an increase in sun exposure is an example of adaptation
True
Which of the following was a Belgian physician and anatomist who authorized the first anatomically accurate medical textbook, called De Humani Corportis?
Versalius
Who wrote the book called An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of the Blood in Animals?
William Harvey
____ wrote the book called An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and the Blood in Animals?
William Harvey
_______________ first described the circulation of blood in animals, which formed the basis of modern efforts to study the heart and blood vessels.
William Harvey
The anatomical term for the portion of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist is
ante brachial