KINS Exam #2

According to the Center for Science in Public Interest, consumers cannot trust food package labels when they state whole grain or wheat are ingredients because __________.

no legal meaning for whole grain exists. The FDA does not require a specific amount of whole grain or wheat to be present in a food product to qualify it as being a whole grain or wheat food. So, the product could be mainly white flour with just a small amount of whole grain or wheat added that has no nutritional value at all.

Essential

nutrients cannot be synthesized by the human body, but are required for optimal functioning. Therefore, they must be obtained from food. Omega-3 fatty acids are prime examples.

Part complete Eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) is less recognized than other eating disorders because sufferers __________.

often do not meet the highly-defined criteria for the diagnosis

What is a risk factor of being underweight?

osteoporosis nutrient deficiencies heart problems infertility poor immune function all of the above

A weight above the recommended level for health is classified as

overweight. A person is considered overweight if they have a body weight and a body fat percentage above the recommended levels considered to be healthy.

Part complete Why do people tend to choose organic foods over non-organic foods?

pesticide residue Research shows that organic foods tend to have 30% less pesticide residue than non-organically grown foods.

One negative factor related to eating restaurant meals is __________.

portions are usually large

Nutrition for athletes and people who exercise regularly should focus on the 3 Rs, which include all EXCEPT __________.

recreate.

Which method of body composition is the most subjective?

skinfold measures. This test is dependent on skill of measurer and level of client obesity.

Eat Less

sodiumtrans fatty acidsadded sugarrefined grains

Which of the following would be considered an addictive behavior?

texting eating gambling all of the above none of the above

What specific time of year can trigger or feed into a shopping addiction?

the holidays

On a food label, the Percent Daily Value, or %DV, tells you __________.

the percentage of an average adult's daily need for a specific nutrient in a particular food based on a 2,000-calorie daily diet Daily Values are a set of nutrition standards established by the FDA. On food labels, %DV shows how much a particular food contributes to daily nutrition needs.

According to the Center for Science in the Public Interest, consumers should read what part of the nutritional information label on food packages to ensure they are getting whole grain or wheat?

the top of the ingredient list

Dr. Bunnell indicated that the recovery rate for EDNOS sufferers is 50 to 60 percent, but that it requires __________.

time

When larger amounts of a substance are needed to achieve similar pleasurable effects, the term is defined as __________.

tolerance

Which of the following would likely indicate dehydration?

urine color is dark yellow. Dark urine occurs when the urine is concentrated, indicating the need for more fluids

Part complete Which of the following micronutrient is a fat-soluble vitamin?

vitamin A. Fat-soluble vitamins can build up in the body over time.

Which of these forms of body composition is best for a school nurse to perform on a group of elementary-aged children?

waist-to-hip ratio. This technique is effective in determining if fat distribution is unhealthy.

The video states that one of the larger problems contributing to the obesity epidemic is __________.

we tend to eat what we are served

Part complete According to the study, what is the only product the FDA requires by law to have 100% whole wheat as part of the ingredients?

whole wheat bread. The FDA requires by law that whole wheat bread must contain 100% whole wheat in the ingredients.

A female college student has become impaired by alcohol at a weekend party and is not in control of her behavior. An unknown male college student is trying to take her back to his room. Who is most likely to intervene and see that she is safe?

women

The individuals most affected by EDNOS are __________.

women

What did the data in the Sloppy Spring Breakers video indicate the ratio of women raped in the United States is?

1 in 5 women

What percentage of body fat is essential for females?

12%

Including exercise to expend __________ calories a day and consuming ___________fewer calories a day is a general recommendation for overweight individuals looking to start a weight-loss program.

250; 250

Most of the energy that your brain uses comes from

Carbohydrates

According to the video, the palm of your hand can be used to visualize an appropriate serving size for which two macronutrients?

Carbohydrates and protein

Consider each statement below and determine which are correct concerning dietary fiber.

Consuming a high-fiber diet most likely promotes the health of the digestive system. Increasing the amount of fiber in your diet can aid in achieving and maintaining a healthy weight.

Part complete Amino acids contain the precursors to neurotransmitters. Which of the following is a neurotransmitter?

Dopamine Serotonin All the answers Norepinephrine

Part complete Which of the following statements is true regarding fiber?

Drink extra water with fiber consumption. Drinking plenty of water will help prevent constipation.

Which of the following would NOT contribute to mindless eating?

Drinking water while studying

Which tobacco product uses liquid nicotine?

E-cigarette

Part complete According to Dr. Douglas Bunnell, what is the most dangerous eating disorder?

EDNOS

Which eating disorder did Dr. Bunnell identify as having the highest mortality rate of all psychological disorders?

EDNOS

What is one thing that makes essential fatty acids so unique?

Essential fatty acids must come from our diets

What is the best way to determine whether your body weight is healthy or unhealthy?

Estimate percentages of fat mass and lean mass by using one of several available methods, such as hydrostatic weighing, DXA scanning, the skin caliper test, and girth measurements.

Part complete What do antioxidants do?

Fight off free radicals that destroy brain cells

According to the video, what substance added to liquid nicotine makes it more appealing to children, teens, and young adults?

Flavoring agents

According to the video, what shift in focus is needed in working to improve our health?

Focus on fitness, not thinness. The video discussed shifting our focus from attaining an ideal body weight to improving our fitness level. The cardiologist interviewed stated that 20 to 30 additional pounds are not of great concern if overall fitness is good, and that some additional weight can be protective in the case of certain diseases.

Marijuana has been used in treatments for what medical condition(s)?

HIV/AIDS cancer inflammation pain management all of the above none of the above

The video talks about a change to the nutrition labels used on U.S. food and beverage products. What trend is driving the label changes?

Increased serving sizes The serving sizes shown on current food labels do not reflect how much the typical American consumes. The labels are being changed to more accurately show how many calories a person is actually consuming.

Which of the following statements is true regarding resting metabolic rate?

It declines with age.

Which of the following foods has slow glucose release?

Legumes

Heroin is a highly addictive drug. For those who choose to seek help, which drug is commonly used to help with heroin withdrawal symptoms?

Methadone

Which of the following statements is true regarding micronutrients?

Minerals are considered micronutrients. They are present in small amounts. Vitamins are considered micronutrients. All of the above are correct.

Part complete According to the Center for Science and Public Interest, what amount of the ingredient must be in a product for it to be considered whole grain or wheat?

No specific amount is currently required by law.

Prescription painkillers and heroin are classified as which type of drug?

Opioid

According to the video, which person would have the lowest risk for developing cardiovascular disease?

Overweight and active on a regular basis. According to the video, studies have shown that a person has a lower risk of developing CVD if they are consistently active, even if they are also overweight.

In the video, which type of drug were people typically addicted to before turning to heroin?

Prescription painkillers

According to the video, what was the main reason addicted individuals were turning to heroin?

Prescriptions for painkillers were getting harder to obtain.

Added sugars in a food will be listed on the new nutrition label __________.

because added sugars contribute to negative health conditions and should be consumed in very limited quantities. Some items such as ketchup, BBQ sauce, and flavored coffee creamers derive 30 to 65 percent of calories from sugar. It is important to realize that products high in added sugars are not a good nutritional choice.

As exercise intensity increases, the body's reliance on fuel from __________ increases.

carbohydrates

What population has the highest percentage of binge drinking?

college students

The phenomenon of slow, gradual weight gain over the years is called __________.

creeping obesity

Which of the following traits is addictive behavior associated with?

denial

Part complete An unhealthy body composition can increase risk for __________

diabetes osteoporosis heart disease all of the above

Part complete Which of the following is a way to help prevent foodborne illness?

discard foods kept at room temperature for more than two hours.

Snacking or eating when stressed is considered __________.

eating because of emotional cues

Many companies have banned e-cigarette use in public places. This is to prevent __________.

environmental tobacco smoke

Part complete What should parents do when faced with a child who is engaging in extreme exercise to increase muscle bulk?

explain that there are natural ways to increase muscle mass that will not compromise health

Having the gynoid pattern of obesity makes people more at risk for developing heart disease.

false the android pattern makes people at higher risk for health issues.

According to Dr. Durvasula, you might have a shopping addiction if you have problems in which three major areas?

finances, time management, and relationships

Binge drinking, common among college students, is considered greater than __________ drinks for males, and greater than __________ drinks for females within a two-hour timeframe.

five; four

One may have excess energy in the body due to __________.

genetics poor diet limited exercise all of the above

What emotional response to shopping did the interviewer identify during the discussion with Sarah Downey, the woman obsessed with shopping?

getting high

Part complete Which of the following hormones, when elevated, stimulates appetite?

ghrelin

Which of the following is a simple carbohydrate?

glucose

The effect a given food will have upon blood glucose is called __________.

glycemic index (GI)

What difference exists between organic and non-organic foods?

how the food is grow

What body part is the control center of appetite?

hypothalamus

Genetics, hormones, environment, and level of physical activity are factors that __________.

influence weight management

Eat More

kaleberriesoatmealsalmonnutrient-dense food

Estimating body composition requires that you measure which three things?

lean body mass, fat mass, and percentage of body fat

Which of the following characteristics of a person is least likely to be tempted to abuse drugs?

learning to cope with stress before it leads to bigger problems

One with a work addiction has which of the following traits?

low self-esteem

Which of the following drugs is considered least addictive?

marijuana

One health-related danger related to eating while watching television or movies is __________.

mindless eating, which leads to overeating

Someone who weighs 200 pounds will expend __________ calories than someone who weighs 150 pounds doing the same exercise.

more

Obesity is a risk factor for __________.

nerve dysfunction eye damage cancer hypertension decreased insulin sensitivity all of the above

Addictive behaviors trigger the release of __________ in the brain.

neurotransmitters such as dopamine

Jared realizes that different nutrition standards might be used to assess different aspects of a diet. Now he wants to assess the portion of energy coming from fat in his favorite fast-food meal. Use the values in the Nutrition Facts panel from the Build A Meal NutriTool and information provided in your textbook to answer the questions. Enter these foods into the Build A Meal NutriTool and answer the following question. What is the percent of total kilocalories coming from fat in this meal? (Round to the nearest whole number.)

26% Great job! You have successfully calculated the percent of kilocalories from fat. The % Daily Value on a Nutrition Facts panel represents the portion of a nutrient consumed in one serving of the food or meal compared with the total amount needed in one day. The % Daily Value for fat is 65 grams, which is calculated based on a 2000 kcal a day diet. Jared's favorite fast-food meal provides 30% of 65 grams, or about 20 grams.

Part complete Approximately how many calories need to be expended in order to lose one pound of fat?

3500

Part complete For someone trying to gain weight, it is recommended to consume an additional __________ calories per day to result in a 1-pound muscle mass gain in a week.

357

Part complete In the video, the group that watched a fast-paced action movie instead of a talk show consumed __________.

65 percent more calories than those in the talk show group

A large waist-to-hip ratio--your waist circumference divided by your hip circumference--is associated with high disease risk. Which of the following statements is most accurate with respect to evaluating your waist-to-hip ratio?

A waist circumference greater than 102 cm in males and 88 cm in females indicates high risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease.

The Nutrition Facts panel provides information about the nutrient values in a serving size of that food or meal. It does not, however, compare it against the MyPlate food standard. The MyPlate image is a visual guide for selecting foods that will provide a healthful, nutrient-rich meal. Which of the following changes to Jared's favorite fast-food meal would lead to a meal that includes all food groups and abides by the MyPlate standard?

Add a banana and replace soda with milk The MyPlate recommendations are for the entire day's worth of food, so not every meal needs to contain all food groups. Key messages from the MyPlate recommendations include making half of your plate fruits and vegetables, and choosing whole grains rather than processed grains.

How does advertising contribute to the increased desire to bulk up?

Advertising promotes increased muscularity as the acceptable body type.

An example of a complete protein is __________.

An example of a complete protein is __________. Complete proteins contain all 20 essential amino acids.

Which body composition assessment is based on a person's height relative to their body weight?

Body mass index (BMI) is an estimate of body fat and a determinant of overweight or obese status based on the relationship between body height and body weight.

What was one philosophy identified by Dr. Durvasula that helped the shopaholic woman, Sarah Downey, kick her habit?

Buy only what you need.

Fats

are the most common form of lipid found in the bodyhave the most calories per gram

What can be done to produce to completely protect you from pesticide exposure?

Remove the skin

Part complete Which hormone-driven signal tends to get lost when we are distracted by watching television or a movie?

Satiety

What was the lifestyle observation that Dr. Durvasula revealed to Sarah Downey, the shopaholic woman, providing a wake-up call for her to change her shopping behavior?

She was 32 years old and broke.

What are the concerns of using steroids for increasing muscle mass?

Steroids can change emotional stability.

Jim and Terry are both six feet tall and weigh 200 pounds. Therefore, each has a body mass index of 27.1. This BMI value is in the overweight category. Which of the following best explains why Terry's BMI categorization may be inaccurate?

Terry's categorization might be inaccurate because the BMI does not differentiate between fat mass and lean muscle mass.

Which of the following statements about caffeine is NOT true?

There is evidence to support long-term use of caffeine can pose significant health risks.

Part complete According to Stanford University research, what is the nutritional value of organic foods compared to non-organic labeled foods?

There is no nutritional difference between organic and non-organic foods.

How do the young boys change their diet in order to increase their muscle mass?

They consume protein supplements.

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the android pattern of obesity?

This is most common in males. This is the pattern of fat distribution in the abdominal region, which is more common among men.

For this question, you are going to indicate which nutrients change significantly after making changes to Jared's meal. It is recommended that you note % Daily Values for the nutrients listed below from the Nutrition Facts panel for Jared's current meal on a separate sheet of paper before making changes. Once you have noted those values, answer the following question. Change Jared's meal by adding a banana and replacing the soda with nonfat milk, or use the Nutrition Facts panel that was created using the Build A Meal NutriTool; then indicate which six nutrients out of the listed nutrients changed significantly (>10 points of % Daily Value).

Total Fat Potassium Dietary Fiber Calcium Iron Total Carbohydrate Vitamin C Vitamin A Protein Eating at fast-food restaurants does not always mean you cannot eat healthfully. Making small changes, such as modifying a beverage choice and adding a piece of fruit, can lead to large changes in the amount of nutrients provided. When selecting a fast-food meal, use the MyPlate image to identify missing food groups as a guide to a better proportion of the five food groups.

Part complete Optimal body fat percentage for any given person should be calculated in a range. True or false?

True

Which of the following vitamins and minerals is NOT mandatory on a food label?

Vitamin C. Vitamin C is not a required vitamin to be listed on food labels. The amounts of Vitamin D, potassium, calcium, and iron are required to be shown on a food label.

Did the portion or percent of kilocalories coming from fat in Jared's favorite fast-food meal meet the AMDR recommendations for fat?

Yes, the AMDR for fat is 20-35% of total kilocalories. The AMDR standard can be used with any kilocalories level, so it can be used to assess a meal or a person's dietary intake that is significantly different than 2000 kcal. Once the percent of kilocalories coming from a macronutrient has been calculated, it can be compared directly to the AMDR. The AMDR is the range of macronutrient portions in a diet that are associated with reduced risk for chronic diseases while providing essential nutrients like vitamins and minerals. Being able to calculate the percent of kilocalories in a meal or a total day's food intake allows a more individualized assessment of macronutrient proportions.

Many speculate that e-cigarettes are just as harmful as regular cigarettes. A long-term health effect of using any type of cigarette would be __________.

addiction

What is the most serious consequence of binge drinking that can lead to rape, harmful accidents, or death?

alcohol poisoning

Proteins

are crucial for repairing musclescan be antibodiescan serve as enzymes

Carbohydrates

are the best energy source for intense exerciseare stored in limited quantities in the body, mainly as glycogen