Kirsch Chapters 5-10

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What writing did Constantine supposedly see in the sky?

In this sign, conquer

When did Constantine receive his fateful sign?

On the night before an important battle

Who were the "men in black"?

Rigorous monks who opposed pagans

About what percentage of the population of the Roman Empire was Christian during the reign of Constantine?

10%

How many false beliefs and practices did one bishop count already by the 4th century AD?

156

In what year was the Edict of Milan issued?

313 AD

What was the Roman office of "vicar" originally?

A deputy in charge of a province

What was a basilica originally?

A public building housing government offices

Who was Constantine's father?

A soldier

What was a diocese originally?

An administrative area run by a vicar

What two ranks were used among the tetrarchs?

Augustus and Caesar

What happened after Diocletian resigned as emperor?

Civil war, ending with Constantine's reign

Who issued the Edict of Milan?

Constantine

Who summoned the Council of Nicea?

Constantine

Who supposedly went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem and found, among other things, the True Cross?

Constantine's mother

What city did Constantine found in order to serve as a new Christian capital of the empire?

Constantinople

What does the word "orthodox" mean?

Correct belief

What was Constantine's mother?

Daughter of an innkeeper

What emperor established the tetrarchy at Rome?

Diocletian

What emperor instituted the Great Persecution of Christians?

Diocletian

What did Christians do to other Christians who betrayed the faith by naming names to pagan authorities?

Excommunicated them

Why did Constantine ban private auguries?

He was afriad the results would encourage enemies of the state to rise against him

What happened to Constantine's oldest son, Crispus?

He was executed by his father

Who succeeded Constantine to the throne?

His three sons

Why did early Christians often delay baptism?

In order to wait until all opportunity to sin was over

What famous vowel--the difference between two key Greek words--caused an enormaous division within the Christian community?

Iota

How was Christian theology useful to Constantine politically?

It provided the rationale for absolute monarchy

What was the core dissenting belief among the Arians?

Jesus is a lesser being than God the Father

What did the successors of Constantine do over time?

Killed nearly all of their male relatives

How was Julian related to Constantine the Great?

Nephew

What special status did the Edict of Milan give to the Christians?

Nothing special

What did Julian attempt to do to oppose Christianity subtly?

Rebuild the Jewish temple in Jerusalem

What did Constantine NOT do in order to help Christianity?

Required all government officials to be Christian

What caused the Donatist schism in Carthage?

Rigorists refused to recognize the authority of the bishop who had aided pagan authorities in the persecutions

Who was the chief god worshipped by Julian?

Sol Invictus

Under what name is Julian known in history?

The Apostle

According to one version, Constantine had a dream telling him to put what sign on his soldiers' shields?

The Chi-Rho

What Roman ruler(s) first criminalized the rites and rituals of paganism in general?

The sons of Constantine

What Roman emperor formally elevated Christianity to be the state religion of Rome?

Theodosius

If a sect was declared an anathema, what happened to its members?

They were excommunicated

What right was guaranteed in the Edict of Milan?

To worship all or any gods freely

What does the word "catholic" mean?

Universal

What was the first major question that faced Christians once their religion was legal?

What to do with those who had betrayed the faith during the Great Persecution

What was one of the issues that faced the Council of Nicea?

What was the proper date of Easter?


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