Kozier workbook test two

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The parent of a toddler is cleaning the child's teeth. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching? 1. I'll brush my child's teeth with a hard toothbrush. 2. I'll give a fluoride supplement daily unless the drinking water is fluoridated. 3. I'll schedule an initial dental visit for my child at about two or three years of age or a soon as all 20 primary teeth have erupted. 4. I'll seek professional dental attention for any problems such as just coloring of the teeth, chipping, or signs of infection.

1. I'll brush my child's teeth with a hard toothbrush. (Use a soft toothbrush)

What is the correct bath temperature for an adult client?

110 to 115°F

Corn

A keratosis caused by friction and pressure from a shoe, usually on a bony prominence

Methods of correct dental hygiene

Brush the teeth thoroughly after meals and at bedtime; assist children; floss daily; ensure adequate intake of nutrients; avoid sweet foods and drinks between meals; Eat course, fibrous foods; have topical fluoride applications; have a check up by a dentist every six months.

Maturation

A process of differentiation and refining of abilities and skills

Defense mechanisms

Adaptive mechanisms

pyorrhea

Advanced periodontal disease with loose teeth and pus expresses when gums are pressed

Development

And increase in the complexicity of function and skill progression

Compare sudoriferous glands, eccrine glands, and apocrine glands

Apocrine glands and eccrine glands are different types of sudoriferous sweat glands. Apocrine glands are located in the armpit and anogenital areas and begin to function at puberty. They are not really used for thermoregulation while the eccrine glands are more numerous and are found on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and forehead they cool the body through evaporation.

plantar warts

Appear on sole of the foot, caused by papovavirus hominis

Dandruff

Appears as a diffuse scaling of the scalp

Developmental task

Arises it a certain period in the life of an individual, successful achievement of which leads to success with later tasks

It is important to verify the temperature of the water to

Avoid burning a client with water that is too hot

Social learning theory

Based on the principle that individuals learn by observing and thinking about the behavior of the self and others.

Scabies

Characterized by a lesion that is short, wavy, brown or black, threadlike

periodontal disease

Characterized by gingivitis, bleeding, formation of pockets between teeth and gums

A nurse to check the temperature of the bathwater when

Clients have decreased circulation or cognitive problems and will not be able to verify the temperature

How should Eyeglasses be cared for?

Can be cleaned with warm water and dried with a soft tissue; when not being worn all glasses should be placed in an appropriately labeled case and stored in the clients bedside table drawer.

What is the proper water temperature for a clients bath?

Comfortably warm to the client; between 43°C to 46°C (110°F to 115°F)

What are the six different types of baths you can give a client?

Complete bed bath (nurse washes entire body of dependent client), self-help bed bath (client bathes themselves with help from nurse), partial bath (only parts of clients body that might cause discomfort or odor), bag bath (presoaked washcloths with no rinse cleanser), tub bath, towel bath (towel with warm water and no rinse soap placed on client and massaged)

Superego

Contains the conscience

These are usually conical (circular and raised)

Corns

What are the factors influencing individual hygienic practices?

Culture, religion, environment (financial status, etc.) , developmental level (age), health and energy, personal preferences

Describe dental caries

Darkened areas on teeth that may be painful

T/F most dentists recommend that dental hygiene should begin after the fifth errupts

False. Dental hygiene should begin when they first tooth erupts and be practiced after each feeding

T/F Water used for the shampoo should be at 46.1°C (115°F) for an adult or child to be comfortable and not injure the scalp

False. It should be 40.5°C (105°F)

Lanugo

Fine hair on the body of the fetus

General hearing aid care

For correct functioning hearing aids require appropriate handling during insertion and removal, regular cleaning of the ear mold, and replacement of dead batteries

Pediculus pubis

Found in pubic hair and tends to stay hidden in the hairs

Pediculus capitis

Found on the scale and tends to stay hidden in the hairs

A nurse is evaluating a clients understanding of nail hygiene. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching? 1. I should have clean, short nails with smooth edges. 2. I should have intact cuticles. 3. I will avoid trimming or digging into nails at the lateral corners. 4. I'll cut or file around the end of the fingernail or toenail.

Four. The clients nail should be cut or filed straight across beyond the end of the finger or toe.

A male client is having his facial hair shaved with a razor. Which action by the student nurse is not correct? 1. The student nurse holds the skin taut particularly around creases to prevent cutting the skin. 2. The nurse wears gloves in case facial nicks occur and she comes in contact with blood. 3. The nurse apply shaving cream or soap and water to soften the bristles and make the skin more pliable. 4. The nurse holds the razor so that the blade is it a 90° angle to the skin and shaves and short firm strokes in the direction of hair growth.

Four. The nurse should hold the razor so that the blade is it a 45° angle to the skin and shave in short, firm strokes in the direction of hair growth.

A nurse is evaluating a clients understanding of dental care. Which of the following statements indicate a need for further teaching? 1. Brush the teeth thoroughly after meals and at bedtime. 2. Floss the teeth daily. 3. Avoid sweets and drinks between meals. 4. Have a check up by a dentist every year

Four. You should have a check up by a dentist every six months

Which two theorists describe stages of spiritual development or faith?

Fowler and Westerhoff

Cleansing baths

Given chiefly for hygiene purposes

ingrown toenail

Growth of nail into the lateral corners of the nail bed

Describe periodontal disease

Gum disease; gums appear spongy and bleeding

Fowler's theory of spiritual development

He describes the development of faith as a force that gives meaning to a persons life. He uses the term faith as a form of knowing, a way of being in relation to an ultimate environment. He believes that the development of faith is an interactive process between the person and the environment.

Kohlberg's theory on moral development

He said moral development progresses through three levels and six stages. Levels and stages are not always linked to a certain developmental stage or age because some people progress to a higher level of moral development than others. Pre-moral/preconventional level; conventional level; post conventional/autonomous/principal level

What indicators of growth are used?

Height, weight, bone size, dentition

Fixation

Inability of the personality to proceed to the next stage because of anxiety

plaque

Invisible soft film that adheres to the enamel surface of teeth

Why is it important to brush a clients hair?

It stimulates the circulation of blood in the scalp, it distributes the oil along the hair shaft, it helps arrange the hair

Accommodation

Process of change whereby cognitive processes mature sufficiently to allow the person to solve problems that were unsolvable before

eccrine glands

Produce sweat that cools body through evaporation

When providing foot care for a client the nurse would perform which of the following? 1. When washing inspect the feet for breaks or red or swollen areas 2. Do not cover the feet and between the toes with creams or lotions to moisten the skin. 3. Do not check the water temperature before immersing the feet. 4. Wash the feet every other day and dry them well especially between the toes.

One. Nursing should cover the feet except between the toes with creams and lotions. Lotion will soften calluses. The nurse should wash feet daily

Which of the following is not appropriate for the nurse bathing a person with dementia?1. move quickly and let the person know when you're going to move him or her. 2. use a supportive calm approach and praise the person often 3. gather everything that you will need for the bath before approaching the person. 4. Help the person feel in control

One. The nurse should move slowly and let the person know when you are going to move them or ask the client to move his or her own arm or leg.

During discharge planning, the nurse is teaching a client how to prevent dry skin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the need for further teaching? 1. Bathe using soap or detergent only. 2. Use bath oils, but take precautions to prevent falls caused by slippery tub surfaces. 3. Humidify the air with a humidifier or by keeping a tub or sink full of water. 4. Use moisturizing or emollient creams that contain lanolin, petroleum jelly, or cocoa butter to retain skin moisture.

One; Use cleansing creams to clean the skin rather than soap which can cause drying and allergic reactions.

What are Freud's major concepts about development?

Oral (birth - 18 Months; pleasure is accomplished by exploring the mouth and sucking); anal (18 Months - 3; pleasure is accomplished by exploring the organs of elimination); phallic (4-6; pleasure is accomplished by exploring the genitals, the child is attracted to the parent of the opposite sex); Latency (6- puberty; pleasure is directed by focusing on relationships with the same sex peers and the parent of the same sex); genital (puberty and after; pleasure is directed in the development of sexual relationships.)

pediculosis

Parasitic insects that infest mammals

Growth

Physical change and increase in size

Psychosocial development

Refers to the development of personality

Morality

Refers to the requirements necessary for people to live together in society

Moral

Relating to right and wrong

ID

Resides in the unconscious, and seeks immediate pleasure and gratification

What diseases can ticks transmit?

Rocky Mountain spotted fever, lime disease, tularemia

Apocrine glands

Sweat glands located in the Axillae and anogenital areas that begin to function at puberty

What does the behaviorist learning theory emphasize?

Takes place when an individual's response to a stimulus is either positively or negatively reinforced. The more rapid, consistent, and positive the reinforcement is, the more likely a behavior is to be learned and retained.

Pediculus corporis

Tends to cling to clothing so that when a client undresses the lice may not be in evidence on the body. They suck on blood from the person to lay their eggs on the clothing

Adaptation

The ability to handle demands made by the environment

Cognitive development

The manner in which people learn to think

behind-the-ear aid (BTE)

The most widely used type because it fits snugly behind the ear

T/F An initial dental visit for a child should be at about two or three years of age, as soon as all 20 primary teeth have erupted.

True

T/F fluoride toothpaste is often recommended because of its antibacterial protection.

True

Personality

The outward expression of the inner self

Unconscious mind

The part of a person's mental life of which a person is unaware

Moral development

The pattern of change in moral behavior with agr

What is meant by the term growth?

The physical change and increase in size

Assimilation

The process through which humans encounter and react to new situations by using the mechanisms they already possess.

Ego

The realistic part of the person

Adaptive mechanisms

The result of conflicts between IDs impulses and the anxiety created by the conflicts due to social and environmental restrictions.

Libido

The underlying motivation to human development

Moral behavior

The way a person perceives the requirements of living in society and responds to them

Temperament

The way in which individuals respond to their external and internal environments

Callus

Thickened portion of epidermis

Which period do dental caries occur frequently during as a result of the excessive intake of sweets or a prolonged use of the bottle during naps and at bedtime

Toddler

T/F A dry mouth can be aggravated by poor fluid intake, heavy smoking, alcohol use, high salt intake, anxiety, and many medications.

True

Which of the following actions should the nurse perform when making the clients bed? 1. hold soiled linen close to his uniform 2. avoid shaking the soil linen 3. conserve time and energy by stripping and making up one side is much is possible 4. place the clean linens on another clients bed 5. raise the bed to a comfortable working height

Two, three, five

The nurse needs to insert a hearing aid into a clients ear. Which of the following actions is not correct? 1. Determine from the client if the ear mold is for the left or right ear. 2. Gently press that your mold into the ear while rotating it forward. 3. Inspect the ear mold to identify the ear canal portion. 4. Check that your mold fits snugly by asking the client if it feel secure and comfortable

Two. The nurse should gently press that your mold into the air while rotating it backwards.

What is the proper way to make a hospital bed?

Wear gloves when handling used linens; hold the world linens away from uniform; do not place linens on other clients bed; place soiled linen directly in the hamper; do not shake soiled linens; conserve time and energy by making up one side as much as possible before working on the other side; gather all supplies before starting

Plaque

an invisible soft film consisting of bacteria, molecules of saliva, and remnants of epithelial cells and leukocytes that adheres to the enamel surface of teeth

Ways to shampoo a clients hair

shampoo while in the shower; shampoo while sitting on a chair in front of a sink; shampoo on a stretcher wheeled to a sink; shampoo in bed with water brought to the bedside; head bath (shower cap with shampoo and conditioner)

hygiene

the science of health and its maintenance

dental caries

cavities

Scabies

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite

Personal hygiene

the self-care measures people use to maintain health and prevent disease such as bathing, toileting, general body hygiene and grooming

Fissures

deep grooves

Xerostomia

dry mouth

Cerumen

ear wax

hirsutism

excessive hair growth over the body

factors that influence growth and development

genetics (genetics, physical characteristics), temperament, family (expected behaviors), nutrition, environment (living conditions, climate, community), health, culture

Gingiva

gums

alopecia

hair loss

pediculosis

infestation with lice

Bacteriocidal

kills bacteria

Attachment

lasting, strong emotional bond

Sebum

oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands that softens and lubricates the hair and skin

sudiferous glands

produce sweat from almost all body surfaces

gingivitis

red, swollen gum margins that bleed easily


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