Lab 8

How many bones are there all together in the forearm and hand?

29

Humerus: olecranon fossa

Accommodates the OLECRANON PROCESS of the ulna in anatomical position

Interphalangeal: articulating bones and bony landmarks

Adjacent phalanges (distal end to proximal end)

The ... are to the wrist, the ... are to the palm of the hand and the ... are to the fingers.

Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges

Metacarpophalangeal: type of synovial joint

Condylar

Brachioradialis

O: Humerus: distal lateral shaft I: Radius: styloid process A: Forearm flexion

What other muscle also contributes to this movement?

Anconeus

Forearm: anatomical term and bones

Antebrachium Radius, ulna

The biceps brachii, brachialis, and the brachioradialis are on the anterior/posterior side of the forearm

Anterior

Radius: head

Articulates with CAPITULUM of the humerus in anatomical position Forms part of the PROXIMAL radioulnar joint

Humerus: trochlea

Articulates with CORONOID PROCESS of the ulna in anatomical position

Humerus: capitulum

Articulates with HEAD of radius in anatomical position

Ulna: coronoid process

Articulates with TROCHLEA of the humerus in anatomical position

Ulna: olecranon

Articulates with the OLECRANON FOSSA of the humerus during EXTENSION of the forearm

Radius: radial styloid process

Attachment site for LIGAMENTS

Radius: radial tuberosity

Attachment site for the BICEPS BRACHII muscle

What other muscle also contributes to this movement?

Biceps brachii

Arm: anatomical term and bones

Brachium Humerus

Wrist: type of synovial joint

Condylar

Interphalangeal: movements allowed

Finger flexion Finger extension

Metacarpophalangeal: movements allowed

Finger flexion Finger extension Finger abduction Finger adduction

What ligamentous structure wraps the wrist and why is it important?

Flexor retinaculum Hold down the long tendons from the flexor muscles in the forearm extending down into the hand

These 2 muscles all contribute to what movement? Of the 2, which is the prime mover?

Forearm extension Triceps brachii

These 3 muscles all contribute to what movement? Of the 3, which is the prime mover?

Forearm flexion Brachialis

Elbow: movements allowed

Forearm flexion Forearm extension

The pronator quadratus and the pronator teres contribute to what movement?

Forearm pronation

The supinator contributes to what movement?

Forearm supination

What other movement is the biceps brachii involved in?

Forearm supination

Distal radioulnar: movements allowed

Forearm supination Forearm pronation

Proximal radioulnar: movements allowed

Forearm supination Forearm pronation

Radius: ulnar notch

Forms part of the DISTAL radioulnar joint

Ulna: head

Forms part of the DISTAL radioulnar joint

Wrist: movements allowed

Hand flexion Hand extension Hand abduction Hand adduction

Elbow: type of synovial joint

Hinge

Interphalangeal: type of synovial joint

Hinge

Elbow: articulating bones and bony landmarks

Humerus (capitulum) and radius (head) Humerus (trochlea) and ulna (trochlear notch, coronoid process) Humerus (olecranon fossa) and ulna (olecranon)

Where do the superficial extensors originate?

Humerus: lateral epicondyle

Where do the superficial flexors originate?

Humerus: medial epicondyle

Ulna: ulnar styloid process

INFERIOR and MEDIAL to the head of the ulna

Hand: anatomical term and bones

Manus Carpals (8), metacarpals (5), phalanges (14)

Metacarpophalangeal: articulating bones and bony landmarks

Metacarpals (distal, I-V) and phalanges (proximal 2-5)

Brachialis

O: Humerus: distal anterior shaft I: Ulna: coronoid process A: Forearm flexion The brachialis is DEEP compared to the biceps brachii

Supinator

O: Humerus: lateral epicondyle/Ulna: proximal, lateral border I: Radius: proximal, lateral shaft A: Forearm supination

Pronator teres

O: Humerus: medial epicondyle/Ulna: coronoid process I: Radius: lateral midshaft A: Forearm pronation

Triceps brachii: lateral head

O: Humerus: posterior distal lateral shaft I: Ulna: olecranon A: Forearm extension

Triceps brachii: medial head

O: Humerus: posterior distal medial shaft I: Ulna: olecranon A: Forearm extension

Biceps brachii

O: Scapula: coracoid process/supraglenoid tubercle I: Radius: radial tuberosity A: Forearm flexion/supination (also weak arm flexor)

Triceps brachii: long head

O: Scapula: inferior glenoid cavity I: Ulna: olecranon A: Forearm extension

Pronator quadratus

O: Ulna: distal, medial shaft I: Radius: distal, anterior shaft A: Forearm pronation

Humerus: lateral epicondyle

Origin of the muscles that EXTEND the hand and fingers

Humerus: medial epicondyle

Origin of the muscles that FLEX the hand and fingers

The muscles acting on the and/or fingers all...

Originate on either the HUMERUS, RADIUS, and/or ULNA Insert on either the CARPALS, METACARPALS, and/or PHALANGES

The biceps brachii is also a weak flexor of the arm, why?

Originates on the scapula (coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle) so it crosses 2 joints

Distal radioulnar: type of synovial joint

Pivot

Proximal radioulnar: type of synovial joint

Pivot

The triceps brachii and the anconeus are on the anterior/posterior side of the forearm

Posterior

The wrist joint is formed by the distal end of the ... articulating with the ... on the lateral side and the ... on the medial side

Radius Scaphoid Lunate

Wrist: articulating bones and bony landmarks

Radius (distal) and scaphoid/lunate

Proximal radioulnar: articulating bones and bony landmarks

Radius (head) and ulna (radial notch)

Distal radioulnar: articulating bones and bony landmarks

Radius (ulnar notch) and ulna (head)

In anatomical position, the radius is medial/lateral and the ulna is medial/lateral

Radius: lateral Ulna: medial

Humerus: coronoid fossa

Receives the CORONOID PROCESS of the ulna during FLEXION of the forearm

Humerus: radial fossa

Receives the HEAD of the radius during FLEXION of the forearm

Ulna: trochlear notch

Separates the OLECRANON and the CORONOID PROCESS

Muscles in the posterior compartment

Superficial: Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi ulnaris Deep: Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus

Muscles in the anterior compartment

Superficial: Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Deeper: Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus

The ulna articulates only periodically with the ... and the ... during adduction

Triquetrum Pisiform