Lab 8
How many bones are there all together in the forearm and hand?
29
Humerus: olecranon fossa
Accommodates the OLECRANON PROCESS of the ulna in anatomical position
Interphalangeal: articulating bones and bony landmarks
Adjacent phalanges (distal end to proximal end)
The ... are to the wrist, the ... are to the palm of the hand and the ... are to the fingers.
Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges
Metacarpophalangeal: type of synovial joint
Condylar
Brachioradialis
O: Humerus: distal lateral shaft I: Radius: styloid process A: Forearm flexion
What other muscle also contributes to this movement?
Anconeus
Forearm: anatomical term and bones
Antebrachium Radius, ulna
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and the brachioradialis are on the anterior/posterior side of the forearm
Anterior
Radius: head
Articulates with CAPITULUM of the humerus in anatomical position Forms part of the PROXIMAL radioulnar joint
Humerus: trochlea
Articulates with CORONOID PROCESS of the ulna in anatomical position
Humerus: capitulum
Articulates with HEAD of radius in anatomical position
Ulna: coronoid process
Articulates with TROCHLEA of the humerus in anatomical position
Ulna: olecranon
Articulates with the OLECRANON FOSSA of the humerus during EXTENSION of the forearm
Radius: radial styloid process
Attachment site for LIGAMENTS
Radius: radial tuberosity
Attachment site for the BICEPS BRACHII muscle
What other muscle also contributes to this movement?
Biceps brachii
Arm: anatomical term and bones
Brachium Humerus
Wrist: type of synovial joint
Condylar
Interphalangeal: movements allowed
Finger flexion Finger extension
Metacarpophalangeal: movements allowed
Finger flexion Finger extension Finger abduction Finger adduction
What ligamentous structure wraps the wrist and why is it important?
Flexor retinaculum Hold down the long tendons from the flexor muscles in the forearm extending down into the hand
These 2 muscles all contribute to what movement? Of the 2, which is the prime mover?
Forearm extension Triceps brachii
These 3 muscles all contribute to what movement? Of the 3, which is the prime mover?
Forearm flexion Brachialis
Elbow: movements allowed
Forearm flexion Forearm extension
The pronator quadratus and the pronator teres contribute to what movement?
Forearm pronation
The supinator contributes to what movement?
Forearm supination
What other movement is the biceps brachii involved in?
Forearm supination
Distal radioulnar: movements allowed
Forearm supination Forearm pronation
Proximal radioulnar: movements allowed
Forearm supination Forearm pronation
Radius: ulnar notch
Forms part of the DISTAL radioulnar joint
Ulna: head
Forms part of the DISTAL radioulnar joint
Wrist: movements allowed
Hand flexion Hand extension Hand abduction Hand adduction
Elbow: type of synovial joint
Hinge
Interphalangeal: type of synovial joint
Hinge
Elbow: articulating bones and bony landmarks
Humerus (capitulum) and radius (head) Humerus (trochlea) and ulna (trochlear notch, coronoid process) Humerus (olecranon fossa) and ulna (olecranon)
Where do the superficial extensors originate?
Humerus: lateral epicondyle
Where do the superficial flexors originate?
Humerus: medial epicondyle
Ulna: ulnar styloid process
INFERIOR and MEDIAL to the head of the ulna
Hand: anatomical term and bones
Manus Carpals (8), metacarpals (5), phalanges (14)
Metacarpophalangeal: articulating bones and bony landmarks
Metacarpals (distal, I-V) and phalanges (proximal 2-5)
Brachialis
O: Humerus: distal anterior shaft I: Ulna: coronoid process A: Forearm flexion The brachialis is DEEP compared to the biceps brachii
Supinator
O: Humerus: lateral epicondyle/Ulna: proximal, lateral border I: Radius: proximal, lateral shaft A: Forearm supination
Pronator teres
O: Humerus: medial epicondyle/Ulna: coronoid process I: Radius: lateral midshaft A: Forearm pronation
Triceps brachii: lateral head
O: Humerus: posterior distal lateral shaft I: Ulna: olecranon A: Forearm extension
Triceps brachii: medial head
O: Humerus: posterior distal medial shaft I: Ulna: olecranon A: Forearm extension
Biceps brachii
O: Scapula: coracoid process/supraglenoid tubercle I: Radius: radial tuberosity A: Forearm flexion/supination (also weak arm flexor)
Triceps brachii: long head
O: Scapula: inferior glenoid cavity I: Ulna: olecranon A: Forearm extension
Pronator quadratus
O: Ulna: distal, medial shaft I: Radius: distal, anterior shaft A: Forearm pronation
Humerus: lateral epicondyle
Origin of the muscles that EXTEND the hand and fingers
Humerus: medial epicondyle
Origin of the muscles that FLEX the hand and fingers
The muscles acting on the and/or fingers all...
Originate on either the HUMERUS, RADIUS, and/or ULNA Insert on either the CARPALS, METACARPALS, and/or PHALANGES
The biceps brachii is also a weak flexor of the arm, why?
Originates on the scapula (coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle) so it crosses 2 joints
Distal radioulnar: type of synovial joint
Pivot
Proximal radioulnar: type of synovial joint
Pivot
The triceps brachii and the anconeus are on the anterior/posterior side of the forearm
Posterior
The wrist joint is formed by the distal end of the ... articulating with the ... on the lateral side and the ... on the medial side
Radius Scaphoid Lunate
Wrist: articulating bones and bony landmarks
Radius (distal) and scaphoid/lunate
Proximal radioulnar: articulating bones and bony landmarks
Radius (head) and ulna (radial notch)
Distal radioulnar: articulating bones and bony landmarks
Radius (ulnar notch) and ulna (head)
In anatomical position, the radius is medial/lateral and the ulna is medial/lateral
Radius: lateral Ulna: medial
Humerus: coronoid fossa
Receives the CORONOID PROCESS of the ulna during FLEXION of the forearm
Humerus: radial fossa
Receives the HEAD of the radius during FLEXION of the forearm
Ulna: trochlear notch
Separates the OLECRANON and the CORONOID PROCESS
Muscles in the posterior compartment
Superficial: Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi ulnaris Deep: Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus
Muscles in the anterior compartment
Superficial: Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Deeper: Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus
The ulna articulates only periodically with the ... and the ... during adduction
Triquetrum Pisiform
