Lab Blood Vessels

Systolic pressure increases; diastolic does not

After exercise, increases cardiac output results in increased ____ pressure. ____ pressure usually does not increase significantly, as it is the resting pressure of the vessels.

Yes, momentarily after atrial contraction and ventricular systole

Are both sets of valves closed during any part of the cycle?

No

Are both sets of valves open during any part of the cycle?

Vetricular systole

At what point in the cardiac cycle is the pressure in the heart highest?

Ventricular diastole

At what point in the cardiac cycle is the pressure in the heart lowest?

Superficial temporal artery, facial artery, common carotid artery, brachial artery, radial artery, femoral artery, popliteal artery, posterior tibial artery, dorsalis pedis artery

Body sites where the pulse is most easily palpated (upper, 5; lower, 4)

The coronary sinus, the superior vena cava, and the inferior vena cava

Deoxygenated blood from the body is returned to the right atrium through three major veins:

First heart sound is longer, louder, and lower in pitch than the second heart sound, while the second sound is sharp and high-pitched

Describe the first heart sound vs. the second heart sound.

Increased BP

Effect of cold temperatures on blood pressure:

Decreased BP

Effect of heat on blood pressure:

Valsalva

Estimating venous pressure: During the ____ maneuver, peripheral venous pressure increases due to the increase in intrathoracic pressure

If it spurts, it is arterial. It will flow evenly if it is venous blood.

How could you tell by simple observation whether bleeding is arterial or venous?

brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery

In order of blood flow, list the three arteries that arise from the aortic trunk.

145 = systolic pressure reported as the point where sounds first appear; 85 = diastolic pressure reported as the point where the sound muffles or disappears

Interpret the pressure reading for each of the numbers listed: 145/85

External iliac artery, femoral artery, popliteal artery

List the order of arteries carrying blood from the pelvis into the leg:

Subclavian artery, axillary artery, brachial artery

List the order of arteries that carry blood from the thorax into the arm.

Pulmonary valve, mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve

Name the areas of the thorax where heart sounds can be best detected, starting with the pulmonary valve and going clockwise (as you face the patient)

Subclavian vein

Name the vessel

Common iliac vein

Name the vessel #17

Renal vein

Name the vessel #7

Iliolumbar artery

Name the vessel with the first string (view: caudal to the right)

internal jugular vein

Name vessel #2

Renal vein

Name vessel #3

Left and right coronary arteries

Structures branching from the ascending aorta:

The carotid pulse point has the greatest amplitude, and the dorsalis pedis artery has the least. This is related to distance from the left ventricle of the heart.

Superficial pulse points: which has the greatest amplitude, and which has the least? Why?

TRUE

T/F: The only arteries that branch off the ascending aorta are the coronary arteries.

abdominal. common iliac arteries

The ____ aorta extends from the diaphragm to the point at which the aorta divides into the two _____.

Deoxygenated

The pulmonary trunk carries __deoxygenated/oxygenated__ blood

Brachiocephalic vein

The subclavian vein and internal jugular vein join to form the:

the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid, and the left subclavian artery

Three major arteries branch from the aortic arch

Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery

Three unpaired arteries arising from the abdominal aorta are the:

Superior vena cava, coronary sinus, inferior vena cava

Vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium

Sounds that can be auscultated over a partially occluded artery?

What are the sounds of Korotkoff?

Sound of turbulent blood flow as it first begins to move through the constricted artery.

What causes the systolic sound in taking blood pressure?

Ventricular pressure greater than pressure in great arteries

What event causes the semilunar valves to open?

Atrial pressure greater than ventricular pressure

What event within the heart causes the AV valves to open?

One complete heartbeat including atrial and ventricular contraction.

What is the cardiac cycle?

sphygmomanometer

What is the name of the instrument used to compress the artery and record pressures in the ausculatory method of checking blood pressure?

systolic pressure minus diastolic

What is the pulse pressure?

Left pulmonary veins, right pulmonary veins

What vessels empty into the left atrium?

Superior vena cava, coronary sinus, inferior vena cava

What vessels empty into the right atrium?

During ventricular systole and early diastole

When are the AV valves closed?

During the period of relaxation of the heart as a whole and during atrial contraction

When are the semilunar valves closed?

Aorta

Which structure carries blood from the left ventricle?

Pulmonary vein

Which structure carries oxygenated blood from the lungs?

Left atrium

Which structure receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins?

Coronary sinus

Which structure returns blood from the heart's own circulation to atrium?

Inferior vena cava

Which structure returns blood to the right atrium?

Ischemia

___ is the restriction of blood flow to the tissues.