Lab Exam pt. 1

Endocrine glands

All of the choices are correct.

Glucagon works by

activating second messengers and stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.

Glucagon and insulin work _________ on blood glucose levels.

antagonistically

Eicosanoids are synthesized from

arachidonic acid.

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by the liver is

glucagon.

The part of the brain that functions as a "master control center" of the endocrine system is the

hypothalamus.

Insulin causes a(n) _______ in glycogenesis in the liver and a(n) _______ in lipogenesis in adipose.

increase, increase

The hormone oxytocin is synthesized in the

paraventricular nucleus.

The parathyroid glands are located

posterior to the thyroid gland.

Growth hormone is secreted by __________ cells in the anterior pituitary.

somatotropic

Calcitonin

stimulates osteoblast activity.

Protein hormones are

water-soluble.

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

Melatonin

As growth hormone levels in the blood increase,

glycogenolysis increases.

Parathyroid hormone release depends on blood levels of calcium. Such an endocrine reflex is said to be initiated by

humoral stimulation.

Within the infundibulum, the axons from neurons extending into the posterior pituitary are known as the

hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract.

The pituitary gland is located _________ to the hypothalamus and is connected by the ________.

inferior, infundibulum

The hormones and neurotransmitters released by the endocrine and nervous systems are chemical substances referred to as _________.

ligands.

In addition to secreting hormones, the pancreas also produces

pancreatic juice.

The pancreas is located ________ to the stomach, and it lies between the duodenum and the ________.

posterior, spleen