LAB FINAL Chapter 15 General and Special Senses

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Vestibule

-(entrance way) -responsible for equilibrium

fovea centralis

-Center of macula lutea -Contains only cones

pharyngotympanic tube function

-connects the middle ear to the pharynx (throat) -equalizes pressure in the middle ear

Cornea

-it is clear - it bends light coming into the eye

Fibrous tunic

-outermost layer -avascular(lack of blood supply) -dense irregular connective tissue

what's the 3 parts of the eye

1) External structures ex:eyelids 2)Accessory structures ex: lacrimal gland and extraocular muscles 3)Eyeball

How many regions are in the bony labyrinth

3

how many auditory ossicles are there

3

how many distunct layers are in the eye

3

How many extraocular muscles are there

6

Middle ear

a small air-filled cavity within the temporal bone

What cranial nerve is associated with the lateral rectus

abducens nerve

Oval window

after the ossicles vibrations come from the tympanic membrane they go to the inner ear through this structure

What colors do you see with the cones

all colors

lens

allows for precise focusing of light on the retina

lens divide the eyeball into

anterior and posterior cavities

whats another name for the anterior and posterior cavities

anterior and posterior segments

incus

anvil

what is the anterior cavity filled with

aqueous humor

the outer ear region begins with the

auricle or pinna

what color is the choroid

brown

What does the inner ear consist of

cavities known as bony labyrinth

What are the 3 parts of the vascular tunic

choroid, ciliary body, and iris

when fibers contract what are the two posibilities

constricts or dilates

Iris

contricts (light flow) or dilates

Ciliary body

controls shapes of the lens (ciliary muscle)

all three bones in the midle ear region can fit on a

dime

duct

drains

lacrimal gland

ducts that drain the tears produced

Outer ear

ear lobe top part

Vestibule structure

egg shaped bony cavity

What is the outer ear made up of

elastic cartilage

the ear contains structures for what 2 things

equilibrium and hearing

pharyngotympanic tube also called

eustachian or auditory tube

example of the function of meibomian glands

filter with blinking

whats the bony labyrinth filled with

fluid called perilymph

path of the anatomy of the outer ear region

form ear drum to out

What colors do you see with the rods

grey/shadows

malleus

hammer

macula lutea

highest numbers in an area

conjunctiva

internal surface of the eyelid with a thin mucous membrane

The eyelids meet where and at where

medially and laterally at the medial and lateral canthi

where is the iris located

most anterior portion of the uvea

whats the vascular tunic carry

most of the blood supply to the tissues of the eye

Whats the function of extraocular muscles

movement of the eye

Inferior rectus

moves eyeball inferiorly (down)

Medial rectus

moves eyeball medially

Superior Rectus

moves eyeball superiorly (up)

Lateral rectus

moves the eyeball laterally

Superior oblique

moves the eyeball laterally and inferiorly (down and out)

Inferior oblique

moves the eyeball superiorly and laterally (up and out)

Pupil

muscle fibers arranged around an opening

What makes the sclera white

numerous collagen fibers that contribute to thickness and toughness

What cranial nerve is associated with the inferior oblique

oculomotor nerve

What cranial nerve is associated with the inferior rectus

oculomotor nerve

What cranial nerve is associated with the medial rectus

oculomotor nerve

What cranial nerve is associated with the superior rectus

oculomotor nerve

meibomian glands

oily secretions that help eye keep lubricated

the cornea makes up

one-sixth of the fibrous tunic

what are the 3 regions of the ear

outer, middle, and inner ear

Eyelids are also named

palpebrae

Retina contains

photoreceptors

where is the blind spot located

posteriormost aspect of the eyeball where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball

Choroid

prevents light scattering in the eye

gland

produces

lacrimal appartus

produces and drains tears

collegen fibers

protein

dense irregular connective tissue

pulling from multiple directions

what is the iris made of

pupils

what do both the aqueous humor and vitreous humor do

refract light into the retina

Cones

responsible for color and high aquiity (sharp) vision in bright light

Rods

responsible for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision

Sensory Tunic consists of

retina and the optic nerve

photoreceptors

rods & cones

What ae the 2 structures in the vestibule

saccule & utricle

What are the two parts of the fibrous tunic

sclera & cornea

what does the inner ear contain

sense organs for hearing and equilibrium

typanic membrane

seperates outer ear from middle ear

memebranous labyrinth

series of membranes

stapes

stirrup

where is the lacrimal gland located

superolateral orbit

the muscles attach to the lens how

suspensory ligaments (holds in place)

the ciliary body makes up

the anterior aspect of the eye

What does the outer ear surround

the opening to the external auditory canal

where is the membranous labyrinth within

the perilymph

the sclera makes up

the posterior five-sixths of the fibrous tunic

the choroid makes up

the posterior part of the vascualr tunic

Cones are found where

they are concentrated at the posterior portion of the retina and found in macula lutea

vitreous humor

thicker fluid

what does the membranous labyrinth filled with

thicker fluid called endolymph

where are the rods found

throughout the retina

what does the middle of the ear house

tiny bones called the auditory ossicles

What cranial nerve is associated with the superior oblique

trochlear nerve

Whats the vascular tunic also called

uvea

What do the ossicles transmit and from where

vibrations from the typanic membrane

What is the posterior cavity filled with

vitreous humor

aqueous humor

watery fluid

example of the pharyngotympanic tube

when you ride an airplane and your ears pop

optic disk or blind spot

where there are no rodes or cones

Sclera

white part of the eyeball


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