LAB FINAL Chapter 15 General and Special Senses
Vestibule
-(entrance way) -responsible for equilibrium
fovea centralis
-Center of macula lutea -Contains only cones
pharyngotympanic tube function
-connects the middle ear to the pharynx (throat) -equalizes pressure in the middle ear
Cornea
-it is clear - it bends light coming into the eye
Fibrous tunic
-outermost layer -avascular(lack of blood supply) -dense irregular connective tissue
what's the 3 parts of the eye
1) External structures ex:eyelids 2)Accessory structures ex: lacrimal gland and extraocular muscles 3)Eyeball
How many regions are in the bony labyrinth
3
how many auditory ossicles are there
3
how many distunct layers are in the eye
3
How many extraocular muscles are there
6
Middle ear
a small air-filled cavity within the temporal bone
What cranial nerve is associated with the lateral rectus
abducens nerve
Oval window
after the ossicles vibrations come from the tympanic membrane they go to the inner ear through this structure
What colors do you see with the cones
all colors
lens
allows for precise focusing of light on the retina
lens divide the eyeball into
anterior and posterior cavities
whats another name for the anterior and posterior cavities
anterior and posterior segments
incus
anvil
what is the anterior cavity filled with
aqueous humor
the outer ear region begins with the
auricle or pinna
what color is the choroid
brown
What does the inner ear consist of
cavities known as bony labyrinth
What are the 3 parts of the vascular tunic
choroid, ciliary body, and iris
when fibers contract what are the two posibilities
constricts or dilates
Iris
contricts (light flow) or dilates
Ciliary body
controls shapes of the lens (ciliary muscle)
all three bones in the midle ear region can fit on a
dime
duct
drains
lacrimal gland
ducts that drain the tears produced
Outer ear
ear lobe top part
Vestibule structure
egg shaped bony cavity
What is the outer ear made up of
elastic cartilage
the ear contains structures for what 2 things
equilibrium and hearing
pharyngotympanic tube also called
eustachian or auditory tube
example of the function of meibomian glands
filter with blinking
whats the bony labyrinth filled with
fluid called perilymph
path of the anatomy of the outer ear region
form ear drum to out
What colors do you see with the rods
grey/shadows
malleus
hammer
macula lutea
highest numbers in an area
conjunctiva
internal surface of the eyelid with a thin mucous membrane
The eyelids meet where and at where
medially and laterally at the medial and lateral canthi
where is the iris located
most anterior portion of the uvea
whats the vascular tunic carry
most of the blood supply to the tissues of the eye
Whats the function of extraocular muscles
movement of the eye
Inferior rectus
moves eyeball inferiorly (down)
Medial rectus
moves eyeball medially
Superior Rectus
moves eyeball superiorly (up)
Lateral rectus
moves the eyeball laterally
Superior oblique
moves the eyeball laterally and inferiorly (down and out)
Inferior oblique
moves the eyeball superiorly and laterally (up and out)
Pupil
muscle fibers arranged around an opening
What makes the sclera white
numerous collagen fibers that contribute to thickness and toughness
What cranial nerve is associated with the inferior oblique
oculomotor nerve
What cranial nerve is associated with the inferior rectus
oculomotor nerve
What cranial nerve is associated with the medial rectus
oculomotor nerve
What cranial nerve is associated with the superior rectus
oculomotor nerve
meibomian glands
oily secretions that help eye keep lubricated
the cornea makes up
one-sixth of the fibrous tunic
what are the 3 regions of the ear
outer, middle, and inner ear
Eyelids are also named
palpebrae
Retina contains
photoreceptors
where is the blind spot located
posteriormost aspect of the eyeball where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball
Choroid
prevents light scattering in the eye
gland
produces
lacrimal appartus
produces and drains tears
collegen fibers
protein
dense irregular connective tissue
pulling from multiple directions
what is the iris made of
pupils
what do both the aqueous humor and vitreous humor do
refract light into the retina
Cones
responsible for color and high aquiity (sharp) vision in bright light
Rods
responsible for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision
Sensory Tunic consists of
retina and the optic nerve
photoreceptors
rods & cones
What ae the 2 structures in the vestibule
saccule & utricle
What are the two parts of the fibrous tunic
sclera & cornea
what does the inner ear contain
sense organs for hearing and equilibrium
typanic membrane
seperates outer ear from middle ear
memebranous labyrinth
series of membranes
stapes
stirrup
where is the lacrimal gland located
superolateral orbit
the muscles attach to the lens how
suspensory ligaments (holds in place)
the ciliary body makes up
the anterior aspect of the eye
What does the outer ear surround
the opening to the external auditory canal
where is the membranous labyrinth within
the perilymph
the sclera makes up
the posterior five-sixths of the fibrous tunic
the choroid makes up
the posterior part of the vascualr tunic
Cones are found where
they are concentrated at the posterior portion of the retina and found in macula lutea
vitreous humor
thicker fluid
what does the membranous labyrinth filled with
thicker fluid called endolymph
where are the rods found
throughout the retina
what does the middle of the ear house
tiny bones called the auditory ossicles
What cranial nerve is associated with the superior oblique
trochlear nerve
Whats the vascular tunic also called
uvea
What do the ossicles transmit and from where
vibrations from the typanic membrane
What is the posterior cavity filled with
vitreous humor
aqueous humor
watery fluid
example of the pharyngotympanic tube
when you ride an airplane and your ears pop
optic disk or blind spot
where there are no rodes or cones
Sclera
white part of the eyeball